Planet Migration and Binary Companions: the case of HD 80606b

Abstract

The exo-solar planet HD 80606b has a highly eccentric (e=0.93) and tight (a=0.47 AU) orbit. We study how it might arrive at such an orbit and how it has avoided being tidally circularized until now. The presence of a stellar companion to the host star suggests the possibility that the Kozai mechanism and tidal dissipation combined to draw the planet inward well after it formed: Kozai oscillations produce periods of extreme eccentricity in the planet orbit, and the tidal dissipation that occurs during these periods of small pericentre distances leads to gradual orbital decay. We call this migration mechanism the 'Kozai migration'. It requires that the initial planet orbit is highly inclined relative to the binary orbit. For a companion at 1000 AU and an initial planet orbit at 5 AU, the minimum relative inclination required is ~ 85. We discuss the efficiency of tidal dissipation inferred from the observations of exo-planets. Moreover, we investigate possible explanations for the velocity residual (after the motion induced by the planet is removed) observed on the host star: a second planet in the system is excluded over a large extent of semi-major axis space if Kozai migration is to work, and the tide raised on the star by HD 80606b is likely too small in amplitude. Lastly, we discuss the relevance of Kozai migration for other planetary systems.

arXiv comment11 pages, including 5 figures. accepted to ApJ

References in corpus (9)

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• Eccentricity Evolution for Planets in Gaseous Disks
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• Dynamical Instabilities in Extrasolar Planetary Systems Containing Two Giant Planets
• On the Mass-Period Correlation of the Extrasolar Planets
• HD 80606 b, a planet on an extremely elongated orbit
• The High Eccentricity of the Planet Around 16 Cyg B
• Dynamical Tides in Rotating Binary Stars

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• Orbital alignment of the eccentric warm Jupiter TOI-677 b
• MagAO Imaging of Long-period Objects (MILO). I. A Benchmark M Dwarf Companion Exciting a Massive Planet around the Sun-like Star HD 7449
• XO-2b: a Prograde Planet with a Negligible Eccentricity, and an Additional Radial Velocity Variation
• TOI-1859b: A 64-Day Warm Jupiter on an Eccentric and Misaligned Orbit
• Evidence for Primordial Alignment: Insights from Stellar Obliquity Measurements for Compact Sub-Saturn Systems
• TOI-1670 b and c: An Inner Sub-Neptune with an Outer Warm Jupiter Unlikely to have Originated from High-Eccentricity Migration
• HATS-22b, HATS-23b and HATS-24b: Three new transiting Super-Jupiters from the HATSouth Project
• Extreme eccentricities of triple systems: Analytic results
• Merging Compact Binaries in Hierarchical Triple Systems: Resonant Excitation of Binary Eccentricity
• Tidal damping of the mutual inclination in hierachical systems
• Migration into a Companion's Trap: Disruption of Multiplanet Systems in Binaries
• Asteroid impacts on terrestrial planets: The effects of super-Earths and the role of the ${\nu }_6$ resonance
• The GAPS Programme at TNG: XXXVI. Measurement of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect and revising the physical and orbital parameters of the HAT-P-15, HAT-P-17, HAT-P-21, HAT-P-26, HAT-P-29 eccentric planetary systems
• NGTS-14Ab: a Neptune-sized transiting planet in the desert
• A Secular Resonant Origin for the Loneliness of Hot Jupiters
• A Substellar Companion in a 1.3 yr Nearly-circular Orbit of HD 16760
• The Epoch of Giant Planet Migration Planet Search Program. I. Near-Infrared Radial Velocity Jitter of Young Sun-like Stars
• Molecular tracers of planet formation in the atmospheres of hot Jupiters
• Very Low-Mass Stellar and Substellar Companions to Solar-like Stars From MARVELS VI: A Giant Planet and a Brown Dwarf Candidate in a Close Binary System HD 87646
• Very Low-mass Stellar and Substellar Companions to Solar-like Stars from MARVELS II: A Short-period Companion Orbiting an F Star with Evidence of a Stellar Tertiary And Significant Mutual Inclination
• Prospects from TESS and Gaia to constrain the flatness of planetary systems
• Constraining the orbit of the planet-hosting binary $\tau$ Boötis: Clues about planetary formation and migration
• Statistical Analysis of the Dearth of Super-eccentric Jupiters in the Kepler Sample
• HATS-39b, HATS-40b, HATS-41b, and HATS-42b: Three Inflated Hot Jupiters and a Super-Jupiter Transiting F Stars
• Forming Different Planetary Architectures . I . Formation Efficiency of Hot Jupites from High-eccentricity Mechanisms
• BOWIE-ALIGN: A JWST comparative survey of aligned vs misaligned hot Jupiters to test the dependence of atmospheric composition on migration history
• Dynamical Evolution of Closely Packed Multiple Planetary Systems Subject to Atmospheric Mass-Loss
• A Comparison of Spectroscopic versus Imaging Techniques for Detecting Close Companions to Kepler Objects of Interest
• Giant Outer Transiting Exoplanet Mass (GOT 'EM) Survey. II. Discovery of a Failed Hot Jupiter on a 2.7 Year, Highly Eccentric Orbit
• Hot Jupiter formation in dense clusters: secular chaos in multi-planetary systems
• Transit Timing Variation of XO-3b: Evidence for Tidal Evolution of Hot Jupiter with High Eccentricity
• Inflated Eccentric Migration of Evolving Gas-Giants I: Accelerated Formation and Destruction of Hot and Warm Jupiters
• The Spin-Orbit Alignment of 8 Warm Gas Giant Systems
• The fate of close encounters between binary stars and binary supermassive black holes
• Two Massive Jupiters in Eccentric Orbits from the TESS Full Frame Images
• Exoplanetary Geophysics -- An Emerging Discipline
• Hints for hidden planetary companions to hot Jupiters in stellar binaries
• Detection and Characterization of Extrasolar Planets through Doppler Spectroscopy
• Tidal evolution and diffusive growth during high-eccentricity planet migration: revisiting the eccentricity distribution of hot Jupiters
• Long-term stability of planets in and around binary stars
• A 4.6-year period brown-dwarf companion interacting with the hot-Jupiter CoRoT-20 b
• Orphaned Exomoons: Tidal Detachment and Evaporation Following an Exoplanet-Star Collision
• Multiplicity of stars with planets in the solar neighbourhood
• Can Large-Scale Migration Explain the Giant Planet Occurrence Rate?
• On the Dynamics of Ultra Compact X-ray Binaries: 4U 1850-087, 4U 0513-40 and M15 X-2
• Forming Different Planetary Systems
• A third star in the HAT-P-7 system, and a new dynamical pathway to misaligned hot Jupiters
• On the Detection of Non-Transiting Hot Jupiters in Multiple-Planet Systems
• EPIC 246851721 b: A Tropical Jupiter Transiting a Rapidly Rotating Star in a Well-Aligned Orbit
• Giant Outer Transiting Exoplanet Mass (GOT 'EM) Survey: III. Recovery and Confirmation of a Temperate, Mildly Eccentric, Single-Transit Jupiter Orbiting TOI-2010
• Very Low-mass Stellar and Substellar Companions to Solar-like Stars from Marvels III: A Short-Period Brown Dwarf Candidate Around An Active G0Iv Subgiant
• The PFS view of TOI-677 b: A spin-orbit aligned warm Jupiter in a dynamically hot system
• Tides in the high-eccentricity migration of hot Jupiters: Triggering diffusive growth by nonlinear mode interactions
• A High-Eccentricity Warm Jupiter Orbiting TOI-4127
• Tracing the formation and migration history: molecular signatures in the atmosphere of misaligned hot Jupiter WASP-94Ab using JWST NIRSpec/G395H
• Type I Planet Migration in a Magnetized Disk. I. Effect of Large-Scale Vertical and Azimuthal Field Components
• A brief overview of planet formation
• A possible misaligned orbit for the young planet AU Mic c
• Extremely Inclined Orbit of S-type Planet $\gamma$ Cep Ab Induced by Eccentric Kozai-Lidov Mechanism
• Observable Predictions from Perturber-coupled High-eccentricity Tidal Migration of Warm Jupiters
• Formation of polar circumstellar discs in binary star systems
• On the existence of regular and irregular outer moons orbiting the Pluto-Charon system
• Interesting dynamics at high mutual inclination in the framework of the Kozai problem with an eccentric perturber
• Directly Imaging Tidally Powered Migrating Jupiters
• Planet Formation in Highly Inclined Binary Systems. II. Orbital Alignment or Anti-alignment and Planet Growth Boost in Intermediate Separation Binaries
• Connecting HL Tau to the Observed Exoplanet Sample
• Modified evolution of stellar binaries from supermassive black hole binaries
• Characterization of seven transiting systems including four warm Jupiters from SOPHIE and TESS
• An old warm Jupiter orbiting the metal-poor G-dwarf TOI-5542
• Difficulty in Formation of Counter-orbiting Hot Jupiters from Near-coplanar Hierarchical Triple Systems: A Sub-stellar Perturber
• ATREIDES I. Embarking on a trek across the exo-Neptunian landscape with the TOI-421 system
• Eccentricities of Planets in Binary Systems
• Prospects for detecting the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect of Earth-like planets: the test case of TRAPPIST-1b and c
• Lagrange vs. Lyapunov stability of hierarchical triple systems: dependence on the mutual inclination between inner and outer orbits
• An Analytic Solution to the Kozai-Lidov Evolution Equations
• The Origin of Kepler-419b: A Path to Tidal Migration Via Four-body Secular Interactions
• Hot Jupiter engulfment by a red giant in 3D hydrodynamics
• Archival VLT/NaCo multiplicity investigation of exoplanet host stars
• Architecture of three-planet systems predicted from the observed protoplanetary disk of HL Tau
• Making hot Jupiters in stellar clusters: the importance of binary exchange
• An Edge-On Orbit for the Eccentric Long-Period Planet HR 5183 b
• A direct N-body integrator for modelling the chaotic, tidal dynamics of multi-body extrasolar systems: TIDYMESS
• Discovery of a cold giant planet and mass measurement of a hot super-Earth in the multi-planetary system WASP-132
• The inflated, eccentric warm Jupiter TOI-4914 b orbiting a metal-poor star, and the hot Jupiters TOI-2714 b and TOI-2981 b
• Evidence for Primordial Alignment II: Insights from Stellar Obliquity Measurements for Hot Jupiters in Compact Multiplanet Systems
• Strong NUV Refractory Absorption and Dissociated Water in the Hubble Transmission Spectrum of the Ultra Hot Jupiter KELT-20 b
• Pervasive Orbital Eccentricities Dictate the Habitability of Extrasolar Earths
• Assessing the spin-orbit obliquity of low-mass planets in the breaking the chain formation model: A story of misalignment
• High-Contrast Imaging of Intermediate-Mass Giants with Long-Term Radial Velocity Trends
• A catalog of collected debris disks: properties, classifications and correlations between disks and stars/planets
• BEAST detection of a brown dwarf and a low-mass stellar companion around the young bright B star HIP 81208
• Possible Outcomes of Coplanar High-eccentricity Migration: Hot Jupiters, Close-in Super-Earths, and Counter-orbiting Planets
• Two neighbours of the ultra-short-period Earth-sized planet K2-157 b in the warm Neptunian savanna
• Constraining Planetary Migration and Tidal Dissipation with Coeval Hot Jupiters
• Secular resonance of inner test particles in hierarchical planetary systems
• Tentative Evidence for Transit Timing Variations of WASP-161b
• NIRPS and TESS reveal a peculiar system around the M dwarf TOI-756: A transiting sub-Neptune and a cold eccentric giant
• Planet Across Space and Time (PAST). VII. The origin and tidal evolution of hot Jupiters constrained by a broken age-frequency relation
• Resonance capture and long-term evolution of planets in binary star systems
• Tidal Oscillations of Rotating Hot Jupiters
• A white dwarf bound to the transiting planetary system WASP-98
• Common envelope evolution and triple dynamics as potential pathways to form the inner white dwarf + brown dwarf binary of the triple star system Gaia 0007-1605
• Orbital Dynamics with the Gravitational Perturbation due to a Disk
• Induced Kozai Migration and Formation of Close-in Planets in Binaries
• A multi-technique detection of an eccentric giant planet around accelerating star HD 57625
• TOI-1743 b, TOI-5799 b, TOI-5799 c and TOI-6223 b: TESS discovery and validation of four super-Earth to Neptune-sized planets around M dwarfs
• Production of hot Jupiter candidates from high-eccentricity mechanisms for different initial planetary mass configurations
• Architecture of planetary systems predicted from protoplanetary disks observed with ALMA II: evolution outcomes and dynamical stability
• The Solar Neighborhood LII: M Dwarf Twin Binaries -- Presumed Identical Twins Appear Fraternal in Variability, Rotation, H$\alpha$, and X-rays
• Know the Star, Know the Planet. V. Characterization of the Stellar Companion to the Exoplanet Host HD 177830
• A high stellar multiplicity rate amongst TESS planet candidates in the Neptunian desert using Gaia DR3 astrometry
• A Trio of Giant Planets Orbiting Evolved Star HD 184010
• Planetary architectures under the influence of a stellar binary
• The Wanderer: Charting WASP-77A b's Formation and Migration Using a System-Wide Inventory of Carbon and Oxygen Abundances
• A tidally detached super Neptune on a strongly misaligned retrograde orbit
• A new concept for the combination of optical interferometers and high-resolution spectrographs
• The Formation of Double Hot Jupiter Systems through von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai Migration
• On the Ordering of Exoplanet Systems
• TOI-3362b: A Proto-Hot Jupiter Undergoing High-Eccentricity Tidal Migration
• Hot Jupiter formation in dense stellar clusters: A Monte Carlo model applied to 47 Tucanae
• TOI-1259Ab: A Warm Jupiter Orbiting a K-dwarf White-Dwarf Binary is on a Well-aligned Orbit
• Secular dynamics of stellar spin driven by planets inside Kozai-Lidov resonance
• Breaking the Mass Inclination Degeneracy of Radial Velocity Measurements via Monitoring von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai Cycles: Implications in the HD 41004 System
• A transiting hot Jupiter with two outer siblings orbiting an intermediate-mass post main-sequence star
• Binary Dynamics and Mergers in a Stellar Disk and the Formation of Dusty Objects in the Galactic Center
• A Homogeneous Catalog of Rossiter-McLaughlin Systems: Distinct $e$-$\lambda$ Trends in Three Gas-Giant Mass Regimes
• TOI-7154b: A Close-in Massive Brown Dwarf in an Eccentric Orbit
• JWST unveils a high mean molecular weight atmosphere for mini-Neptune TOI-1130b: Evidence for formation beyond the water ice line
• Orbital alignment of HD 332231 b
• K2-99 revisited: a non-inflated warm Jupiter, and a temperate giant planet on a 522-d orbit around a subgiant
• Inflated Eccentric Migration of evolving gas giants II: Numerical methodology and basic concepts
• Revisiting the dynamics of planets in binaries: evolutionary timescales and the effect of early stellar evolution
• AU Mic b is the Youngest Planet to have a Spin-Orbit Alignment Measurement
• The Influence of General Relativity on the Spins of Celestial Bodies in Inclined Orbits
• Searching for the Grand Tack in Exoplanetary Data
• Evidence for the Late Arrival of Hot Jupiters in Systems with High Host-star Obliquities
• Generating Stellar Obliquity in Systems with Broken Protoplanetary Disks
• Upside down: GJ3090 b the first retrograde exoplanet around an M dwarf detected with NIRPS