Exploring the Diversity of Type 1 Active Galactic Nuclei Identified in SDSS-IV/SPIDERS

Abstract

We present a statistical analysis of the optical properties of an X-ray selected Type 1 AGN sample, using high signal to-noise ratio ($S/N>20$) spectra of the counterparts of the ROSAT/2RXS sources in the footprint of the SDSS-IV/SPIDERS (Spectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources) programme. The final sample contains 2100 sources. It significantly extends the redshift and luminosity ranges ($\mathrm{z}\sim 0.01-0.80$ and ${\mathrm{L}}_{0.1-2.4\mathrm{keV}}$ ~ $2.0\times 10^{41}$ - $1.0\times 10^{46}\mathrm{erg}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ ) used so far in this kind of analysis. By means of a Principal Component Analysis, we derive Eigenvector (EV) 1 and 2 in an eleven dimensional optical and X-ray parameter space, which are consistent with previous results. The validity of the correlations of the Eddington ratio $L/{\mathrm{L}}_{\mathrm{Edd}}$ with EV1 and the black hole mass with EV2 are strongly confirmed These results imply that $L/{\mathrm{L}}_{\mathrm{Edd}}$ and black hole mass are related to the diversity of the optical properties of Type 1 AGN. Investigating the relation of the width and asymmetry of $\mathrm{H}\beta$ and the relative strength of the iron emission ${\mathrm{r}}_{\mathrm{FeII}}$ , we show that our analysis supports the presence of a distinct kinematic region: the Very Broad Line Region. Furthermore, comparing sources with a red-asymmetric broad $\mathrm{H}\beta$ emission line to sources for which it is blue-asymmetric, we find an intriguing difference in the correlation of the FeII and the continuum emission strengths. We show that this contrasting behaviour is consistent with a flattened, stratified model of the Broad Line Region, in which the FeII emitting region is shielded from the central source.

Resubmitted, after taking into account the referee's comments. The catalogue by Coffey et al. (2019), can be found at https://www.sdss.org/dr14/data_access/value-added-catalogs/

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Cited by in corpus (17)

• The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS): X-ray emission around star-forming and quiescent galaxies at $0.05<z<0.3$
• Testing AGN outflow and accretion models with CIV and HeII emission line demographics in z=2 quasars
• The final SDSS-IV/SPIDERS X-ray point source spectroscopic catalogue
• The CaFe Project: Optical Fe II and Near-Infrared Ca II triplet emission in active galaxies -- simulated EWs, the co-dependence of cloud sizes and metal content
• The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS): Complex absorption and soft excesses in hard X-ray--selected active galactic nuclei
• Calibrating Mg II-based black-hole mass estimators using Low-to-High-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei
• High-redshift quasars along the Main Sequence
• The Properties of Low-Redshift FeLoBAL Quasars: III. The Location and Geometry of the Outflows
• The Physical Properties of Low-Redshift FeLoBAL Quasars: II. The Rest-Frame Optical Emission Line Properties
• The Main Sequence of quasars: the taming of the extremes
• The first look at Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies with eROSITA
• Statistical analysis of AlIII 1860 and CIII] 1909 emission lines as virial black hole mass estimators in quasars
• Linear Spectropolarimetric Analysis of Fairall 9 with VLT/FORS2
• A comparative study of the physical properties for a representative sample of Narrow and Broad-line Seyfert galaxies
• Machine learning applications for the study of AGN physical properties using photometric observations
• Exploring the links between quasar winds and radio emission along the Main Sequence at high redshift
• Shedding the envelope: JWST reveals a kiloparsec-scale [OIII]-weak Balmer shell around a z=7.64 quasar