An ALMA [CII] survey of 27 quasars at z>5.94

Abstract

We present a survey of the [CII] 158 $\mu$m line and underlying far-infrared (FIR) dust continuum emission in a sample of 27 z>6 quasars using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) at ~1" resolution. The [CII] line was significantly detected (at >5-sigma) in 23 sources (85%). We find typical line luminosities of $L_{[\mathrm{CII}]}=10^{9-10}$ L${}_{\odot }$, and an average line width of ~385 km/s. The [CII]-to-far-infrared luminosity ratio ([CII]/FIR) in our sources span one order of magnitude, highlighting a variety of conditions in the star-forming medium. Four quasar host galaxies are clearly resolved in their [CII] emission on a few kpc scales. Basic estimates of the dynamical masses of the host galaxies give masses between $2\times 10^{10}$ and $2\times 10^{11}$ M${}_{\odot }$, i.e., more than an order of magnitude below what is expected from local scaling relations, given the available limits on the masses of the central black holes ($>3\times 10^8$ M${}_{\odot }$, assuming Eddington-limited accretion). In stacked ALMA [CII] spectra of individual sources in our sample, we find no evidence of a deviation from a single Gaussian profile. The quasar luminosity does not strongly correlate with either the [CII] luminosity or equivalent width. This survey (with typical on-source integration times of 8 min) showcases the unparalleled sensitivity of ALMA at millimeter wavelengths, and offers a unique reference sample for the study of the first massive galaxies in the universe.

Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal

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• Accelerated quenching and chemical enhancement of massive galaxies in a $z\sim 4$ gas-rich halo
• Distinguishing the impact and signature of black holes from different origins in early cosmic history
• GA-NIFS: The highly overdense system BR1202-0725 at z $\sim$ 4.7. A double AGN with fast outflows plus eight companion galaxies
• A lack of LAEs within 5Mpc of a luminous quasar in an overdensity at z=6.9: potential evidence of quasar negative feedback at protocluster scales
• Molecular gas and dust properties in $z>7$ quasar hosts
• Constraints On Duty Cycles Of Quasars At Z $\sim$ 6
• Investigating overdensities around z>6 galaxies through ALMA observations of [CII]
• Radio-loud fraction of z>6 quasars
• The SUPERCOLD-CGM survey: \\ I. Probing the extended CO(4-3) Emission of the Circumglactic medium in a sample of 10 Enormous Ly$\alpha$ Nebulae at $z\sim 2$
• Far-Infrared and [CII] observations of a z=7 blazar
• The Case for Thermalization as a Contributor to the [CII] Deficit
• A Spatially-Resolved Survey of Distant Quasar Host Galaxies: II. Photoionization and Kinematics of the ISM
• ALMA 300 pc resolution imaging of a z=6.79 quasar: no evidence for supermassive black hole influence on the [C II] kinematics
• An X-ray fading, UV brightening QSO at $z\approx 6$
• Discovery and characterization of 25 new quasars at 4.6 < z < 6.9 from wide-field multi-band surveys
• The host galaxies of radio-loud quasars at z>5 with ALMA
• Dying of the Light: An X-ray Fading Cold Quasar at z ~ 0.405
• Consistent analysis of the AGN LF in X-ray and MIR in the XMM-LSS field
• High Star Formation Rates of Low Eddington Ratio Quasars at $z\gtrsim 6$
• Is GN-z11 powered by a super-Eddington massive black hole?
• Multi-wavelength properties of three new radio-powerful $z\sim 5.6$ quasi-stellar objects discovered from RACS
• Detection of the [O I] 63 $\mu$m emission line from the $z=6.04$ quasar J2054-0005
• Possible evolution of the circum-galactic medium around QSOs with QSO age and cosmic time revealed by Ly$\alpha$ halos
• When Spectral Modeling Meets Convolutional Networks: A Method for Discovering Reionization-era Lensed Quasars in Multi-band Imaging Data
• Submillimeter signatures from growing supermassive black holes before reionization
• A Closer Look at Two of the Most Luminous Quasars in the Universe
• Comprehensive view on a $z\sim 6.5$ radio-loud QSO: from the radio to the optical/NIR to the X-ray band
• Optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of quasars at $z>6.5$: public data release and composite spectrum
• Are there more galaxies than we see around high-$z$ quasars?
• A Multi-messenger view of Cosmic Dawn: Conquering the Final Frontier
• The evolution of supermassive blackhole mass--bulge mass relation by a semi-analytic model, ${\nu }^2$GC
• Astrophysics with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• Exploring the environment, magnetic fields, and feedback effects of massive high-redshift galaxies with [CII]
• The [NII] 205 $\mu$m line emission from high-z SMGs and QSOs
• Optimizing spectral stacking for 21-cm observations of galaxies: accuracy assessment and symmetrized stacking
• Identification of Intermediate-mass Black Hole Candidates Among a Sample of Sd Galaxies
• A [CII]-158-micron Survey of DLA galaxies at z~4: Observations of Dense and Metal-Enriched Neutral Gas within the Circumgalactic Medium of Star-Forming Galaxies
• The Dawn of Black Holes
• A complete search for redshift z>6.5 quasars in the VIKING survey
• The contribution of supermassive black holes in stripped nuclei to the supermassive black hole population of UCDs and galaxy clusters
• Assessing the dark matter content of two quasar host galaxies at z~6 through gas kinematics
• A Massive Gas Outflow Outside the Line-of-Sight: Imaging Polarimetry of the Blue Excess Hot Dust Obscured Galaxy W0204-0506
• ALMA survey of a massive node of the Cosmic Web at $z\sim 3$. II. A dynamically cold and massive disk galaxy in the proximity of a hyperluminous quasar
• Extreme Galaxy-scale Outflows Are Frequent among Luminous Early Quasars
• Multi-phase investigation of outflows in the circumgalactic and interstellar media of luminous quasars at z~5
• Accretion of Galaxies around Supermassive Black Holes and a Theoretical Model of the Tully-Fisher and M-Sigma Relations
• X-ray stacking reveals average SMBH accretion properties of star-forming galaxies and their cosmic evolution over 4 <~ z <~ 7
• Resolved Neutral Outflow from a Lensed Dusty Star Forming Galaxy at z=2.09
• A scaling relation in [C II]-detected galaxies and its likely application in cosmology
• Interstellar Medium in Extremely High Star-Formation Regions: A Prospect of Observations on the Millimetron Space Observatory
• It is Feasible to Directly Measure Black Hole Masses in the First Galaxies
• ALMA Observations of the Sub-kpc Structure of the Host Galaxy of a z= 6.5 Lensed Quasar: A Rotationally-Supported Hyper-Starburst System at the Epoch of Reionization
• Uncovering the absorbed atomic Universe with the [OI]63um line
• Resolving circumgalactic gas flows around a z$\approx$3.6 quasar using MUSE and ALMA
• The nature of sub-millimetre galaxies II: an ALMA comparison of SMG dust heating mechanisms
• Deep ASKAP EMU Survey of the GAMA23 field: Properties of radio sources
• The Impact of Powerful Jets on the Far-infrared Emission of an Extreme Radio Quasar at z~6