Redshifts of the Gravitational Lenses B1422+231 and PG1115+080

Abstract

B1422+231 and PG1115+080 are gravitational lens systems producing quadruple QSO images where there is real promise that time delays can constrain the Hubble constant. In addition, the lensing galaxies are both part of groups which can play an important role in modelling the lens potential. This article reports redshifts for the lensing galaxies and three neighboring galaxies in each of the two systems. B1422+231 consists of a group at z=0.339 with a dispersion of 733 km/s, and PG1115+080 is a group at z=0.311 with a dispersion of 326 km/s. One of the neighboring galaxies in the B1422+231 system turned out to be an emission line galaxy at z=0.536, suggesting that QSO light passing through B1422+231 may have been subjected to lensing by a cluster at this more distant redshift. The velocity dispersion of the lensing galaxy in PG1115+080 is determined to be 281+/-25 km/s (1" square aperture), which is surprisingly large given the image splittings of 1.2" in that system.

11 pages, AASTeX Latex, including 3 Postscript figures, submitted to Astronomical Journal

References in corpus (2)

• The External Shear Acting on Gravitational Lens B 1422+231
• Keck Spectroscopy of the Gravitational Lens System PG 1115+080: Redshifts of the Lensing Galaxies

Cited by in corpus (101)

• H0LiCOW XIII. A 2.4% measurement of $H_0$ from lensed quasars: $5.3\sigma$ tension between early and late-Universe probes
• Evidence for substructure in lens galaxies?
• Massive Dark-matter halos and Evolution of Early-type Galaxies to z=1
• TDCOSMO IV: Hierarchical time-delay cosmography -- joint inference of the Hubble constant and galaxy density profiles
• X-ray Properties of Groups of Galaxies
• A SHARP view of H0LiCOW: $H_0$ from three time-delay gravitational lens systems with adaptive optics imaging
• The Optical Properties of Gravitational Lens Galaxies as a Probe of Galaxy Structure and Evolution
• The Enrichment History of the Intergalactic Medium: Measuring the CIV/HI Ratio in the Lyman Alpha Forest
• The Fundamental Plane of Gravitational Lens Galaxies and The Evolution of Early-Type Galaxies in Low Density Environments
• SHARP -- VII. New constraints on the dark matter free-streaming properties and substructure abundance from gravitationally lensed quasars
• The internal structure of the lens PG1115+080: breaking degeneracies in the value of the Hubble Constant
• Black Hole Mass Estimates Based on CIV are Consistent with Those Based on the Balmer Lines
• Gravitational Lens Time Delays: A Statistical Assessment of Lens Model Dependences and Implications for the Global Hubble Constant
• A Determination of H_0 with the CLASS Gravitational Lens B1608+656: III. A Significant Improvement in the Precision of the Time Delay Measurements
• The Hubble Constant from the Gravitational Lens B1608+656
• Self-Similar Models for the Mass Profiles of Early-type Lens Galaxies
• The Evolution and Structure of Early-type Field Galaxies: A Combined Statistical Analysis of Gravitational Lenses
• The Evolution of a Mass-Selected Sample of Early-Type Field Galaxies
• The Microlensing Properties of a Sample of 87 Lensed Quasars
• The Importance of Einstein Rings
• Constraints on cosmological models from strong gravitational lensing systems
• X-Ray and Optical Microlensing in the Lensed Quasar PG 1115+080
• The redshift distribution of gravitational lenses revisited: Constraints on galaxy mass evolution
• An Infrared Einstein Ring in the Gravitational Lens PG 1115+080
• A Spectroscopic Study of the Environments of Gravitational Lens Galaxies
• Analytic Cross Sections for Substructure Lensing
• The Importance of Lens Galaxy Environments
• B2045+265: A New Four-Image Gravitational Lens from CLASS
• A New Hybrid Framework to Efficiently Model Lines of Sight to Gravitational Lenses
• Subaru Mid-infrared Imaging of the Quadruple Lenses PG1115+080 and B1422+231: Limits on Substructure Lensing
• The Baryon Fractions and Mass-to-Light Ratios of Early-Type Galaxies
• A determination of H_0 with the CLASS gravitational lens B1608+656: II. Mass models and the Hubble constant from lensing
• Redshifts of the Gravitational Lenses MG0414+0534 and MG0751+2716
• Over-constrained Gravitational Lens Models and the Hubble Constant
• Testing the dark energy with gravitational lensing statistics
• The Effect of Environment on Shear in Strong Gravitational Lenses
• Degeneracies and scaling relations in general power-law models for gravitational lenses
• The Dark-Matter Fraction in the Elliptical Galaxy Lensing the Quasar PG1115+080
• Extinction Curves of Lensing Galaxies out to z=1
• Lensing Optical Depth for Substructure and Isolated Dark Matter Halos
• COSMOGRAIL XVII: Time delays for the quadruply imaged quasar PG 1115+080
• Gravitational lensing in a concordance LCDM universe: The importance of secondary matter along the line of sight
• Constraints on H_0 from the Central Velocity Dispersions of Lens Galaxies
• The Gravitational Lens -- Galaxy Group Connection: I. Discovery of a Group Coincident with CLASS B0712+472
• The Fundamental Plane and the evolution of the M/L ratio of early-type field galaxies up to z~1
• First Results from a Photometric Survey of Strong Gravitational Lens Environments
• The Hubble constant from eight time-delay galaxy lenses
• A Keck Survey of Gravitational Lens Systems: I. Spectroscopy of SBS 0909+532, HST 1411+5211, and CLASS B2319+051
• Constraining Warm Dark Matter using QSO gravitational lensing
• The Hubble constant inferred from 18 time-delay lenses
• What Fraction of Gravitational Lens Galaxies Lie in Groups?
• Determination of time delay from the gravitational lens B1422+231
• SHARP - V. Modelling gravitationally-lensed radio arcs imaged with global VLBI observations
• How robust are the constraints on cosmology and galaxy evolution from the lens-redshift test?
• A Strong-Lens Survey in AEGIS: the influence of large scale structure
• Redshifts of the Gravitational Lenses MG1131+0456 and B1938+666
• The Gravitational Lens -- Galaxy Group Connection. II. Groups Associated with B2319+051 and B1600+434
• Milliarcsec-scale polarisation observations of the gravitational lens B1422+231
• The impact of lens galaxy environments on the image separation distribution
• Testing a new analytic model for gravitational lensing probabilities
• X-ray Observations of Gravitationally Lensed Quasars; Evidence for a Hidden Quasar Population
• A novel approach to visibility-space modelling of interferometric gravitational lens observations at high angular resolution
• The effect of low mass substructures on the Cusp lensing relation
• TDCOSMO III: Dark matter substructure meets dark energy -- the effects of (sub)halos on strong-lensing measurements of $H_0$
• Testing dark energy models with a new sample of strong-lensing systems
• Gravitational Lenses With More Than Four Images: I. Classification of Caustics
• TDCOSMO 2025: Cosmological constraints from strong lensing time delays
• Constraining the microlensing effect on time delays with new time-delay prediction model in $H_0$ measurements
• Constraints on a $\varphi$CDM model from strong gravitational lensing and updated Hubble parameter measurements
• Constraints on warm dark matter from weak lensing in anomalous quadruple lenses
• Discs in early-type lensing galaxies: effects on magnification ratios and measurements of $H_0$
• A Comparison of Cosmological Models Using Strong Gravitational Lensing Galaxies
• A Spectroscopic Survey of the Fields of 28 Strong Gravitational Lenses: The Redshift Catalog
• Metal Absorption Systems in Spectra of Pairs of QSOs
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Fifth Image of SDSS J1004+4112 and Implications for the M_BH-sigma_* Relation at z=0.68
• Weak Lensing by Line-of-sight Halos as the Origin of Flux-ratio Anomalies in Quadruply Lensed QSOs
• Velocity Dispersion of the Gravitational Lens 0957+561
• Applying MOG to lensing: Einstein rings, Abell 520 and the Bullet Cluster
• The X-ray Properties of Moderate-redshift Galaxy Groups Selected by Association with Gravitational Lenses
• Detection of x-rays from galaxy groups associated with the gravitationally lensed systems PG 1115+080 and B1422+231
• Feasibility of Probing Dark Energy with Strong Gravitational Lensing Systems -- Fisher-Matrix Approach --
• Mass and dust in the disk of a spiral lens galaxy
• Subaru Spectroscopy of the Gravitational Lens HST 14176+5226: Implications for a Large Cosmological Constan
• Is B1422+231 a Golden Lens?
• High-redshift quasars along the Main Sequence
• Weak Lensing by Intergalactic Mini-Structures in Quadruple Lens Systems: Simulation and Detection
• Lens Galaxy Environments and Anomalous Flux Ratios in Gravitational Lenses
• Possible Method to Reconstruct the Cosmic Equation of State from Strong Gravitational Lensing Systems
• Validity of strong lensing statistics for constraints on the galaxy evolution model
• A Spectroscopic Survey of the Fields of 28 Strong Gravitational Lenses: Implications for $H_0$
• The mass distribution of a moderate redshift galaxy group and brightest group galaxy from gravitational lensing and kinematics
• Cosmological Tests With Strong Gravitational Lenses using Gaussian Processes
• PG 1115+080: variations of the A2/A1 flux ratio and new values of the time delays
• High-redshift quasars at $z\ge 3$: radio variability and MPS/GPS candidates
• Substructures in lens galaxies: PG1115+080 and B1555+375, two fold configurations
• Strong Gravitational Lensing and Its Cosmic Constraints
• A Lensing View On The Fundamental Plane
• Constraints on the Inner Regions of Lensing Galaxies from Central Images using a Recent AGN Offset Distribution
• Time delays in PG1115+080: new estimates
• A VLA monitoring study of JVAS B1422+231: investigation of time delays and detection of extrinsic variability
• Type-Ia Supernova Remnant Shell At $Z=3.5$ Seen In The Three Sightlines Toward The Gravitationally Lensed Qso B1422+231