Gravitational wave probes of dark matter: challenges and opportunities

Abstract

In this white paper, we discuss the prospects for characterizing and identifying dark matter using gravitational waves, covering a wide range of dark matter candidate types and signals. We argue that present and upcoming gravitational wave probes offer unprecedented opportunities for unraveling the nature of dark matter and we identify the most urgent challenges and open problems with the aim of encouraging a strong community effort at the interface between these two exciting fields of research.

arXiv comment17 pages, 2 figures. Comments welcome. v2: Added references and minor corrections

References in corpus (265)

• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• The Structure of Cold Dark Matter Halos
• Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
• GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs
• Theory and phenomenology of two-Higgs-doublet models
• Cold and Fuzzy Dark Matter
• Did LIGO detect dark matter?
• New cosmological constraints on primordial black holes
• Sensitivity Studies for Third-Generation Gravitational Wave Observatories
• Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: 2015
• New CAST Limit on the Axion-Photon Interaction
• Limits on the Macho Content of the Galactic Halo from the EROS-2 Survey of the Magellanic Clouds
• Primordial Black Hole Scenario for the Gravitational-Wave Event GW150914
• Science with the space-based interferometer eLISA. II: Gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions
• Cosmological Backgrounds of Gravitational Waves
• Binary Black Hole Population Properties Inferred from the First and Second Observing Runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo
• Primordial Black Holes - Perspectives in Gravitational Wave Astronomy -
• Is There a Hot Electroweak Phase Transition at $m_H\gsim m_W$?
• Test of the Equivalence Principle Using a Rotating Torsion Balance
• Dark matter annihilation at the galactic center
• Density Perturbations and Black Hole Formation in Hybrid Inflation
• Implications of the Neutron Star Merger GW170817 for Cosmological Scalar-Tensor Theories
• Black holes, gravitational waves and fundamental physics: a roadmap
• The international pulsar timing array project: using pulsars as a gravitational wave detector
• Supersymmetric Q-balls as dark matter
• Exploring the String Axiverse with Precision Black Hole Physics
• Dynamical Boson Stars
• Can environmental effects spoil precision gravitational-wave astrophysics?
• Update on scalar singlet dark matter
• Discovering the QCD Axion with Black Holes and Gravitational Waves
• Scientific Objectives of Einstein Telescope
• European Pulsar Timing Array Limits On An Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
• Microlensing constraints on primordial black holes with the Subaru/HSC Andromeda observation
• The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array Project
• Nonperturbative Dynamics Of Reheating After Inflation: A Review
• Vector Dark Matter from Inflationary Fluctuations
• Massive Primordial Black Holes from Hybrid Inflation as Dark Matter and the seeds of Galaxies
• Cosmic microwave background limits on accreting primordial black holes
• The International Pulsar Timing Array: First Data Release
• The merger rate of primordial-black-hole binaries
• Shape of the acoustic gravitational wave power spectrum from a first order phase transition
• Gravitational Waves Induced by non-Gaussian Scalar Perturbations
• Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions at the Electroweak Scale and Beyond
• Relativistic second-order perturbations of the Einstein-de Sitter Universe
• Gravitational wave background as a probe of the primordial black hole abundance
• Strong Electroweak Phase Transitions in the Standard Model with a Singlet
• The NANOGrav 11-year Data Set: Pulsar-timing Constraints On The Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background
• Fundamental Physics with the Square Kilometre Array
• Gravitational Waves from Coalescing Black Hole MACHO Binaries
• Dark Light, Dark Matter and the Misalignment Mechanism
• Relic gravitational waves produced after preheating
• First results from the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST)
• Sterile neutrinos, dark matter, and the pulsar velocities in models with a Higgs singlet
• Gravitational Waves From a Dark (Twin) Phase Transition
• Gravitational wave searches for ultralight bosons with LIGO and LISA
• Theory and Numerics of Gravitational Waves from Preheating after Inflation
• Constraints on MACHO Dark Matter from Compact Stellar Systems in Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxies
• A Dark-Matter Spike at the Galactic Center?
• Formation and Evolution of Primordial Black Hole Binaries in the Early Universe
• Oscillons: Resonant Configurations During Bubble Collapse
• Cosmological dark matter annihilations into gamma-rays - a closer look
• Dark-matter sterile neutrinos in models with a gauge singlet in the Higgs sector
• Testing strong-field gravity with tidal Love numbers
• Gravitational Waves from Primordial Black Hole Mergers
• Black Hole Superradiance Signatures of Ultralight Vectors
• Probing Ultralight Bosons with Binary Black Holes
• Superradiant Instability and Backreaction of Massive Vector Fields around Kerr Black Holes
• Nonthermal Supermassive Dark Matter
• CMB bounds on disk-accreting massive Primordial Black Holes
• Oscillons After Inflation
• Testing Electroweak Baryogenesis with Future Colliders
• Black holes as particle detectors: evolution of superradiant instabilities
• Ultra-Low Frequency Gravitational Radiation from Massive Black Hole Binaries
• A Non-Perturbative Analysis of the Finite T Phase Transition in SU(2)xU(1) Electroweak Theory
• Search for ultralight scalar dark matter with atomic spectroscopy
• Relic Abundance of Dark Photon Dark Matter
• Electroweak baryogenesis and dark matter from a singlet Higgs
• Inflationary primordial black holes for the LIGO gravitational wave events and pulsar timing array experiments
• Limits on stellar-mass compact objects as dark matter from gravitational lensing of type Ia supernovae
• Pulsar timing signal from ultralight scalar dark matter
• The Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter - LISA Serendipity
• Searching for an oscillating massive scalar field as a dark matter candidate using atomic hyperfine frequency comparisons
• Stochastic Gravitational Wave Production After Inflation
• Self-resonance after inflation: oscillons, transients and radiation domination
• Gravitational waves from vacuum first-order phase transitions: from the envelope to the lattice
• Improved constraints on the primordial power spectrum at small scales from ultracompact minihalos
• The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Into the lair: gravitational-wave signatures of dark matter
• Limiting eccentricity of sub-parsec massive black hole binaries surrounded by self-gravitating gas discs
• Dark Photon Dark Matter Produced by Axion Oscillations
• Black Holes and Massive Remnants
• Clusters of primordial black holes
• Dark Matter Spikes and Annihilation Radiation from the Galactic Center
• Black hole mergers: can gas discs solve the `final parsec' problem?
• Superradiant instabilities of rotating black holes in the time domain
• Instability of wormholes supported by a ghost scalar field. I. Linear stability analysis
• Gravitational Waves from Warped Spacetime
• Gravitational wave, collider and dark matter signals from a scalar singlet electroweak baryogenesis
• Dark, Cold, and Noisy: Constraining Secluded Hidden Sectors with Gravitational Waves
• Dark Matter Effects On Neutron Star Properties
• Time-Dependent Models for Dark Matter at the Galactic Center
• GW170817 Falsifies Dark Matter Emulators
• Fast coalescence of massive black hole binaries from mergers of galactic nuclei: implications for low-frequency gravitational-wave astrophysics
• Distinguishing Boson Stars from Black Holes and Neutron Stars from Tidal Interactions in Inspiraling Binary Systems
• Primordial black hole formation from an axion-like curvaton model
• A New Signature of Dark Matter Annihilations: Gamma-Rays from Intermediate-Mass Black Holes
• Gravitational waves from a first order electroweak phase transition: a brief review
• Vector dark matter production at the end of inflation
• Radio Signals from Axion Dark Matter Conversion in Neutron Star Magnetospheres
• Growth of structure seeded by primordial black holes
• Dark Radiation and Superheavy Dark Matter from Black Hole Domination
• Large-amplitude isothermal fluctuations and high-density dark-matter clumps
• Gravitational Wave Signatures of Highly Compact Boson Star Binaries
• The end of the MACHO era- revisited: new limits on MACHO masses from halo wide binaries
• Spins of primordial black holes formed in the matter-dominated phase of the Universe
• Cosmological Consequences of Nearly Conformal Dynamics at the TeV scale
• Dynamical generation of the weak and Dark Matter scale
• Supermassive Black Hole Binary Evolution in Axisymmetric Galaxies: the final parsec problem is not a problem
• Black Holes' Dark Dress: On the merger rate of a subdominant population of primordial black holes
• Black Hole Binary Formation in the Expanding Universe --- Three Body Problem Approximation ---
• The final-parsec problem in the collisionless limit
• Head-on collisions of boson stars
• A new probe of dark matter properties: gravitational waves from an intermediate mass black hole embedded in a dark matter mini-spike
• A New Probe of Dark Matter and High-Energy Universe Using Microlensing
• Anisotropic stars as ultracompact objects in General Relativity
• Gravitational-Wave Fringes at LIGO: Detecting Compact Dark Matter by Gravitational Lensing
• Dark halos around neutron stars and gravitational waves
• Segue 2: The Least Massive Galaxy
• Primordial Black Holes from Inflaton Fragmentation into Oscillons
• A unified explanation for dark matter and electroweak baryogenesis with direct detection and gravitational wave signatures
• Model Discrimination in Gravitational Wave spectra from Dark Phase Transitions
• Gravitational waves as a probe of dark matter mini-spikes
• Self consistent model for the evolution of eccentric massive black hole binaries in stellar environments: implications for gravitational wave observations
• Probing axions with neutron star inspirals and other stellar processes
• Gravitational waves as a probe of extended scalar sectors with the first order electroweak phase transition
• Primordial black holes from supersymmetry in the early universe
• Dark Quark Nuggets
• Constraints on the induced gravitational wave background from primordial black holes
• Probing Planckian corrections at the horizon scale with LISA binaries
• Searching for Primordial Black Holes in the radio and X-ray sky
• Hunting for Dark Particles with Gravitational Waves
• Merger Rate Distribution of Primordial-Black-Hole Binaries
• WIMPs and stellar-mass primordial black holes are incompatible
• The Clumpiness of Cold Dark Matter: Implications for the Annihilation Signal
• Searching for Dark Photon Dark Matter with Gravitational Wave Detectors
• The Tune of Love and the Nature(ness) of Spacetime
• Probing the existence of ultralight bosons with a single gravitational-wave measurement
• QCD-induced Electroweak Phase Transition
• Asymmetric Dark Stars and Neutron Star Stability
• The dark matter effect on realistic equation of state in neutron stars
• Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter: Almost All or Almost Nothing
• The radio telescope search for the resonant conversion of cold dark matter axions from the magnetized astrophysical sources
• Orbital eccentricities in primordial black holes binaries
• Stimulated axion decay in superradiant clouds around primordial black holes
• Gravitational perturbations from oscillons and transients after inflation
• Parkes Pulsar Timing Array constraints on ultralight scalar-field dark matter
• Novel signatures of dark matter in laser-interferometric gravitational-wave detectors
• Optical Ring Cavity Search for Axion Dark Matter
• Distinguishing Primordial Black Holes from Astrophysical Black Holes by Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer
• Detecting Axion Dark Matter with Radio Lines from Neutron Star Populations
• Asymmetric Dark Matter Stars
• A Cosmological Signature of the Standard Model Higgs Vacuum Instability: Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter
• A Confining Strong First-Order Electroweak Phase Transition
• Pulsar Timing Probes of Primordial Black Holes and Subhalos
• The Supercooled Universe
• Bondi accretion in the early universe
• Insights on the astrophysics of supermassive black hole binaries from pulsar timing observations
• Super-cool Dark Matter
• Primordial Black Holes and $r$-Process Nucleosynthesis
• Primordial black holes from scalar field evolution in the early universe
• Environmental Effects for Gravitational-wave Astrophysics
• On the merger rate of primordial black holes: effects of nearest neighbours distribution and clustering
• Electromagnetic emission from axionic clouds and the quenching of superradiant instabilities
• Cosmological Phase Transitions and their Properties in the NMSSM
• Dark stars: gravitational and electromagnetic observables
• Inflationary theory and pulsar timing investigations of primordial black holes and gravitational waves
• Prospects for axion searches with Advanced LIGO through binary mergers
• Searching for Axion Dark Matter with Birefringent Cavities
• Axion Dark Matter Search with Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detectors
• Formation, Gravitational Clustering and Interactions of Non-relativistic Solitons in an Expanding Universe
• Mini-dark halos with intermediate mass black holes
• Neutron star mergers as a probe of modifications of general relativity with finite-range scalar forces
• Baryogenesis from Strong CP Violation and the QCD Axion
• Axion interferometry
• Audible Axions
• Gravitational Waves from Binary Mergers of Sub-solar Mass Dark Black Holes
• Natural Cold Baryogenesis from Strongly Interacting Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
• Non-thermal Dark Matter Production from the Electroweak Phase Transition: Multi-TeV WIMPs and "Baby-Zillas"
• Dark Matter Density Spikes around Primordial Black Holes
• Hearing without seeing: gravitational waves from hot and cold hidden sectors
• Probing Primordial-Black-Hole Dark Matter with Gravitational Waves
• Observational prospects for gravitational waves from hidden or dark chiral phase transitions
• Non-Primordial Solar Mass Black Holes
• Baryogenesis and Gravitational Waves from Runaway Bubble Collisions
• Novel Constraints on Mixed Dark-Matter Scenarios of Primordial Black Holes and WIMPs
• Astrophysical Limits on Massive Dark Matter
• Collisionally Regenerated Dark Matter Structures in Galactic Nuclei
• Gravitational Wave Emission from Collisions of Compact Scalar Solitons
• Gravitational wave forest from string axiverse
• Structure Formation and Exotic Compact Objects in a Dissipative Dark Sector
• Limits on Black Hole Formation from Cosmic String Loops
• Review of non-topological solitons in theories with $U(1)$-symmetry
• The final parsec problem: aligning a binary with an external accretion disc
• Search for light scalar Dark Matter candidate with AURIGA detector
• Formation and internal structure of superdense dark matter clumps and ultracompact minihaloes
• Gravitational waves from fragmentation of a primordial scalar condensate into Q-balls
• Multi-wavelength astronomical searches for primordial black holes
• Detecting Dark Blobs
• Searching for Dark Photon Dark Matter in LIGO O1 Data
• Can Dark Matter Annihilation Dominate the Extragalactic Gamma-Ray Background?
• Either neutralino dark matter or cuspy dark halos
• Examining The Fermi-LAT Third Source Catalog In Search Of Dark Matter Subhalos
• Gravitational Waves from Dark Boson Star binary mergers
• Probing Dark Matter Substructure with Pulsar Timing
• Pulsar timing can constrain primordial black holes in the LIGO mass window
• Investigating dark matter substructure with pulsar timing: I. Constraints on ultracompact minihalos
• Gravitational Waves from a Pati-Salam Phase Transition
• GW170817/GRB 170817A/AT2017gfo association: some implications for physics and astrophysics
• Thermally modified sterile neutrino portal dark matter and gravitational waves from phase transition: The Freeze-in case
• Prospects for Detecting Dark Matter Halo Substructure with Pulsar Timing
• Transmuted Gravity Wave Signals from Primordial Black Holes
• Superradiance in rotating stars and pulsar-timing constraints on dark photons
• 3D simulations with boosted primordial power spectra and ultracompact minihalos
• Unraveling the origin of black holes from effective spin measurements with LIGO-Virgo
• Nonlocal star as a blackhole mimicker
• Microlensing towards the SMC: a new analysis of OGLE and EROS results
• Love in Extrema Ratio
• A Unique Multi-Messenger Signal of QCD Axion Dark Matter
• Axion superradiance in rotating neutron stars
• The closest black holes
• Searching for primordial black hole dark matter with pulsar timing arrays
• Leptophilic dark matter from gauged lepton number: Phenomenology and gravitational wave signatures
• Axion star collisions with black holes and neutron stars in full 3D numerical relativity
• Strong constraints on clustered primordial black holes as dark matter
• On the detectability of ultralight scalar field dark matter with gravitational-wave detectors
• Maximum redshift of gravitational wave merger events
• Hidden-Sector Modifications to Gravitational Waves From Binary Inspirals
• Hidden-Sector Spectroscopy with Gravitational Waves from Binary Neutron Stars
• Dynamical Axions and Gravitational Waves
• Cuckoo's Eggs in Neutron Stars: Can LIGO Hear Chirps from the Dark Sector?
• Six Flavor Quark Matter
• Infalling clouds on to supermassive black hole binaries - II. Binary evolution and the final parsec problem
• Primordial Black Holes as Silver Bullets for New Physics at the Weak Scale
• Higgscitement: Cosmological Dynamics of Fine Tuning
• Boson Star from Repulsive Light Scalars and Gravitational Waves
• Positrons from Primordial Black Hole Microquasars and Gamma-ray Bursts
• Conformal vector dark matter and strongly first-order electroweak phase transition
• On the radial stability of ultra compact Schwarzschild stars beyond the Buchdahl limit
• Rapid Merger of Binary Primordial Black Holes: an Implication for GW150914
• Contribution of the hybrid inflation waterfall to the primordial curvature perturbation
• Dark matter subhalos and unidentified sources in the Fermi 3FGL source catalog
• Intermediate Mass Black Holes and Nearby Dark Matter Point Sources: A Critical Reassessment
• Gamma Rays From Dark Matter Subhalos Revisited: Refining the Predictions and Constraints
• Enhanced exploration for primordial black holes using pulsar timing arrays
• Probing Boson Stars with Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals
• Ultracompact minihalos associated with stellar-mass primordial black holes
• Gravitational Radiation Background from Boson Star Binaries
• Cogenesis of LIGO Primordial Black Holes and Dark Matter
• Simple Cosmological Solution to the Higgs Instability Problem in the Chaotic Inflation and Formation of Primordial Black Holes
• A New Probe of Dark Matter-Induced Fifth Force with Neutron Star Inspirals
• Charged neutron stars and observational tests of a dark force weaker than gravity
• Dark Matter Induced Brownian Motion
• A Common Origin of Neutralino Stars and Supermassive Black Holes
• Chiral Phase Transition in Lattice QCD with Wilson Quarks

Cited by in corpus (64)

• Ultra-Light Dark Matter
• Science with the Einstein Telescope: a comparison of different designs
• Cosmology with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• New Horizons for Fundamental Physics with LISA
• Advances in Space Quantum Communications
• Ionization of Gravitational Atoms
• Measuring the dark matter environments of black hole binaries with gravitational waves
• Direct limits for scalar field dark matter from a gravitational-wave detector
• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• Sharp Signals of Boson Clouds in Black Hole Binary Inspirals
• Constraints on dark photon dark matter using data from LIGO's and Virgo's third observing run
• Modeling and searching for a stochastic gravitational-wave background from ultralight vector bosons
• Supercool subtleties of cosmological phase transitions
• Status and perspectives of Continuous Gravitational Wave searches
• Probing the Nature of Black Holes: Deep in the mHz Gravitational-Wave Sky
• Measuring dark matter spikes around primordial black holes with Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer
• Relativistic drag forces on black holes from scalar dark matter clouds of all sizes
• Probing ultralight dark matter with future ground-based gravitational-wave detectors
• Primordial black hole formation with full numerical relativity
• Turn up the volume: Listening to phase transitions in hot dark sectors
• Neutron Stars with Baryon Number Violation, Probing Dark Sectors
• The Supercooling Window at Weak and Strong Coupling
• Revisiting Dark Matter Freeze-in and Freeze-out through Phase-Space Distribution
• Probing new light gauge bosons with gravitational-wave interferometers using an adapted semi-coherent method
• From quantum gravity to gravitational waves through cosmic strings
• Prospects of gravitational waves in the minimal left-right symmetric model
• Searching for ultralight bosons with supermassive black hole ringdown
• Population inference of spin-induced quadrupole moments as a probe for non-black hole compact binaries
• Gravitational wave probes of particle dark matter: a review
• Amplitudes and Polarizations of Quadratic Quasi-Normal Modes for a Schwarzschild Black Hole
• Probing Miracle-less WIMP Dark Matter via Gravitational Waves Spectral Shapes
• Dark Matter Candidates and Searches
• Sharpening the dark matter signature in gravitational waveforms II: Numerical simulations with the NbodyIMRI code
• Explore the Axion Dark Matter through the Radio Signals from Magnetic White Dwarf Stars
• Gravitational wave probes on self-interacting dark matter surrounding an intermediate mass black hole
• Fully Relativistic Treatment of Extreme Mass-Ratio Inspirals in Collisionless Environments
• Secondary accretion of dark matter in intermediate mass-ratio inspirals: Dark-matter dynamics and gravitational-wave phase
• Velocity Distribution of Dark Matter Spike around Schwarzschild Black Holes and Effects on Gravitational Waves from EMRIs
• Sensitivity to Dark Sector Scales from Gravitational Wave Signatures
• Gravitational Waves From Dark Sectors, Oscillating Inflatons, and Mass Boosted Dark Matter
• Dark Matter Mounds: towards a realistic description of dark matter overdensities around black holes
• Probing Stochastic Ultralight Dark Matter with Space-based Gravitational-Wave Interferometers
• Microlensing signatures of extended dark objects using machine learning
• Probing vector gravitational atoms with eccentric intermediate mass-ratio inspirals
• Repository for extended dark matter object constraints
• Prospects of Probing Dark Matter Condensates with Gravitational Waves
• Probing dark-matter effects with gravitational waves using the parameterized post-Einsteinian framework
• Cosmic microwave background constraints on extended dark matter objects
• Universal Density and Velocity Distributions of Dark Matter around Massive Black Holes
• Gravitational Wave emission in Binary Neutron Star early post-merger within a dark environment
• The cosmological constant and scale hierarchies with emergent gauge symmetries
• Scalar fields around black hole binaries in LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA
• Gravitational wave background from primordial black holes in globular clusters
• Field excitation in fuzzy dark matter near a strong gravitational wave source
• Gravitational Wave Signatures of Primordial Black Hole Reheating in Upcoming Interferometry Missions
• Superfluid dark stars
• On Equation of State of Dark Matter around Massive Black Holes
• Dynamical friction from scalar dark matter in the relativistic regime
• Particle Conversions Beyond the WKB Approximation and Solar-Induced Gravitational Waves from Dark Photon Dark Matter
• Mass and spin coevolution of black holes inspiralling through dark matter
• BinaryGFH-v2: Improved method to search for gravitational waves from sub-solar-mass, ultra-compact binaries using the Generalized Frequency-Hough Transform
• Search for planetary-mass ultra-compact binaries using data from the first part of the LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA fourth observing run
• Soliton boson stars, Q-balls and the causal Buchdahl bound
• Study of gravitational waves from phase transitions in three-component dark matter