Semi-analytic modeling of the EBL and consequences for extragalactic gamma-ray spectra

Abstract

Attenuation of high-energy gamma rays by pair-production with UV, optical and IR extragalactic background light (EBL) photons provides a link between the history of galaxy formation and high-energy astrophysics. We present results from our latest semi-analytic models (SAMs), which employ the main ingredients thought to be important to galaxy formation and evolution, as well as an improved model for reprocessing of starlight by dust to mid- and far-IR wavelengths. These SAMs are based upon a Lambda-CDM hierarchical structural formation scenario, and are successful in reproducing a large variety of observational constraints such as number counts, luminosity and mass functions, and color bimodality. Our fiducial model is based upon a WMAP5 cosmology, and treats dust emission using empirical templates. This model predicts a background flux considerably lower than optical and near-IR measurements that rely on subtraction of zodiacal and galactic foregrounds, and near the lower bounds set by number counts of resolvable sources at a large number of wavelengths. We also show the results of varying cosmological parameters and dust attenuation model used in our SAM. For each EBL prediction, we show how the optical depth due to electron-positron pair-production is affected by redshift and gamma-ray energy, and the effect of gamma-ray absorption on the spectra of a variety of extragalactic sources. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of our work, comparisons to other models and key measurements of the EBL and a discussion of how the burgeoning science of gamma-ray astronomy will continue to help constrain cosmology. The low EBL flux predicted by our fiducial model suggests an optimistic future for further studies of distant gamma-ray sources.

23 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, accepted by MNRAS; this preprint matches accepted version

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• Combined Fit of Spectrum and Composition for FR0 Radio-galaxy-emitted Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays with Resulting Secondary Photons and Neutrinos
• Joint analysis of TeV blazar light curves with FACT and HAWC
• Ultra-high energy event KM3-230213A as a cosmogenic neutrino in light of minimal UHECR flux models
• Testing the ubiquitous presence of very high energy emission in gamma-ray bursts with the MAGIC telescopes
• Nonthermal Radiation of the Extreme TeV Blazar 1ES 0229+200 from Electromagnetic Cascades on Infrared Photon Field
• Follow-up of Neutron Star Mergers with CTA and Prospects for Joint Detection with Gravitational-Wave Detectors
• Sensitivity study of (10,100) GeV gamma-ray bursts with double shower front events from ARGO-YBJ
• Constraining the redshift of BL Lac VER J0521+211
• The possibility of multi-TeV secondary gamma rays from GRB221009A
• Neutrino Constrains to the Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emission from Accretion Shocks
• Constraining dark photon parameters based on the very high energy observations of blazars
• Very high energy emission mechanism in the extreme blazar PGC 2402248
• Catching TeV emission from GRB 221009A and alike with LHAASO, LACT and SWGO
• Extragalactic Background Light: Measurements and Applications
• Revisiting the evidences for spectral anomalies in distant blazars: new data on the photon-ALP mixing
• Detailed modelling of the EBL along VHE γ-ray paths
• Simultaneously unveiling the EBL and intrinsic spectral parameters of gamma-ray sources with Hamiltonian Monte Carlo
• Testing models of extragalactic $\gamma$-ray propagation using observations of extreme blazars in GeV and TeV energy ranges
• A photohadronic interpretation of the H.E.S.S. afterglow observations from GRB 221009A
• Constraints on axionlike particles from 16.5 years of Fermi-LAT data and prospects for VLAST
• Theory of high-energy messengers
• A test of the hadronic origin of $\gamma$-rays from blazars with up to month-later follow-up of IceCube Alerts with Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes
• On gamma rays as predictors of UHECR flux in AGNs
• Towards Searching for Photons with Energies beyond the PeV Range from Galactic PeVatrons
• Predictions of TeV emission for a set of hard BL Lac objects
• Sensitivity to Axion-like Particle dark matter with very-high-energy gamma-ray observations of Active Galactic Nuclei located behind Galaxy Clusters
• SimProp v2r3: Monte Carlo simulation code of UHECR propagation
• Modeling the imprints of large-scale magnetized structures on $\gamma$-rays from extragalactic transients
• Gamma rays as leptonic portals to energetic neutrinos: a new Monte Carlo approach
• Fenomenología de modelos supersimétricos: partículas y materia oscura
• Spectral analysis of Markarian 421 and Markarian 501 with HAWC
• EBL Constraints Using a Sample of TeV Gamma-Ray Emitters Measured with the MAGIC Telescopes
• Predicting Multiwavelength Emission Associated with X-Ray Flares and Extended Emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Projected sensitivity of CTAO to axion-like particles from blazars with a machine learning approach
• The Sensitivity of PUEO to Cosmogenic Neutrinos and Exotic Physics Scenarios
• The VHE anomaly in blazar spectra and related phenomena
• High-Energy Neutrino Production in Clusters of Galaxies
• Spectral analysis of the blazars Markarian 421 and Markarian 501 with the HAWC Gamma-Ray Observatory
• Ultra high-energy cosmic rays from beyond the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuz'min horizon