The black hole mass of the $z=2.805$ multiply imaged quasar SDSS J2222+2745 from velocity-resolved time lags of the CIV emission line

Abstract

We present the first results of a 4.5 year monitoring campaign of the three bright images of multiply imaged $z=2.805$ quasar SDSS J2222+2745 using the Gemini North Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS-N) and the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT). We take advantage of gravitational time delays to construct light curves surpassing 6 years in duration and achieve average spectroscopic cadence of 10 days during the 8 months of visibility per season. Using multiple secondary calibrators and advanced reduction techniques, we achieve percent-level spectrophotometric precision and carry out an unprecedented reverberation mapping analysis, measuring both integrated and velocity-resolved time lags for CIV. The full line lags the continuum by ${\tau }_{\mathrm{cen}}=36.5_{-3.9}^{+2.9}$ rest-frame days. We combine our measurement with published CIV lags and derive the $r_{\mathrm{BLR}}-L$ relationship ${\log }_{10}(\tau /\mathrm{day})=(1.00\pm 0.08)+(0.48\pm 0.04){\log }_{10}[\lambda L_{\lambda }(1350\mathring{A})/10^{44}{\mathrm{erg}\mathrm{s}}^{-1}]$ with 0.32$\pm$0.06 dex intrinsic scatter. The velocity-resolved lags are consistent with circular Keplerian orbits, with ${\tau }_{\mathrm{cen}}=86.2_{-5.0}^{+4.5}$, $25_{-15}^{+11}$, and $7.5_{-3.5}^{+4.2}$ rest-frame days for the core, blue wing, and red wing, respectively. Using ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{line}}$ with the mean spectrum and assuming ${\log }_{10}(f_{\mathrm{mean},\sigma })=0.52\pm 0.26$, we derive ${\log }_{10}(M_{\mathrm{BH}}/M_{\odot })=8.63\pm 0.27$. Given the quality of the data, this system represents a unique benchmark for calibration of $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$ estimators at high redshift. Future work will present dynamical modeling of the data to constrain the virial factor $f$ and $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$.

21 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables, submitted to ApJ

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