Determining Central Black Hole Masses in Distant Active Galaxies

Abstract

An empirical relationship, of particular interest for studies of high redshift active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and quasars, between the masses of their central black-holes and rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) parameters measured in single-epoch AGN spectra is presented. This relationship is calibrated to recently measured reverberation masses of low-redshift AGNs and quasars. An empirical relationship between single-epoch rest-frame optical spectrophotometric measurements and the central masses is also presented. The UV relationship allows reasonable estimates of the central masses to be made of high-redshift AGNs and quasars for which these masses cannot be directly or easily measured by the techniques applicable to the lower luminosity, nearby AGNs. The central mass obtained by this method can be estimated to within a factor of ~3 for most objects. This is reasonable given the intrinsic uncertainty of a factor less than 2 in the primary methods used to measure the central masses of nearby inactive and active galaxies, namely resolved gas and stellar kinematics in the underlying host galaxy and reverberation-mapping techniques. The UV relationship holds good potential for being a powerful tool to study black-hole demographics at high redshift as well as to statistically study the fundamental properties of AGNs. The broad line region size - luminosity relationship is key to the calibrations presented here. The fact that its intrinsic scatter is also the main source of uncertainty in the calibrations stresses the need for better observational constraints to be placed on this relationship. The empirically calibrated relationships presented here will be applied to quasar samples in forthcoming work.

14 pages, plus 7 tables and 7 figures. To appear in ApJ, June 1, 2002

References in corpus (20)

• A Fundamental Relation Between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
• A Relationship Between Nuclear Black Hole Mass and Galaxy Velocity Dispersion
• Final Results from the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project to Measure the Hubble Constant
• Reverberation Measurements for 17 Quasars and the Size-Mass-Luminosity Relations in Active Galactic Nuclei
• An Empirical Ultraviolet Template for Iron Emission in Quasars as Derived from I Zw 1
• The M(BH)-Sigma Relation for Supermassive Black Holes
• Black Hole Mass Estimates from Reverberation Mapping and from Spatially Resolved Kinematics
• Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei. I. The Consistency of Black Hole Masses in Quiescent and Active Galaxies
• Evidence for Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei from Emission-Line Reverberation
• The black-hole masses of Seyfert galaxies and quasars
• On Black Hole Masses and Radio Loudness in AGN
• The correlation between black hole mass and bulge velocity dispersion in hierarchical galaxy formation models
• X-Ray and Optical Variability in NGC 4051 and the Nature of Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies
• On the Reliability of Cross Correlation Function Lag Determinations in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Systematic Errors in the Estimation of Black Hole Masses by Reverberation Mapping
• On The Linearity of The Black Hole - Bulge Mass Relation in Active and in Nearby Galaxies
• Variability of Active Galactic Nuclei
• Star Formation-Regulated Growth of Black Holes in Protogalactic Spheroids
• A Theoretical Model for the $M_{\mathrm{bh}}-\sigma$ Relation for Supermassive Black Holes in Galaxies
• Determination of the Central Mass in Active Galactic Nuclei Using Cross-Correlation Lags and Velocity Dispersions

Cited by in corpus (313)

• Central Masses and Broad-Line Region Sizes of Active Galactic Nuclei. II. A Homogeneous Analysis of a Large Reverberation-Mapping Database
• A Catalog of Quasar Properties from SDSS DR7
• Determining Central Black Hole Masses in Distant Active Galaxies and Quasars. II. Improved Optical and UV Scaling Relationships
• Supermassive Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei: Past, Present and Future Research
• Estimating Black Hole Masses in Active Galaxies Using the Halpha Emission Line
• The Relationship Between Luminosity and Broad-Line Region Size in Active Galactic Nuclei
• AGN Black Hole Masses and Bolometric Luminosities
• Supermassive Black Holes in Active Galactic Nuclei. II. Calibration of the M-sigma Relationship for AGNs
• The cosmological evolution of quasar black-hole masses
• What Drives the Growth of Black Holes?
• Biases in Virial Black Hole Masses: An SDSS Perspective
• Radio-Loudness of Active Galactic Nuclei: Observational Facts and Theoretical Implications
• Systematic Effects in Measurement of Black Hole Masses by Emission-Line Reverberation of Active Galactic Nuclei: Eddington Ratio and Inclination
• Reverberation Mapping of High-Luminosity Quasars: First Results
• Measuring the black hole masses of high redshift quasars
• Black Hole Masses and Eddington Ratios at 0.3<z<4
• Probing the Coevolution of Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxies Using Gravitationally Lensed Quasar Hosts
• The Radius-Luminosity Relationship for Active Galactic Nuclei: The Effect of Host-Galaxy Starlight on Luminosity Measurements
• Mass Functions of the Active Black Holes in Distant Quasars from the Large Bright Quasar Survey, the Bright Quasar Survey, and the Color-Selected Sample of the SDSS Fall Equatorial Stripe
• Red and Reddened Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The transition between BL Lac objects and Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars
• An Alternative Approach To Measuring Reverberation Lags in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Multiwavelength Monitoring of the Dwarf Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 4395. I. A Reverberation-Based Measurement of the Black Hole Mass
• The Mass Function of Active Black Holes in the Local Universe
• How Mergers May Affect The Mass Scaling Relations Between Black Holes, Galaxies, and Other Gravitationally Bound Systems
• Comparing Single-Epoch Virial Black Hole Mass Estimators for Luminous Quasars
• Discovery of a relation between black hole mass and soft X-ray time lags in active galactic nuclei
• POX 52: A Dwarf Seyfert 1 Galaxy With An Intermediate-Mass Black Hole
• What controls the C IV line profile in active galactic nuclei?
• XMM-Newton EPIC observations of 21 low-redshift PG quasars
• The Lick AGN Monitoring Project: The MBH - sigma Relation For Reverberation-Mapped Active Galaxies
• CAIXA: a Catalogue of AGN In the XMM-Newton Archive I. Spectral analysis
• The Black Hole-Bulge Relationship in QSOs
• UV/Optical Detections of Candidate Tidal Disruption Events by GALEX and CFHTLS
• CIV 1549 as an Eigenvector 1 Parameter for Active Galactic Nuclei
• Estimating Black Hole Masses in Active Galactic Nuclei Using the MgII 2800 Emission Line
• Spectral properties of quasars from Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 14: The catalog
• Near Infrared Spectroscopy of High Redshift Active Galactic Nuclei. I. A Metallicity-Accretion Rate Relationship
• The Star-Forming Torus and Stellar Dynamical Black Hole Mass in the Seyfert 1 Nucleus of NGC3227
• A Reverberation-Based Mass for the Central Black Hole in NGC 4151
• Accretion-Driven Evolution of Black Holes: Eddington Ratios, Duty Cycles, and Active Galaxy Fractions
• Early Growth and Efficient Accretion of Massive Black Holes at High Redshift
• Active Galactic Nuclei in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: II. Emission-Line Luminosity Function
• The bolometric luminosity of type 2 AGN from extinction-corrected [OIII]: no evidence for Eddington-limited sources
• The LABOCA Survey of the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: Clustering of submillimetre galaxies
• Weighing the Black Holes in z~2 Submillimeter-Emitting Galaxies Hosting Active Galactic Nuclei
• The evolution of AGN across cosmic time: what is downsizing?
• Cosmic Evolution of Black Holes and Spheroids. I: The M_BH-sigma Relation at z=0.36
• On the evolution of the black hole:spheroid mass ratio
• MCG-6-30-15: Long Timescale X-Ray Variability, Black Hole Mass and AGN High States
• The quasar M_bh - M_host relation through Cosmic Time II - Evidence for evolution from z=3 to the present age
• The Demographics of Broad Line Quasars in the Mass-Luminosity Plane II. Black Hole Mass and Eddington Ratio Functions
• Far-infrared Fine-Structure Line Diagnostics of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
• The origin of dust in high redshift QSOs: the case of SDSS J1148+5251
• Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. I. Ultraviolet Observations of the Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 5548 with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on Hubble Space Telescope
• Cosmic Evolution of Black Holes and Spheroids. II: Scaling Relations at z=0.36
• The jet power, radio loudness and black hole mass in radio loud AGNs
• Dwarf Seyfert 1 Nuclei and the Low-Mass End of the M-sigma Relation
• Hot Disk Corona and Magnetic Turbulence in Radio-Quiet Active Galactic Nuclei: Observational Constraints
• Iron Emission in the z=6.4 Quasar SDSS J114816.64+525150.3
• Quasars and the Big Blue Bump
• Probing the Coevolution of Supermassive Black Holes and Quasar Host Galaxies
• Active galactic nuclei at z~1.5: II. Black Hole Mass estimation by means of broad emission lines
• Systematic Uncertainties in Black Hole Masses Determined from Single Epoch Spectra
• The Black Hole - Bulge Relationship for QSOs at High Redshift
• On the variability of quasars: a link between Eddington ratio and optical variability?
• Modelling the broad Fe Kα reverberation in the AGN NGC 4151
• Searching For the Physical Drivers of Eigenvector 1: Influence of Black Hole Mass and Eddington Ratio
• Black hole mass estimation with a relation between the BLR size and emission line luminosity of AGN
• No significant evolution of relations between Black hole mass and Galaxy total stellar mass up to z~2.5
• A Revised Broad-Line Region Radius and Black Hole Mass for the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 NGC 4051
• Mass Functions of the Active Black Holes in Distant Quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 3
• Cosmic Evolution of Black Holes and Spheroids. IV. The BH Mass - Spheroid Luminosity Relation
• CIV Emission Line Properties and Systematic Trends in Quasar Black Hole Mass Estimates
• Average UV Quasar Spectra in the Context of Eigenvector 1: A Baldwin Effect Governed by Eddington Ratio?
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: Estimating Masses of Black Holes in Quasars with Single-Epoch Spectroscopy
• A sample of radio galaxies spanning three decades in radio luminosity - I. The host-galaxy properties and black-hole masses
• Mergers in Double-Peaked [O III] Active Galactic Nuclei
• A NuSTAR census of coronal parameters in Seyfert galaxies
• The UV Continuum of Quasars: Models and SDSS Spectral Slopes
• Active Galactic Nuclei Emission-Line Properties Versus Eddington Ratio
• The cosmic growth of the active black hole population at 1<z<2 in zCOSMOS, VVDS and SDSS
• Circumnuclear Gas in Seyfert 1 Galaxies: Morphology, Kinematics, and Direct Measurement of Black Hole Masses
• A Local Baseline of the Black Hole Mass Scaling Relations for Active Galaxies. I. Methodology and Results of Pilot Study
• Narrow Iron K$\alpha$ Lines in Active Galactic Nuclei: Evolving Populations?
• Host dynamics and origin of Palomar-Green QSOs
• Why z > 1 radio-loud galaxies are commonly located in proto-clusters
• Measuring Stellar Velocity Dispersions in Active Galaxies
• The Connection Between Jets, Accretion Disks, and Black Hole Mass in Blazars
• The Mass of the Central Black Hole in the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 4151
• Measurement of Galactic Logarithmic Spiral Arm Pitch Angle Using Two-Dimensional Fast Fourier Transform Decomposition
• The properties of the extended warm ionised gas around low-redshift QSOs and the lack of extended high-velocity outflows
• Photometric AGN reverberation mapping - an efficient tool for BLR sizes, black hole masses and host-subtracted AGN luminosities
• Observational Constraints on the Dependence of Radio-Quiet Quasar X-ray Emission on Black Hole Mass and Accretion Rate
• The relation between black hole mass and velocity dispersion at z~0.37
• Redshift Evolution in Black Hole-Bulge Relations: Testing CIV-based Black Hole Masses
• Improving Damped Random Walk parameters for SDSS Stripe 82 Quasars with Pan-STARRS1
• The Black Hole-Bulge Relationship in Luminous Broad-Line Active Galactic Nuclei and Host Galaxies
• Q0906+6930: The Highest-Redshift Blazar
• The Formation of the First Massive Black Holes
• Orientation dependency of broad-line widths in quasars and consequences for black-hole mass estimation
• The Origin of the Intrinsic Scatter in the Relation Between Black Hole Mass and Bulge Luminosity for Nearby Active Galaxies
• Reasoning From Fossils: Learning From the Local Black Hole Population About the Evolution of Quasars
• Does the Narrow [O III] 5007 Line Reflect the Stellar Velocity Dispersion in AGN?
• The Unified Model of Active Galactic Nuclei: II. Evolutionary Connection
• The largest black holes and the most luminous galaxies
• Line Shifts, Broad-Line Region Inflow, and the Feeding of AGNs
• The dependence of quasar variability on black hole mass
• Evidence for Rapidly Spinning Black Holes in Quasars
• Hubble Space Telescope ultraviolet spectroscopy of blazars: emission lines properties and black hole masses
• The SINS Survey: Broad Emission Lines in High-Redshift Star-Forming Galaxies
• The Independence of AGN Black Hole Mass and Radio-Loudness
• Calibrating CIV-based black hole mass estimators
• A SPectroscopic survey of biased halos In the Reionization Era (ASPIRE): A First Look at the Rest-frame Optical Spectra of $z>6.5$ Quasars Using JWST
• The Civ line width distribution for quasars and its implications for broad-line region dynamics and virial mass estimation
• A Revised Calibration of the Virial Mass Estimator for Black Holes in Active Galaxies Based on Single-epoch H$\beta$ Spectra
• A Relation Between Supermassive Black Hole Mass and Quasar Metallicity?
• SPACE: the SPectroscopic All-sky Cosmic Explorer
• The accretion ratios in Seyfert 2 galaxies with and without hidden broad-line regions
• The dust sublimation radius as an outer envelope to the bulk of the narrow Fe Kalpha line emission in Type 1 AGN
• Radio-Quiet Quasars in the VIDEO Survey: Evidence for AGN-powered radio emission at S_1.4GHz < 1 mJy
• The extended Lyman-alpha emission surrounding the z=3.04 radio-quiet QSO1205-30: Primordial infalling gas illuminated by the quasar?
• VLT/ISAAC Spectra of the H-beta Region in Intermediate Redshift Quasars
• Spectral Properties From Lyman-alpha to H-alpha For An Essentially Complete Sample of Quasars I: Data
• Ultraviolet and X-ray variability of active galactic nuclei with Swift
• Estimating Black Hole Masses in Quasars Using Broad Optical and UV Emission Lines
• Towards an understanding of the evolution of the scaling relations for supermassive black holes
• Toward precise constraints on growth of massive black holes
• Luminous Quasars Do Not Live in the Most Overdense Regions of Galaxies at z~4
• VLT/ISAAC Spectra of the H-beta Region in Intermediate-Redshift Quasars II. Black Hole Mass and Eddington Ratio
• A local baseline of the black hole mass scaling relations for active galaxies. IV. Correlations between $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$ and host galaxy $\sigma$, stellar mass, and luminosity
• The mass of the black hole in 3C 273
• Constraints from Galaxy-AGN Clustering on the Correlation between Galaxy and Black Hole Mass at Redshifts 2<Z<3
• Magellan Spectroscopy of Low-Redshift Active Galactic Nuclei
• Are there reliable methods to estimate the nuclear orientation of Seyfert galaxies?
• The black hole mass, Eddington ratio, and M_bh-σ_[O III] relation in young radio galaxies
• The nature of the HE0450-2958 System
• Spectropolarimetry of Seyfert 1 galaxies with equatorial scattering: Black hole masses and Broad Line Region characteristics
• Supermassive Black Hole Mass Estimates Using Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Spectra at 0.7 < z < 2
• Dramatic X-ray Spectral Variability of the Broad Absorption Line Quasar PG2112+059
• Formation of a galaxy with a central black hole in the Lemaitre-Tolman model
• The Sizes of Quasar Host Galaxies with the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program
• The Unified Model of Active Galactic Nuclei: I. Non-hidden Broad Line Region Seyfert 2 and Narrow Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies
• Simulations of the OzDES AGN Reverberation Mapping Project
• The black hole--bulge relation in AGNs
• NLS1 galaxies and estimation of their central black hole masses from the X-ray excess variance method
• Double quasars: probes of black hole scaling relationships and merger scenarios
• Eddington Accretion and QSO Emission Lines at z ~ 2
• SDSS J160531.84+174826.1: A Dwarf Disk Galaxy With An Intermediate-Mass Black Hole
• The Mass of Quasar Broad Emission Line Regions
• Black hole masses in narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies
• Black hole mass and Eddington ratio distribution functions of X-ray selected broad-line AGNs at z~1.4 in the Subaru XMM-Newton Deep Field
• An Improved Method for Using MgII to Estimate Black Hole Masses in Active Galactic Nuclei
• X-ray Cluster Associated with the z=1.063 CSS Quasar 3C 186: The Jet is NOT Frustrated
• Time-Variable Complex Metal Absorption Lines in the Quasar HS1603+3820
• A Local Baseline of the Black Hole Mass Scaling Relations for Active Galaxies. III. The BH mass - $\sigma$ relation
• Estimate black hole masses of AGNs using ultraviolet emission line properties
• Emission line widths and QSO black hole mass estimates from the 2dF QSO Redshift Survey
• Towards equation of state of dark energy from quasar monitoring: Reverberation strategy
• CIV Black Hole Mass Measurements with the Australian Dark Energy Survey (OzDES)
• Photometric reverberation mapping of 3C120
• Super-Eddington QSO RX J0439.6-5311. II. Multi-wavelength Constraints on the Global Structure of the Accretion Flow
• Virial Masses of Black Holes from Single Epoch Spectra of AGN
• The basic parameters of gamma-ray-loud blazars
• Black Hole Masses of Intermediate-Redshift Quasars: Near Infrared Spectroscopy
• The spatial clustering of ROSAT All-Sky Survey Active Galactic Nuclei IV. More massive black holes reside in more massive dark matter halos
• Rehabilitating CIV-based black hole mass estimates in quasars
• Photometric Reverberation Mapping of the Broad Emission Line Region in Quasars
• Detection of faint broad emission lines in type 2 AGN: II. On the measurement of the BH mass of type 2 AGN and the unified model
• Subaru Telescope adaptive optics observations of gravitationally lensed quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The Disc-Jet Relation in Strong-Lined Blazars
• The BH mass of nearby QSOs: a comparison of the bulge luminosity and virial methods
• Determining Quasar Black Hole Mass Functions from their Broad Emission Lines: Application to the Bright Quasar Survey
• Implications of Quasar Black Hole Masses at High Redshifts
• SUPER III. Broad Line Region properties of AGN at z$\sim$2
• On the Scatter in the Radius - Luminosity Relationship for Active Galactic Nuclei
• Accretion rates and accretion efficiency in AGNs
• On the AGN radio luminosity distribution and the black hole fundamental plane
• Host galaxies of bright high redshift quasars: Luminosities and colours
• Swift/UVOT grism monitoring of NGC 5548 in 2013: an attempt at MgII reverberation mapping
• A Suzaku sample of unabsorbed narrow-line and broad-line Seyfert 1 galaxies: I. X-ray spectral properties
• The orientation dependence of quasar single-epoch black hole mass scaling relationships
• Simultaneous Ultraviolet and Optical Emission-line Profiles of Quasars: Implications for Black Hole Mass Determination
• Synchronized Co-evolution between Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxies Over the Last Seven Billion Years as Revealed by the Hyper Suprime-Cam
• The black holes of radio galaxies during the "Quasar Era": Masses, accretion rates, and evolutionary stage
• Strong Clustering of Lyman Break Galaxies around Luminous Quasars at z~4
• Eddington ratio Distribution of X-ray selected broad-line AGNs at 1.0<z<2.2
• Black Hole Mass Estimates and Rapid Growth of Supermassive Black Holes in Luminous $z\sim$ 3.5 Quasars
• Multiwavelength XMM-Newton observations of the Laor et al. sample of PG quasars
• Constraints on the broad line region from regularized linear inversion: Velocity-delay maps for five nearby active galactic nuclei
• The evolution of host mass and black hole mass in QSOs from the 2dF QSO Redshift Survey
• Consistency of the black hole mass determination in AGN from the reverberation and the X-ray excess variance method
• X-ray Insights Into Interpreting CIV Blueshifts and Optical/UV Continua
• Accretion Rates of Red Quasars from the Hydrogen P$\beta$ line
• Is there really a dichotomy in AGN jet power?
• CIV and CIII] reverberation mapping of the luminous quasar PG 1247+267
• Super-Eddington Accretion in the WISE-Selected Extremely Luminous Infrared Galaxy W2246-0526
• The mass assembly of high-redshift black holes
• The HST view of the broad line region in low luminosity AGN
• How to constrain mass and spin of supermassive black holes through their disk emission
• Baryon Loading Efficiency and Particle Acceleration Efficiency of Relativistic Jets: Cases For Low Luminosity BL Lacs
• MgII Line Variability of High Luminosity Quasars
• Understanding AGN-Host Connection in Partially Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei. Part I: The Nature of AGN+HII Composites
• Obscured GOODS AGN and Their Host Galaxies at z < 1.25: The Slow Black Hole Growth Phase
• The Close AGN Reference Survey (CARS): IFU survey data and the BH mass dependence of long-term AGN variability
• Eddington ratios of faint AGN at intermediate redshift: Evidence for a population of half-starved black holes
• The FeII/MgII flux ratio of low-luminosity quasars at z~3
• The broad-line region and dust torus size of the Seyfert 1 galaxy PGC50427
• Black hole masses and Doppler factors of $\gamma$-ray active galactic nuclei
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: An Investigation of Biases in CIV Emission-Line Properties
• XMM-Newton Observations of High Redshift Quasars
• A test on external Compton models for $\gamma$-ray active galactic nuclei
• The AKARI 2.5-5.0 Micron Spectral Atlas of Type-1 Active Galactic Nuclei: Black Hole Mass Estimator, Line Ratio, and Hot Dust Temperature
• Radiative Efficiency of Disk Accretion in Individual SDSS QSOs
• The Optical and Ultraviolet Emission-Line Properties of Bright Quasars with Detailed Spectral Energy Distributions
• X-ray Spectral and Variability Properties of Low-Mass AGN
• Evidence for the preferential disruption of moderately massive stars by supermassive black holes
• Chemical Abundance of z~6 Quasar Broad-Line Regions in the XQR-30 Sample
• Extending Virial Black Hole Mass Estimates to Low-Luminosity or Obscured AGN: the cases of NGC 4395 and MCG -01-24-012
• SDSS-IV/SPIDERS: A Catalogue of X-Ray Selected AGN Properties; Spectral Properties and Black Hole Mass Estimates for SPIDERS SDSS DR14 Type 1 AGN
• SDSS 0956+5128: A Broad-line Quasar with Extreme Velocity Offsets
• The peculiar emission line spectra of core-Extremely Red BOSS Quasars at $z\sim$2-3: orientation and/or evolution?
• The Line Emission Region in III Zw 2: Kinematics and Variability
• The role of the Gamma-Eddington ratio relation on the X-ray Baldwin effect in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Evolution of quasar stochastic variability along its main sequence
• Exploring the Diversity of Type 1 Active Galactic Nuclei Identified in SDSS-IV/SPIDERS
• Ultraviolet Emission-Line Correlations in Hubble/COS Spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei: Single-Epoch Black Hole Masses
• Detection of faint broad emission lines in type 2 AGN: I. Near infrared observations and spectral fitting
• Disk-Jet Connection in Active Supermassive Black Holes in the Standard Accretion Disk Regime
• Kinetic energy transfer from X-ray ultrafast outflows to mm/sub-mm cold molecular outflows in Seyfert galaxies
• Confronting X-ray Emission Models with the Highest-Redshift Kiloparsec-scale Jets: the z=3.89 Jet in Quasar 1745+624
• Determination of the properties of the central engine in microlensed QSOs
• Constraining the quasar population with the broad-line width distribution
• Self-Gravitating Eccentric Disk Models for the Double Nucleus of M31
• Simultaneous H alpha and dust reverberation mapping of 3C120: Testing the bowl-shaped torus geometry
• Unveiling the nature of INTEGRAL objects through optical spectroscopy. IX. 22 more identifications, and a glance into the far hard X-ray Universe
• Calibrating Mg II-based black-hole mass estimators using Low-to-High-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei
• J004457+4123 (Sharov 21): not a remarkable nova in M31 but a background quasar with a spectacular UV flare
• No evidence for a significant evolution of $M_{\bullet }$-$M_{\ast }$ relation in massive galaxies up to z$\sim$4
• BL Lacertae: X-ray spectral evolution and a black-hole mass estimate
• Reaching the Peak of the quasar spectral energy distribution - II. Exploring the accretion disc, dusty torus and host galaxy
• Black Hole Masses and Star Formation Rates of z >1 Dust Obscured Galaxies (DOGs): Results from Keck OSIRIS Integral Field Spectroscopy
• Modelling the AGN broad line region using single-epoch spectra II. Nearby AGN
• Near Infrared Spectra and Intrinsic Luminosities of Candidate Type II Quasars at 2 < z < 3.4
• Stellar and gaseous velocity dispersions in type II AGNs at 0.3<z<0.83 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Variability of Moderate Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei at z=0.36
• Downsizing of supermassive black holes from the SDSS quasar survey (II). Extension to z~4
• The Formation and Evolution of the First Massive Black Holes
• The black hole mass of the $z=2.805$ multiply imaged quasar SDSS J2222+2745 from velocity-resolved time lags of the CIV emission line
• PKS 0743$-$67: An Ultra-luminous Accretion Disk and a High Kinetic Luminosity Jet
• A possible line-like emission feature at 8 keV in the Seyfert 1.2 UGC 3973
• High-redshift quasar host galaxies with adaptive optics
• The low-metallicity QSO HE 2158-0107: A massive galaxy growing by the accretion of nearly pristine gas from its environment?
• Relation between the variations in the MgII $\lambda 2798$ emission-line and the 3000 Å continuum
• Gemini-South + FLAMINGOS Demonstration Science: Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of the z=5.77 Quasar SDSS J083643.85+005453.3
• The Effect of Variability on the Estimation of Quasar Black Hole Masses
• Active Galactic Nuclei with Double-Peaked Balmer Lines: I. Black Hole Masses and the Eddington ratios
• Characterization of a sample of intermediate-type AGN. I. Spectroscopic properties and serendipitous discovery of new Dual AGN
• CO line width and the black hole -- bulge relationship at high redshift
• The central engine of the highest redshift blazar
• Modelling the orientation of accretion disks in quasars using H-alpha emission
• The black hole - host galaxy relation for very low-mass quasars
• Resolving the dynamical mass of a z~1.3 QSO host galaxy using SINFONI and Laser Guide Star assisted Adaptive Optics
• A Limit Relation between Black Hole Mass and H$\beta$ Width: Testing Super-Eddington Accretion in Active Galactic Nuclei
• XMM-Newton observations of warm absorbers in PG quasars
• The Complex Gaseous and Stellar environments of the nearby dual AGN Mrk 739
• Timescales of Soft X-Ray Variability and Physical Constraints in Agns
• X-ray timing and spectral analysis of reverberating active galactic nuclei
• Modelling the AGN broad line region using single-epoch spectra I. The test case of Arp 151
• CIV emission line properties and uncertainties in black hole mass estimates of z ~ 3.5 quasars
• A Little Red Dot at $\mathbf{z}=7.3$ within a Large Galaxy Overdensity
• Estimating Black Hole Masses in Hundreds of Quasars
• A powerful (and likely young) radio-loud quasar at z=5.3
• Robotic reverberation mapping of the broad-line radio galaxy 3C 120
• Estimating black hole masses: Accretion disk fitting versus reverberation mapping and single epoch
• Linear Spectropolarimetric Analysis of Fairall 9 with VLT/FORS2
• Correlation between Line Width and Line Flux of Double-Peaked Broad Halpha of 3C390.3
• Black hole virial masses from single-epoch photometry: the miniJPAS test case
• Active Galaxies and the Study of Black Hole Demographics
• Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Quasars at z~3 and Estimates of Their Supermassive Black Hole Masses
• An observational link between AGN Eddington ratio and [NII]λ6583/Ha at 0.6<z<1.7
• Eddington Ratios of Dust-obscured Quasars at $z\lesssim 1$: Evidence Supporting Dust-obscured Quasars as Young Quasars
• Stacked reverberation lags at high redshift
• M94 As A Unique Testbed for Black Hole Mass Estimates and AGN Activity At Low Luminosities
• Characterising SMSS J2157--3602, the most luminous known quasar, with accretion disc models
• Toward Precision Measurement of Central Black Hole Masses
• The low-mass end of the Mbh/Mhost relation in quasars
• How Similar are the Properties of Quasars with Nearly Identical Ultraviolet Spectra?
• More Evidence for the Intermediate Broad Line Region of the Mapped AGN PG 0052+251
• A nearby luminous AGN sample optically selected from Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
• Spectropolarimetric measurements of hidden broad lines in nearby megamaser galaxies: a lack of clear evidence for a correlation between black hole masses and virial products
• High-redshift quasar selection from the CFHQSIR survey
• Composite reverberation mapping
• A possible bias on the estimate of Lbol/Ledd in AGN as a function of luminosity and redshift
• Variability of Broad and Blueshifted Component of [OIII]$\lambda$5007 in IZWI
• An XMM-Newton view of the X-ray flat radio-quiet quasar PG 1416-129
• Rest-frame optical continua of L ~ L*, z>3 quasars: probing the faint end of the high z quasar luminosity function
• Relativistic Reflection Modeling in AGN and Related Variability from PCA: A Brief Review
• Quasars and their host galaxies
• Characterization of the continuum and kinematical properties of nearby NLS1
• Intermediate Mass Black Holes: A brief review
• Spectral Energy Distribution Variations of Nearby Seyfert Galaxies During AGN Watch Monitoring Programs
• Rapidly Spinning Black Holes in Quasars: An Open Question
• X-ray analysis of the accreting supermassive black hole in the radio galaxy PKS 2251+11
• The Galaxy Activity, Torus, and Outflow Survey (GATOS). Black hole mass estimation using machine learning
• Black Hole masses for 14 gravitational lensed quasars
• Amoeba: An AGN Model of Optical Emissions Beyond steady-state Accretion discs
• The broad band SEDs of four 'hypervariable' AGN
• Quasar Mass Functions Across Cosmic Time
• Precision near-IR spectroscopy for understanding AGN physics and shed light on the H0 tension -- SHARP Science Book
• SDSS J153231.80+420342.7: a triple black hole candidate with a close binary black hole
• Indicators of Black Hole Mass and Eddington Accretion Ratio from QSO X-ray and UV Spectra
• Probing Quasar Viewing Angle with the Variability Structure Function