A conductive topological insulator with colossal spin Hall effect for ultra-low power spin-orbit-torque switching

Abstract

Spin-orbit-torque (SOT) switching using the spin Hall effect (SHE) in heavy metals and topological insulators (TIs) has great potential for ultra-low power magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM). To be competitive with conventional spin-transfer-torque (STT) switching, a pure spin current source with large spin Hall angle (${\theta }_{SH}$ > 1) and high electrical conductivity ($\sigma >10^5{\Omega }^{-1}{m}^{-1}$) is required. Here, we demonstrate such a pure spin current source: BiSb thin films with $\sigma \sim 2.5\ast 10^5{\Omega }^{-1}{m}^{-1}$, ${\theta }_{SH}\sim 52$, and spin Hall conductivity ${\sigma }_{SH}\sim 1.3\ast 10^7\hslash /2e{\Omega }^{-1}{m}^{-1}$ at room temperature. We show that BiSb thin films can generate a colossal spin-orbit field of 2770 Oe/(MA/cm${}^2$) and a critical switching current density as low as 1.5 MA/cm${}^2$ in Bi${}_{0.9}$Sb${}_{0.1}$ / MnGa bi-layers. BiSb is the best candidate for the first industrial application of topological insulators.

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• Transport in two-dimensional topological materials: recent developments in experiment and theory
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• Two-Dimensional Materials for Energy-Efficient Spin-Orbit Torque Devices
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• Intrinsic Spin Hall Conductivity of MoTe2 and WTe2 Semimetals
• Large tunneling magnetoresistance in VSe2/MoS2 magnetic tunnel junction
• Gate-tunable Spin-Galvanic Effect in Graphene Topological insulator van der Waals Heterostructures at Room Temperature
• Fully Spin-transparent magnetic interfaces enabled by insertion of a paramagnetic NiO layer
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• Spin-Orbit Torque and Nernst Effect in Bi-Sb/Co Heterostructures
• Control of spin-orbit torques by interface engineering in topological insulator heterostructures
• Large Spin Anomalous Hall Effect in L1${}_0$-FePt: Symmetry and Magnetization Switching
• Benchmarking of spin-orbit torque switching efficiency in Pt alloys
• Ultrahigh efficient spin-orbit torque magnetization switching in all-sputtered topological insulator - ferromagnet multilayers
• Damping-like Torque in Monolayer 1T-TaS${}_2$
• Resonant photovoltaic effect in doped magnetic semiconductors
• Toward 100% Spin-Orbit Torque Efficiency with High Spin-Orbital Hall Conductivity Pt-Cr Alloys
• Highly efficient nonvolatile magnetization switching and multi-level states by current in single van der Waals topological ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2
• Boosting spintronics with superconductivity
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• Fermi Level Dependent Spin Pumping from a Magnetic Insulator into a Topological Insulator
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• Emerging spintronics phenomena and applications
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• Efficient spin current source using a half-Heusler alloy topological semimetal with Back-End-of-Line compatibility
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• Robust negative longitudinal magnetoresistance and spin-orbit torque in sputtered Pt3Sn topological semimetal
• Efficient Spin-Orbit Torque Generation in Semiconducting WTe2 with Hopping Transport
• Spin-Polarized Fractional Corner Charges and Their Photonic Realization
• Realization of the Chern insulator and Axion insulator phases in antiferromagnetic $MnTe$-$B{i}_2(Se,Te{)}_3$-$MnTe$ heterostructures
• Light and microwave driven spin pumping across FeGaB-BiSb interface
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• Phenomenological model for the direct and inverse Edelstein effects
• Highly Efficient Room-Temperature Nonvolatile Magnetic Switching by Current in Fe3GaTe2 Thin Flakes
• Current-Induced magnetization switching by the high spin Hall conductivity $\alpha$-W
• Bias-field-free spin Hall nano-oscillators with an out-of-plane precession mode
• Spin-orbit torques and spin Hall magnetoresistance generated by twin-free and amorphous Bi0.9Sb0.1 topological insulator films
• Spin-orbit torques and magnetotransport properties of $\alpha$-Sn and $\beta$-Sn heterostructures
• Quantum simulations with multiphoton Fock states
• Spin-orbit torque as a method for field-free detection of in-plane magnetization switching
• Giant Hall Switching by Surface-State-Mediated Spin-Orbit Torque in a Hard Ferromagnetic Topological Insulator
• Topological surface states in strained Dirac semimetal thin films
• Highly Tunable Spin-Orbit Torque and Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in a Topological Insulator Thin Film Attached to Ferromagnetic Layer
• Imaging current control of magnetization in Fe${}_3$GeTe${}_2$ with a widefield nitrogen-vacancy microscope
• Topological nature of the proper spin current and the spin-Hall torque
• Giant spin Hall effect in half-Heusler alloy topological semimetal YPtBi grown at low temperature
• Anomalous sign inversion of spin-orbit torque in ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic bilayer systems due to self-induced spin-orbit torque
• Spin-Hall effect due to the bulk states of topological insulators: Extrinsic contribution to the conserved spin current
• All-electrical spin-to-charge conversion in sputtered Bi${}_x$Se${}_{1-x}$
• Spin transfer torques due to the bulk states of topological insulators
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• Highly fcc-textured Pt-Al alloy films grown on MgO(001) showing enhanced spin Hall efficiency
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• Magneto-transport and Berry phase in magnetically doped Bi${}_{0.97-x}$Sb${}_{0.03}$ single crystals
• Linear Response in Topological Materials
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• Room temperature spin-orbit torque efficiency and magnetization switching in SrRuO3-based heterostructures
• Separation of Artifacts from Spin-Torque Ferromagnetic Resonance Measurements of Spin-Orbit Torque for the Low-Symmetry van der Waals Semi-Metal ZrTe${}_{\text{3}}$
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• Room temperature nonlocal detection of charge-spin interconversion in a topological insulator
• Different spin relaxation property observed in linearly and circularly polarized laser induced terahertz emission from Bi/Co bilayer
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• Experimental observation and spin texture of Dirac node arcs in tetradymite topological metals
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• Giant orbital Hall effect due to the bulk states of 3D topological insulators
• Topological Insulators-Based Magnetic Heterostructure
• Spin Hall Effects in Antiferromagnets
• Spin Hall conductivity in Bi${}_{1-x}$Sb${}_x$ as an experimental test of bulk-boundary correspondence
• Zero-field topological Hall effect in BiSb/MnGa bi-layers as a signature of ground-state skyrmions at room temperature
• Interplay between Topological States and Rashba States as Manifested on Surface Steps at Room Temperature
• Large Spin Hall Effect in High-Entropy Alloy/CoFeB Bilayers
• Ultrafast all-optical generation of pure spin and valley currents
• Numerical analysis of voltage-controlled magnetization switching operation in magnetic-topological-insulator-based devices
• Enhanced Spin Hall Ratio in Two-Dimensional Semiconductors
• Structural Anisotropy in Sb Thin Films
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• Determination of Out-of-plane Spin Polarization of Topological Surface States by Spin Hall Effect Tunneling Spectroscopy
• Current induced magneto-optical Kerr effect as a probe of Dirac carriers in Bi${}_{1-x}$Sb${}_x$ alloy
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