Evolution of galaxy stellar masses and star formation rates in the EAGLE simulations

Abstract

We investigate the evolution of galaxy masses and star formation rates in the Evolution and Assembly of Galaxies and their Environment (EAGLE) simulations. These comprise a suite of hydrodynamical simulations in a $\Lambda$CDM cosmogony with subgrid models for radiative cooling, star formation, stellar mass loss, and feedback from stars and accreting black holes. The subgrid feedback was calibrated to reproduce the observed present-day galaxy stellar mass function and galaxy sizes. Here we demonstrate that the simulations reproduce the observed growth of the stellar mass density to within 20 per cent. The simulation also tracks the observed evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function out to redshift z = 7, with differences comparable to the plausible uncertainties in the interpretation of the data. Just as with observed galaxies, the specific star formation rates of simulated galaxies are bimodal, with distinct star forming and passive sequences. The specific star formation rates of star forming galaxies are typically 0.2 to 0.4 dex lower than observed, but the evolution of the rates track the observations closely. The unprecedented level of agreement between simulation and data makes EAGLE a powerful resource to understand the physical processes that govern galaxy formation.

Accepted for publication by MNRAS; 18 pages, 7 figures; comments welcome;

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• Emergence of red, star-forming galaxies (red misfits) in a ΛCDM universe
• First Light And Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) III: The properties of massive dusty galaxies at cosmic dawn
• Exploring the evolution of red and blue galaxies in different cosmic web environments using IllustrisTNG simulation
• The haloes that reionized the Universe
• The Steady State of Intermediate-Mass Black Holes Near a Supermassive Black Hole
• Winds versus jets: a comparison between black hole feedback modes in simulations of idealized galaxy groups and clusters
• Using the EAGLE simulations to elucidate the origin of disc surface brightness profile breaks as a function of mass and environment
• Galaxy and black hole coevolution in dark matter haloes not captured by cosmological simulations
• Evaluating quenching in cosmological simulations of galaxy formation with spectral covariance in the optical window
• Modelling the formation of the first two neutron star-black hole mergers, GW200105 and GW200115: metallicity, chirp masses and merger remnant spins
• Modelling the host galaxies of binary compact object mergers with observational scaling relations
• Cosmological simulations predict that AGN preferentially live in gas-rich, star-forming galaxies despite effective feedback
• Merger rates of intermediate-mass black hole binaries in nuclear star clusters
• Impact of Massive Binary Star and Cosmic Evolution on Gravitational Wave Observations II: Double Compact Object Rates and Properties
• Mocking IFU observations and metallicity diagnostics from cosmological simulations
• On the quenching of star formation in observed and simulated central galaxies: Evidence for the role of integrated AGN feedback
• The Nature of Hyperluminous Infrared Galaxies