Efficient Spin-Orbit Torque Switching with Non-Epitaxial Chalcogenide Heterostructures

Abstract

The spin-orbit torques (SOTs) generated from topological insulators (TIs) have gained increasing attention in recent years. These TIs, which are typically formed by epitaxially grown chalcogenides, possess extremely high SOT efficiencies and have great potential to be employed in the next-generation spintronics devices. However, epitaxy of these chalcogenides is required to ensure the existence of topologically-protected surface state (TSS), which limits the feasibility of using these materials in industry. In this work, we show that non-epitaxial Bi${}_x$Te${}_{1-x}$/ferromagnet heterostructures prepared by conventional magnetron sputtering possess giant SOT efficiencies even without TSS. Through harmonic voltage measurement and hysteresis loop shift measurement, we find that the damping-like SOT efficiencies originated from the bulk spin-orbit interactions of such non-epitaxial heterostructures can reach values greater than 100% at room temperature. We further demonstrate current-induced SOT switching in these Bi${}_x$Te${}_{1-x}$-based heterostructures with thermally stable ferromagnetic layers, which indicates that such non-epitaxial chalcogenide materials can be potential efficient SOT sources in future SOT magnetic memory devices.

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Cited by in corpus (10)

• Roadmap of spin-orbit torques
• Maximizing Spin-Orbit Torque Generated by the Spin Hall Effect of Pt
• Spin-orbit torque switching of magnetic tunnel junctions for memory application
• Switching of Perpendicular Magnetization by Spin-Orbit Torque
• Efficient spin current source using a half-Heusler alloy topological semimetal with Back-End-of-Line compatibility
• Efficient Spin-Orbit Torque Generation in Semiconducting WTe2 with Hopping Transport
• Antiferromagnetic VdW Phase at the Interface of Sputtered Topological Insulator/Ferromagnet-Bi2Te3/Ni80Fe20 Heterostructures
• Boosting spin-orbit torque efficiency in spin-current generator/magnet/oxide superlattices
• Spin-orbit torque as a method for field-free detection of in-plane magnetization switching
• Giant spin Hall effect in half-Heusler alloy topological semimetal YPtBi grown at low temperature