EIGER V. Characterizing the Host Galaxies of Luminous Quasars at $z\gtrsim 6$

Abstract

We report {\em JWST}/NIRCam measurements of quasar host galaxy emissions and supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses for six quasars at $5.9<z<7.1$ in the \textit{Emission-line galaxies and Intergalactic Gas in the Epoch of Reionization} (EIGER) project. We obtain deep NIRCam imaging in the F115W, F200W, and F356W bands, as well as F356W grism spectroscopy of the quasars. We use bright unsaturated stars to construct models of the point spread function (PSF) and estimate the errors of these PSFs. We then measure or constrain the fluxes and morphology of the quasar host galaxies by fitting the quasar images as a point source plus an exponential disk. We successfully detect the host galaxy of three quasars, which have host-to-quasar flux ratios of $\sim 1\%-5\%$. Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) fitting suggests that these quasar host galaxies have stellar masses of $M_{\ast }\gtrsim 10^{10}{M}_{\odot }$. For quasars with host galaxy non-detections, we estimate the upper limits of their stellar masses. We use the grism spectra to measure the {\hb} line profile and the continuum luminosity, then estimate the SMBH masses for the quasars. Our results indicate that the positive relation between SMBH masses and host galaxy stellar masses already exists at redshift $z\gtrsim 6$. The quasars in our sample show a high black hole to stellar mass ratio of $M_{\text{BH}}/M_{\ast }\sim 0.15$, which is about $\sim 2$ dex higher than local relations. We find that selection effects only contribute partially to the high $M_{\text{BH}}/M_{\ast }$ ratios of high-redshift quasars. This result hints at a possible redshift evolution of the $M_{\text{BH}}-M_{\ast }$ relation.

arXiv commentAccepted by ApJ

References in corpus (85)

• Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy
• Galactic Stellar and Substellar Initial Mass Function
• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• The Astropy Project: Building an inclusive, open-science project and status of the v2.0 core package
• The Dust Content and Opacity of Actively Star-Forming Galaxies
• Coevolution (Or Not) of Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• Energy input from quasars regulates the growth and activity of black holes and their host galaxies
• Observational Evidence of AGN Feedback
• The slope of the black-hole mass versus velocity dispersion correlation
• Composite Quasar Spectra From the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• A Cosmological Framework for the Co-Evolution of Quasars, Supermassive Black Holes, and Elliptical Galaxies: I. Galaxy Mergers & Quasar Activity
• A luminous quasar at a redshift of z = 7.085
• Determining Central Black Hole Masses in Distant Active Galaxies and Quasars. II. Improved Optical and UV Scaling Relationships
• The Co-Evolution of Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes: Insights from Surveys of the Contemporary Universe
• A Survey of z>5.8 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey I: Discovery of Three New Quasars and the Spatial Density of Luminous Quasars at z~6
• Massive Molecular Outflows and Evidence for AGN Feedback from CO Observations
• Relations Between Central Black Hole Mass and Total Galaxy Stellar Mass in the Local Universe
• The Relationship Between Luminosity and Broad-Line Region Size in Active Galactic Nuclei
• A Survey of z>5.7 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey II: Discovery of Three Additional Quasars at z>6
• An ultra-luminous quasar with a twelve-billion-solar-mass black hole at redshift 6.30
• Powerful Outflows and Feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei
• Stellar Population Inference with Prospector
• AGN wind scaling relations and the co-evolution of black holes and galaxies
• A Luminous Quasar at Redshift 7.642
• Evidence of patchy hydrogen reionization from an extreme Ly$\alpha$ trough below redshift six
• Nebular Continuum and Line Emission in Stellar Population Synthesis Models
• The Pan-STARRS1 distant z>5.6 quasar survey: more than 100 quasars within the first Gyr of the universe
• Cooling flows and quasars: II. Detailed models of feedback modulated accretion flows
• A CEERS Discovery of an Accreting Supermassive Black Hole 570 Myr after the Big Bang: Identifying a Progenitor of Massive z > 6 Quasars
• Pōniuā'ena: A Luminous $z=7.5$ Quasar Hosting a 1.5 Billion Solar Mass Black Hole
• Toward High-Precision Astrometry with WFPC2. I. Deriving an Accurate PSF
• The Final SDSS High-Redshift Quasar Sample of 52 Quasars at z>5.7
• The Evolution of the Galaxy Stellar Mass Function at z= 4-8: A Steepening Low-mass-end Slope with Increasing Redshift
• The Formation and Evolution of Massive Black Holes
• The non-causal origin of the black hole-galaxy scaling relations
• A synthesis model for AGN evolution: supermassive black holes growth and feedback modes
• An ALMA [CII] survey of 27 quasars at z>5.94
• Selection Bias in Observing the Cosmological Evolution of the Mbh-sigma and Mbh-L Relationships
• Updating quasar bolometric luminosity corrections
• How Mergers May Affect The Mass Scaling Relations Between Black Holes, Galaxies, and Other Gravitationally Bound Systems
• Comparing Single-Epoch Virial Black Hole Mass Estimators for Luminous Quasars
• Feedback from central black holes in elliptical galaxies. III: models with both radiative and mechanical feedback
• JWST CEERS & JADES Active Galaxies at z = 4-7 Violate the Local $M_{\bullet }-M_{\star }$ Relation at $>3\sigma$: Implications for Low-Mass Black Holes and Seeding Models
• The BlueTides Simulation: First Galaxies and Reionization
• Bright [CII] and dust emission in three z>6.6 quasar host galaxies observed by ALMA
• The mass relations between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies at 1<z<2 with HST-WFC3
• Gemini GNIRS near-infrared spectroscopy of 50 quasars at z>~5.7
• A Catalog of Quasar Properties from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 16
• The Demographics of Broad Line Quasars in the Mass-Luminosity Plane II. Black Hole Mass and Eddington Ratio Functions
• Exploring Reionization-Era Quasars III: Discovery of 16 Quasars at $6.4\lesssim z\lesssim 6.9$ with DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys and UKIRT Hemisphere Survey and Quasar Luminosity Function at $z\sim 6.7$
• Observational Constraints on the Feeding of Supermassive Black Holes
• EIGER II. first spectroscopic characterisation of the young stars and ionised gas associated with strong H$\beta$ and [OIII] line-emission in galaxies at z=5-7 with JWST
• Kiloparsec-scale ALMA Imaging of [CII] and Dust Continuum Emission of 27 Quasar Host Galaxies at z~6
• EIGER I. a large sample of [OIII]-emitting galaxies at $5.3<z<6.9$ and direct evidence for local reionization by galaxies
• The Universe at z>10: Predictions for JWST from the UniverseMachine DR1
• Evolution in the black hole mass-bulge mass relation: a theoretical perspective
• Do the Most Massive Black Holes at $z=2$ Grow via Major Mergers?
• Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). IV. Discovery of 41 Quasars and Luminous Galaxies at 5.7 < z < 6.9
• Detection of stellar light from quasar host galaxies at redshifts above 6
• The Kinematics of z ~ 6 Quasar Host Galaxies
• The compact, ~1 kpc host galaxy of a quasar at z=7.1
• The X-shooter/ALMA Sample of Quasars in the Epoch of Reionization. II. Black Hole Masses, Eddington Ratios, and the Formation of the First Quasars
• Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs) VIII. A less biased view of the early co-evolution of black holes and host galaxies
• XQR-30: the ultimate XSHOOTER quasar sample at the reionization epoch
• A SPectroscopic survey of biased halos In the Reionization Era (ASPIRE): A First Look at the Rest-frame Optical Spectra of $z>6.5$ Quasars Using JWST
• Spatially Resolved Interstellar Medium and Highly-Excited Dense Molecular Gas in the Most Luminous Quasar at z=6.327
• GA-NIFS: Black hole and host galaxy properties of two z$\simeq$6.8 quasars from the NIRSpec IFU
• Evolutionary Paths of Active Galactic Nuclei and Their Host Galaxies
• Discovery of Eight z ~ 6 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Overlap Regions
• Massive Star-Forming Host Galaxies of Quasars on Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82
• XQR-30: Black Hole Masses and Accretion Rates of 42 z>6 Quasars
• The Pan-STARRS1 z>5.6 quasar survey II: Discovery of 55 Quasars at 5.6<z<6.5
• EIGER III. JWST/NIRCam observations of the ultra-luminous high-redshift quasar J0100+2802
• Opening the era of quasar host studies at high redshift with JWST
• Laboratory measurement of the brighter-fatter effect in an H2RG infrared detector
• A New Iron Emission Template for Active Galactic Nuclei. I. Optical Template for the H$\beta$ region
• Limits to Rest-Frame Ultraviolet Emission From Far-Infrared-Luminous z~6 Quasar Hosts
• A close quasar pair in a disk-disk galaxy merger at z = 2.17
• AGN evolution from galaxy evolution viewpoint - II
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: Quasar Host Galaxies at $z<0.8$ from Image Decomposition
• On the Connection between Supermassive Black Hole and Galaxy Growth in the Reionization Epoch
• Observing the host galaxies of high-redshift quasars with JWST: predictions from the BlueTides simulation
• TRINITY II: The Luminosity-dependent Bias of the Supermassive Black Hole Mass--Galaxy Mass Relation for Bright Quasars at $z=6$
• Truth or delusion? A possible gravitational lensing interpretation of the ultra-luminous quasar SDSS J010013.02+280225.8 at $z=6.30$
• Compact [C II] emitters around a C IV absorption complex at redshift 5.7

Cited by in corpus (47)

• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• A dormant, overmassive black hole in the early Universe
• Size matters: are we witnessing super-Eddington accretion in high-redshift black holes from JWST?
• Sustained super-Eddington accretion in high-redshift quasars
• JADES: comprehensive census of broad-line AGN from Reionization to Cosmic Noon revealed by JWST
• Exploring the AGN Fraction of a Sample of JWST's Little Red Dots at $5<z<8$: Overmassive Black Holes Are Strongly Favored
• "Little red dots" cannot reside in the same dark matter halos as comparably luminous unobscured quasars
• A quasar-galaxy merger at $z\sim 6.2$: rapid host growth via accretion of two massive satellite galaxies
• No evidence for a significant evolution of $M_{\bullet }$-$M_{\ast }$ relation in massive galaxies up to z$\sim$4
• GA-NIFS and EIGER: A merging quasar host at z=7 with an overmassive black hole
• Exploiting synergies between JWST and cosmic 21-cm observations to uncover star formation in the early Universe
• HYPERION. Coevolution of supermassive black holes and galaxies at $z>6$ and the build-up of massive galaxies
• A direct black hole mass measurement in a Little Red Dot at the Epoch of Reionization
• JWST ERS Program Q3D: The pitfalls of virial BH mass constraints shown in a z = 3 quasar with an ultramassive host
• Probing the Merger Rates of Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxies with Gravitational Waves
• Discrepancies Between JWST Observations and Simulations of Quenched Massive Galaxies at $z>3$: A Comparative Study With IllustrisTNG and ASTRID
• UNCOVERing the High-redshift AGN Population among Extreme UV Line Emitters
• The missing FeII bump in faint JWST AGN: possible evidence for metal-poor broad-line regions at early cosmic times
• Molecular gas and dust properties in $z>7$ quasar hosts
• JADES reveals a large population of low mass black holes at high redshift
• The ALPINE-CRISTAL-JWST Survey: Revealing Less Massive Black Holes in High-Redshift Galaxies
• SHELLQs-JWST Unveils the Host Galaxies of 12 Quasars at z>6
• Cosmic mysteries and the hydrogen 21-cm line: bridging the gap with lunar observations
• The host galaxies of radio-loud quasars at z>5 with ALMA
• Overmassive black holes in the early Universe can be explained by gas-rich, dark matter-dominated galaxies
• What is the origin of the JWST SMBHs?
• Fading Light, Fierce Winds: JWST Snapshot of a Sub-Eddington Quasar at Cosmic Dawn
• Inferring Mbh-Mbulge Evolution from the Gravitational Wave Background
• Assessing the dark matter content of two quasar host galaxies at z~6 through gas kinematics
• JWST's PEARLS: A z=6 quasar in a train-wreck galaxy merger system
• Shedding the envelope: JWST reveals a kiloparsec-scale [OIII]-weak Balmer shell around a z=7.64 quasar
• High-redshift AGN population in radiation-hydrodynamics simulations
• Feedback from intermediate mass black holes on dwarf galaxy morphology at z=2
• No Significant Redshift Evolution in the Intrinsic Scatter of the $M_{\bullet }$-$M_{\star }$ Relation for Overmassive Black Holes
• The $M_{\mathrm{BH}}-M_{\star }$ Relation of the hyperluminous Dust-obscured Quasars up to $z\sim 4$
• Extreme Galaxy-scale Outflows Are Frequent among Luminous Early Quasars
• The Cliff: A Metal-Poor Little Red Dot Hosting an Overmassive Black Hole at $z=3.55$
• A stellar dynamical mass measurement of an inactive black hole at redshift 2
• The implications of overmassive black holes at $z>5$ for quasar and black hole growth
• High-Redshift Merger Model for Low-Frequency Gravitational Wave Background
• Tracing black hole and galaxy growth across environments since cosmic noon
• Insights for Early Massive Black Hole Growth from JWST Detection of the [Ne v] λ3427 Emission Line
• Black Hole merger rates in the first billion years in light of JWST data
• A Super-Eddington, Lensing-Magnified Quasar at $z=5.07$ observed with JWST
• The Structure and Evolution of LRDs: Insights from JWST NIRSpec Medium and High Resolution Spectroscopy at $z\sim 4$
• Gravitational Wave Measurement of the $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$-$M_{\mathrm{bulge}}$ Intrinsic Scatter at High Redshift
• Fueling, Evolution, and Diversity of AGN in Dwarf Galaxies: Insights from Star Formation and Black Hole Scaling Relations