A scaling relation in [C II]-detected galaxies and its likely application in cosmology

Abstract

We identify and investigate a possible correlation between the $[\mathrm{CII}]158\mu \mathrm{m}$ luminosity and linewidth in the $[\mathrm{CII}]$-detected galaxies. Observationally, the strength of the $[\mathrm{CII}]158\mu \mathrm{m}$ emission line is usually stronger than that of the CO emission line and this $[\mathrm{CII}]$ line has been used as another tracer of the galactic characteristics. Moreover, many $[\mathrm{CII}]$-detected galaxies are identified in $z>4$. Motivated by previous studies of the CO luminosity - FWHM correlation relation (LFR) and the available new $[\mathrm{CII}]$ measurements, we compile samples of the $[\mathrm{CII}]$-detected galaxies in the literature and perform the linear regression analysis. The $[\mathrm{CII}]$ LFR is confirmed at a robust level. We also demonstrate the possible application of the $[\mathrm{CII}]$ LFR by utilizing it on the distance measurement of the high-$z$ galaxy. As a result, we extend the cosmic spatial scale beyond the redshift $z$ of $7$. With the outcome of the distance measurement, we constrain the cosmology parameters in the Chevallier-Polarski-Linder model, which considers the evolution of dark energy. Consequently, the uncertainties of the ${\text{w}}_0$ and ${\text{w}}_a$ are reduced significantly when the measured distance data of the $[\mathrm{CII}]$-detected galaxies are included in the cosmological parameter constraint, exemplifying the potential of using the $[\mathrm{CII}]$-detected galaxies as a tracer to constrain the cosmological parameters.

arXiv comment18 pages and 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Yu Gao

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