Observation of the inverse spin Hall effect in silicon

Abstract

The spin-orbit interaction in a solid couples the spin of an electron to its momentum. This coupling gives rise to mutual conversion between spin and charge currents: the direct and inverse spin Hall effects. The spin Hall effects have been observed in metals and semiconductors. However, the spin/charge conversion has not been realized in one of the most fundamental semiconductors, silicon, where accessing the spin Hall effects has been believed to be difficult because of its very weak spin-orbit interaction. Here we report observation of the inverse spin Hall effect in silicon at room temperature. The spin/charge current conversion efficiency, the spin Hall angle, is obtained as 0.0001 for a p-type silicon film. In spite of the small spin Hall angle, we found a clear electric voltage due to the inverse spin Hall effect in the p-Si film, demonstrating that silicon can be used as a spin-current detector.

8 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Nature Communications

References in corpus (8)

• Dissipationless Quantum Spin Current at Room Temperature
• Direct electronic measurement of the spin Hall effect
• Electrical Detection of Spin Transport in Lateral Ferromagnet-Semiconductor Devices
• Electronic measurement and control of spin transport in Silicon
• Theory of Spin Hall conductivity in n-doped GaAs
• Current-Induced Polarization and the Spin Hall Effect at Room Temperature
• Electrical Detection of Spin Accumulation at a Ferromagnet-Semiconductor Interface
• Silicon spin communication

Cited by in corpus (77)

• Spin Hall Magnetoresistance Induced by a Non-Equilibrium Proximity Effect
• Quantitative study of the spin Hall magnetoresistance in ferromagnetic insulator/normal metal hybrids
• Observation of inverse spin Hall effect in bismuth selenide
• Observation of Inverse Edelstein Effect in Rashba-Split 2DEG between SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 at Room Temperature
• Self-induced inverse spin Hall effect in permalloy at room temperature
• Inverse Spin Hall Effect from pulsed Spin Current in Organic Semiconductors with Tunable Spin-Orbit Coupling
• 5d transition metal oxide IrO2 as a material for spin current detection
• Spintronic Sources of Ultrashort Terahertz Electromagnetic Pulses
• Extrinsic spin Hall effect induced by resonant skew scattering in graphene
• Enhanced DC Spin Pumping into a Fluctuating Ferromagnet near Tc
• Observation of Spin Hall Effect in Weyl Semimetal WTe2 at Room Temperature
• Spin Pumping and Inverse Spin Hall Effect in Germanium
• Role of spin mixing conductance in spin pumping: enhancement of spin pumping efficiency in Ta/Cu/Py structures
• Measurement of spin pumping voltage separated from extrinsic microwave effects
• Crossover from spin accumulation into interface states to spin injection in the germanium conduction band
• Thermally driven pure spin and valley current via anomalous Nernst effect in monolayer group-VI dichalcogenides
• Large spin current generation by the spin Hall effect in mixed crystalline phase Ta thin films
• Tunable Giant Spin Hall Conductivities in a Strong Spin-Orbit Semimetal: Bi${}_{1-x}$Sb${}_x$
• Dirac-Surface-State-Dominated Spin to Charge Current Conversion in the Topological Insulator $(B{i}_{0.22}S{b}_{0.78}{)}_{2}T{e}_3$ Films at Room Temperature
• Strong evidence for d-electron spin transport at room temperature at a LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface
• Spin pumping into superconductors: A new probe of spin dynamics in a superconducting thin film
• Pure spin currents in magnetically ordered insulator/normal metal heterostructures
• Dynamic Spin Injection into Chemical Vapor Deposited Graphene
• Theory of coupled spin-charge transport due to spin-orbit interaction in inhomogeneous two-dimensional electron liquids
• Important role of magnetization precession angle measurement in inverse spin Hall effect induced by spin pumping
• Switchable and tunable Rashba-type spin splitting in covalent perovskite oxides
• Spin Injection and Inverse Edelstein Effect in the Surface States of Topological Kondo Insulator SmB6
• Dynamical Spin Injection into p-type Germanium at Room Temperature
• Direct detection of induced magnetic moment and efficient spin-to-charge conversion in graphene/ferromagnetic structures
• Spin transport parameters of NbN thin films characterised by spin pumping experiments
• Anomalous spin precession and spin Hall effect in semiconductor quantum wells
• Electrical and thermal spin accumulation in germanium
• Spin Hall effect in a spin-1 chiral semimetal
• Spin transport and spin conversion in compound semiconductor with non-negligible spin-orbit interaction
• Large spin-Hall effect in Si at room temperature
• Dynamic detection of electron spin accumulation in ferromagnet-semiconductor devices by ferromagnetic resonance
• Dynamical spin injection at a quasi-one-dimensional ferromagnet-graphene interface
• Dissipation due to pure spin-current generated by spin pumping
• Magnetization dynamics of cobalt grown on graphene
• All-electrical measurements of direct spin Hall effect in GaAs with Esaki diode electrodes
• Ultrafast magneto-photocurrents in GaAs: Separation of surface and bulk contributions
• Topological nature of the proper spin current and the spin-Hall torque
• Spin phonon interactions and magneto-thermal transport behavior in p-Si
• Spin injection into silicon detected by broadband ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy
• Spintronics Detection of Interfacial Magnetic Switching in a Paramagnetic Tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)iron(III) Thin Film
• Evidence of Pure Spin-Current Generated by Spin Pumping in Interface Localized States in Hybrid Metal-Silicon-Metal Vertical Structures
• Intrinsic orbital and spin Hall effect in bismuth semimetal
• Superconducting tunneling spectroscopy of spin-orbit coupling and orbital depairing in Nb:SrTiO${}_3$
• Spin Hall angle fluctuations in a disorder device
• Negligible thermal contributions to the spin pumping signal in ferromagnetic metal-Platinum bilayers
• Rashba semiconductor as spin Hall material: Experimental demonstration of spin pumping in wurtzite $n$-GaN:Si
• Inplane spin orbit torque magnetization switching and its detection using the spin rectification effect at sub-GHz frequencies
• Investigation of spin scattering mechanism in silicon channels of Fe/MgO/Si lateral spin valves
• Moderate Positive Spin Hall Angle in Uranium
• Spin mediated magneto-electro-thermal transport behavior in Ni80Fe20/MgO/p-Si thin films
• Efficient spin-to-charge interconversion in Weyl semimetal TaP at room temperature
• Driving field amplitude gauged quantitative inverse spin Hall effect detection
• Spin-Hall effect in topological materials: Evaluating the proper spin current in systems with arbitrary degeneracies
• Generation and detection of dissipationless spin current in MgO/Si bilayer
• Study of the spin-pump-induced inverse spin-Hall effect in Bi doped n-type Si
• Spin mediated enhanced negative magnetoresistance in Ni80Fe20 and p-silicon bilayer
• Spin driven emergent antiferromagnetism and metal insulator transition in nanoscale p-Si
• Enhancement of spin mixing conductance in La${}_{0.7}$Sr${}_{0.3}$MnO${}_3$/LaNiO${}_3$/SrRuO${}_3$ heterostructures
• Unraveling the Spin-to-Charge Current Conversion Mechanism and Charge Transfer Dynamics at Interface of Graphene/WS${}_2$ Heterostructures at Room Temperature
• Spin Hall angle in single-layer graphene
• Tunneling spin Hall effect induced by unconventional $p$-wave magnetism
• Inverse spin Hall effect in Nd doped SrTiO3
• Coupled spin and valley Hall effects driven by coherent tunneling
• Higher spin swampland conjecture for massive AdS${}_3$ gravity
• Model of the Longitudinal Spin Seebeck Coefficient of InSb in a Magnetic Field
• Observation of weak temperature dependence of spin diffusion length in highly-doped Si by using a non-local 3-terminal method
• Spin imbalance of charge carriers induced by an electric current
• Inverse spin Hall effect in a complex ferromagnetic oxide heterostructure
• Effective spin Hall properties of a mixture of materials with and without spin-orbit coupling: Tailoring the effective spin-diffusion length
• Enhancement of the spin Hall voltage in a reverse-biased planar pn-junction
• Spin accumulation detection of FMR driven spin pumping in silicon-based metal-oxide-semiconductor heterostructures
• Optical spin pumping in silicon