Large anomalous unidirectional magnetoresistance in a single ferromagnetic layer

Abstract

Unidirectional magnetoresistance (UMR) in a ferromagnetic bilayer due to the spin Hall effects (SHEs) provides a facile means of probing in-plane magnetization to avoid complex magnetic tunnel junctions. However, the UMR signal is very weak and usually requires a lock-in amplifier for detection even in the bilayer involving Ta or Pt with a large spin Hall angle (SHA). Here we report a type of UMR, termed as the anomalous UMR (AUMR), in a single CoFeB layer without any adjacent SHE layers, where the UMR signal is about 10 times larger than that in Ta/CoFeB structures and can be detected by using conventional dc multimeters in the absence of lock-in amplifiers. We further demonstrate that the extracted AUMR by excluding thermal contributions shows reversal signs for the CoFeB and NiFe single layers with opposite SHAs, indicating that the AUMR may originate from the self-generated spin accumulation interacting with magnetization through the giant magnetoresistance-like mechanism. These results suggest that the AUMR contributes UMR signals larger than the interfacial spin Hall UMR in the CoFeB-involved systems, providing a convenient and reliable approach to detect in-plane magnetization for the two-terminal spintronic devices.

22 pages, 6 figures

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• Self-induced spin pumping and inverse spin Hall effect in single FePt thin films
• Asymmetric magnetoresistance in 3$d$-5$d$ based La${}_{0.67}$Ca${}_{0.33}$MnO${}_3$/SrIrO${}_3$ bilayer: The role of unidirectional anisotropy