Dark, Cold, and Noisy: Constraining Secluded Hidden Sectors with Gravitational Waves

Abstract

We explore gravitational wave signals arising from first-order phase transitions occurring in a secluded hidden sector, allowing for the possibility that the hidden sector may have a different temperature than the Standard Model sector. We present the sensitivity to such scenarios for both current and future gravitational wave detectors in a model-independent fashion. Since secluded hidden sectors are of particular interest for dark matter models at the MeV scale or below, we pay special attention to the reach of pulsar timing arrays. Cosmological constraints on light degrees of freedom restrict the number of sub-MeV particles in a hidden sector, as well as the hidden sector temperature. Nevertheless, we find that observable first-order phase transitions can occur. To illustrate our results, we consider two minimal benchmark models: a model with two gauge singlet scalars and a model with a spontaneously broken $U(1)$ gauge symmetry in the hidden sector.

arXiv comment37 pages, 12 figures. Noise and PLI sensitivity curves are included in the source directory

References in corpus (66)

• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• The Temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background
• Sensitivity Studies for Third-Generation Gravitational Wave Observatories
• Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: 2015
• Possibility of Direct Measurement of the Acceleration of the Universe Using 0.1 Hz Band Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Antenna in Space
• Science with the space-based interferometer eLISA. II: Gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions
• Cosmological Backgrounds of Gravitational Waves
• Gravitational Radiation from First-Order Phase Transitions
• Relic neutrino decoupling including flavour oscillations
• Detecting a stochastic background of gravitational radiation: Signal processing strategies and sensitivities
• Gravitational-wave sensitivity curves
• Beyond LISA: Exploring Future Gravitational Wave Missions
• The construction and use of LISA sensitivity curves
• Energy Budget of Cosmological First-order Phase Transitions
• Gravitational Wave Production by Collisions: More Bubbles
• Sensitivity curves for searches for gravitational-wave backgrounds
• Numerical simulations of acoustically generated gravitational waves at a first order phase transition
• Scientific Objectives of Einstein Telescope
• New Parallaxes of Galactic Cepheids from Spatially Scanning the Hubble Space Telescope: Implications for the Hubble Constant
• European Pulsar Timing Array Limits On An Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
• The stochastic gravitational wave background from turbulence and magnetic fields generated by a first-order phase transition
• CosmoTransitions: Computing Cosmological Phase Transition Temperatures and Bubble Profiles with Multiple Fields
• High-precision timing of 42 millisecond pulsars with the European Pulsar Timing Array
• Shape of the acoustic gravitational wave power spectrum from a first order phase transition
• Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions at the Electroweak Scale and Beyond
• The NANOGrav 11-year Data Set: Pulsar-timing Constraints On The Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background
• The effects of He I 10830 on helium abundance determinations
• Gravitational Waves From a Dark (Twin) Phase Transition
• The Gravitational Wave Background from Cosmological Compact Binaries
• Basics of thermal field theory -- a tutorial on perturbative computations
• Baryon Washout, Electroweak Phase Transition, and Perturbation Theory
• Electroweak Bubble Wall Speed Limit
• Dynamics of Non-renormalizable Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
• The stochastic background: scaling laws and time to detection for pulsar timing arrays
• Gravitational Waves from Warped Spacetime
• Multiband Gravitational-Wave Astronomy: Observing binary inspirals with a decihertz detector, B-DECIGO
• Cosmological Consequences of Nearly Conformal Dynamics at the TeV scale
• Model Discrimination in Gravitational Wave spectra from Dark Phase Transitions
• Galactic binary science with the new LISA design
• Hearing the signals of dark sectors with gravitational wave detectors
• QCD-Electroweak First-Order Phase Transition in a Supercooled Universe
• QCD-induced Electroweak Phase Transition
• Bubble Expansion and the Viability of Singlet-Driven Electroweak Baryogenesis
• Strong gravitational radiation from a simple dark matter model
• Gravitational Waves from First-Order Phase Transitions: LIGO as a Window to Unexplored Seesaw Scales
• Electroweak Baryogenesis from Exotic Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
• Super-cool Dark Matter
• Primordial Anisotropies in the Gravitational Wave Background from Cosmological Phase Transitions
• Cosmological Phase Transitions and their Properties in the NMSSM
• Thermal Dark Matter Below an MeV
• Cosmological Phase Transitions in Warped Space: Gravitational Waves and Collider Signatures
• Gravitational waves from a supercooled electroweak phase transition and their detection with pulsar timing arrays
• Gravitational waves from conformal symmetry breaking
• Probing the size of extra dimension with gravitational wave astronomy
• Scientific Potential of DECIGO Pathfinder and Testing GR with Space-Borne Gravitational Wave Interferometers
• A Thermal Neutrino Portal to Sub-MeV Dark Matter
• BBN constraints on MeV-scale dark sectors. Part I. Sterile decays
• Gravitational Waves from Hidden QCD Phase Transition
• Estimating the sensitivity of pulsar timing arrays
• Gravitational waves from first order electroweak phase transition in models with the $U(1{)}_X^{}$ gauge symmetry
• Gravitational wave from dark sector with dark pion
• Leptophilic dark matter from gauged lepton number: Phenomenology and gravitational wave signatures
• Constraints on Black Hole/Host Galaxy Co-evolution and Binary Stalling Using Pulsar Timing Arrays
• Gravitational waves from dark first order phase transitions and dark photons
• Limiting First Order Phase Transitions in Dark Gauge Sectors from Gravitational Waves experiments
• Six Flavor Quark Matter

Cited by in corpus (129)

• Detecting gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions with LISA: an update
• Cosmology with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• New Sensitivity Curves for Gravitational-Wave Signals from Cosmological Phase Transitions
• Cosmic String Interpretation of NANOGrav Pulsar Timing Data
• Matter-wave Atomic Gradiometer Interferometric Sensor (MAGIS-100)
• Gravitational waves from first-order cosmological phase transitions: lifetime of the sound wave source
• Vorticity, kinetic energy, and suppressed gravitational wave production in strong first order phase transitions
• Beyond the Standard Models with Cosmic Strings
• Gravitational waves from vacuum first order phase transitions II: from thin to thick walls
• Updated predictions for gravitational waves produced in a strongly supercooled phase transition
• Cosmological Background Interpretation of Pulsar Timing Array Data
• Primordial gravitational waves in the nano-Hertz regime and PTA data -- towards solving the GW inverse problem
• Detection of Early-Universe Gravitational Wave Signatures and Fundamental Physics
• Gravitational wave probes of dark matter: challenges and opportunities
• Electroweak bubble wall expansion: gravitational waves and baryogenesis in Standard Model-like thermal plasma
• Primordial Gravitational Waves in Nonstandard Cosmologies
• Whispers from the dark side: Confronting light new physics with NANOGrav data
• Testing the dark SU(N) Yang-Mills theory Confined Landscape: From the Lattice to Gravitational Waves
• Maximizing Direct Detection with Highly Interactive Particle Relic Dark Matter
• Baryogenesis and gravity waves from a UV-completed electroweak phase transition
• On bubble collisions in strongly supercooled phase transitions
• On the gravitational wave sources from the NANOGrav 12.5-yr data
• Constraining cosmological phase transitions with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Gravitational wave probes of axion-like particles
• Observational prospects for gravitational waves from hidden or dark chiral phase transitions
• A fresh look at the gravitational-wave signal from cosmological phase transitions
• Electroweak phase transition with spontaneous $Z_2$-breaking
• Spectrum of Primordial Gravitational Waves in Modified Gravities: A Short Overview
• Gravitational waves from first-order phase transitions in LISA: reconstruction pipeline and physics interpretation
• Gravitational waves from colliding vacuum bubbles in gauge theories
• Echo of the Dark: gravitational waves from dark SU(3) Yang-Mills theory
• The Scalar Singlet Extension of the Standard Model: Gravitational Waves versus Baryogenesis
• Supercool Composite Dark Matter Beyond 100 TeV
• Effective field theory approach to thermal bubble nucleation
• Gravitational Waves and Dark Photon Dark Matter from Axion Rotations
• Gravitational Wave Pathway to Testable Leptogenesis
• NANOGrav results and Dark First Order Phase Transitions
• Primordial Gravitational Wave Signals in Modified Cosmologies
• Gravitational Waves as a Probe of Left-Right Symmetry Breaking
• Gravitational Waves from Dark Yang-Mills Sectors
• Dark Confinement and Chiral Phase Transitions: Gravitational Waves vs Matter Representations
• Cosmological Interpretation for the Stochastic Signal in Pulsar Timing Arrays
• Dark Holograms and Gravitational Waves
• Primordial Black Hole Archaeology with Gravitational Waves from Cosmic Strings
• Did we hear the sound of the Universe boiling? Analysis using the full fluid velocity profiles and NANOGrav 15-year data
• Supercool exit: Gravitational waves from QCD-triggered conformal symmetry breaking
• Cosmological Constraints on First-Order Phase Transitions
• Gravitational Imprints of Flavor Hierarchies
• Implications of Gravitational-wave Production from Dark Photon Resonance to Pulsar-timing Observations and Effective Number of Relativistic Species
• The Benefits of Diligence: How Precise are Predicted Gravitational Wave Spectra in Models with Phase Transitions?
• Constraining first-order phase transitions with curvature perturbations
• Turn up the volume: Listening to phase transitions in hot dark sectors
• Lensing of fast radio bursts: future constraints on primordial black hole density with an extended mass function and a new probe of exotic compact fermion and boson stars
• Dynamical Axions and Gravitational Waves
• Quantisation Across Bubble Walls and Friction
• First-order electroweak phase transition in a complex singlet model with ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$ symmetry
• Dark Higgs Bosons at Colliders
• Real scalar phase transitions: a nonperturbative analysis
• Dark Matter and Gravity Waves from a Dark Big Bang
• Chirality of Gravitational Waves in Chern-Simons $f(R)$ Gravity Cosmology
• Filtered pseudo-scalar dark matter and gravitational waves from first order phase transition
• LISA Sensitivity to Gravitational Waves from Sound Waves
• The Supercooling Window at Weak and Strong Coupling
• Gravitational traces of broken gauge symmetries
• Nuclear Fusion Inside Dark Matter
• Dark QCD Matters
• Non-Gaussian Stochastic Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions
• Audible Axions with a Booster: Stochastic Gravitational Waves from Rotating ALPs
• Imprints of Barrow-Tsallis Cosmology in Primordial Gravitational Waves
• Have Pulsar Timing Arrays detected the Hot Big Bang? Gravitational Waves from Strong First Order Phase Transitions in the Early Universe
• One $\mu$ to rule them all: CMB spectral distortions can probe domain walls, cosmic strings and low scale phase transitions
• Probing Early Universe Supercooled Phase Transitions with Gravitational Wave Data
• From quantum gravity to gravitational waves through cosmic strings
• A New Approach to Electroweak Symmetry Non-Restoration
• Universal gravitational-wave signatures from heavy new physics in the electroweak sector
• Upper Bound on Thermal Gravitational Wave Backgrounds from Hidden Sectors
• Glueballs in a Thermal Squeezeout Model
• Gravitational Wave Signals from Multiple Hidden Sectors
• Gravitational Wave Imprints of Left-Right Symmetric Model with Minimal Higgs Sector
• Gravitational Wave Echo of Relaxion Trapping
• A two-component vector WIMP -- fermion FIMP dark matter model with an extended seesaw mechanism
• Dark photon dark matter from a rolling inflaton
• Amplification of the Primordial Gravitational Waves Energy Spectrum by a Kinetic Scalar in $F(R)$ Gravity
• Dark Matter Candidates and Searches
• Gravitational waves from neutrino mass and dark matter genesis
• Hunting WIMPs with LISA: Correlating dark matter and gravitational wave signals
• Stealth dark matter confinement transition and gravitational waves
• Updated constraints on Georgi-Machacek model, and its electroweak phase transition and associated gravitational waves
• Detecting circular polarisation in the stochastic gravitational-wave background from a first-order cosmological phase transition
• Sensitivity to Dark Sector Scales from Gravitational Wave Signatures
• LIGO as a probe of Dark Sectors
• Gravitational waves from bubble collisions in FLRW spacetime
• Constraints on new physics around the MeV scale with cosmological observations
• Self Consistent Thermal Resummation: A Case Study of the Phase Transition in 2HDM
• Gravitational waves and dark matter from classical scale invariance
• Asymmetric dark matter with a spontaneously broken $U(1{)}^{\prime }$: self-interaction and gravitational waves
• Large Primordial Fluctuations in Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions
• Chiral gravitational waves and primordial black holes in UV-protected Natural Inflation
• Gravitational Waves From Dark Sectors, Oscillating Inflatons, and Mass Boosted Dark Matter
• Anatomy of the Electroweak Phase Transition for Dark Sector induced Baryogenesis
• A Strongly First-Order Electroweak Phase Transition from Loryons
• Gravitational waves from strong first order phase transitions
• On Particle Production from Phase Transition Bubbles
• Testing Unification and Dark Matter with Gravitational Waves
• Glueball dark matter, precisely
• Model-independent features of gravitational waves from bubble collisions
• Prospecting bipartite Dark Matter through Gravitational Waves
• Gravitational waves and tadpole resummation: Efficient and easy convergence of finite temperature QFT
• Asymmetric Dark Matter from Gravitational Waves
• Cosmology from String T-duality and zero-point length
• Baryogenesis and Dark Matter in Multiple Hidden Sectors
• Present and Future constraints on Secluded Dark Matter in the Galactic Halo with TeV Gamma-ray Observatories
• Gravitational Wave Signatures of Gauged Baryon and Lepton Number
• Gravitational tests of electroweak relaxation
• Gravitational wave signatures of first-order phase transition in two-component dark matter model
• PT2GWFinder: A Package for Cosmological First-Order Phase Transitions and Gravitational Waves
• Gravitational waves from first-order phase transitions in Majoron models of neutrino mass
• Gravitational Wave Signatures of Primordial Black Hole Reheating in Upcoming Interferometry Missions
• Thermal evolution of dark matter and gravitational-wave production in the early universe from a symplectic glueball model
• Gravitational waves from patterns of electroweak symmetry breaking: an effective perspective
• Shedding Light on Dark Sectors with Gravitational Waves
• Supercooled Audible Axions
• Axion Dark Matter Archaeology with Primordial Gravitational Waves
• Non-perturbative quantum Yang--Mills at finite temperature beyond lattice: a Dyson--Schwinger approach
• Gauge-independent Gravitational Waves from Cogenesis in a $B-L$ Conserving Universe
• Hard thermal contributions to phase transition observables at NNLO
• Gravitational waves from the sound shell model: direct and inverse phase transitions in the early Universe
• Gravitational Wave Mountains: current-carrying domain walls
• Probing the Neutrino Seesaw Scale with Gravitational Waves