Emitting electrons spectra and acceleration processes in the jet of Mrk 421: from low state to giant flare state

Abstract

We investigate the electron energy distributions (EEDs) and the acceleration processes in the jet of Mrk 421 through fitting the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) in different active states in the frame of a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model. After assuming two possible EEDs formed in different acceleration models: the shock accelerated power-law with exponential cut-off (PLC) EED and the stochastic turbulence accelerated log-parabolic (LP) EED, we fit the observed SEDs of Mrk 421 in both low and giant flare states by using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method which constrains the model parameters in a more efficient way. Our calculating results indicate that (1) the PLC and LP models give comparably good fits for the SED in low state, but the variations of model parameters from low state to flaring can be reasonably explained only in the case of the PLC in low state; and (2) the LP model gives better fits compared to the PLC model for the SED in flare state, and the intra-day/night variability observed at GeV-TeV bands can be accommodated only in the LP model. The giant flare may be attributed to the stochastic turbulence re-acceleration of the shock accelerated electrons in low state. Therefore, we may conclude that shock acceleration is dominant in low state, while stochastic turbulence acceleration is dominant in flare state. Moreover, our result shows that the extrapolated TeV spectra from the best-fit SEDs from optical through GeV with the two EEDs are different. It should be considered in caution when such extrapolated TeV spectra are used to constrain extragalactic background light (EBL) models.

Accepted by ApJ

References in corpus (36)

• The Second Catalog of Active Galactic Nuclei Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope
• Semi-analytic modeling of the EBL and consequences for extragalactic gamma-ray spectra
• Fermi-LAT Observations of Markarian 421: the Missing Piece of its Spectral Energy Distribution
• Modeling the Emission Processes in Blazars
• Synchrotron Self-Compton Analysis of TeV X-ray Selected BL Lacertae Objects
• Stochastic Acceleration and the Evolution of Spectral Distributions in SSC Sources: A Self Consistent Modeling of Blazars' Flares
• Multiwavelength Observations of Markarian 421 in March 2001: an Unprecedented View on the X-ray/TeV Correlated Variability
• Spectral Properties of Bright Fermi-detected Blazars in the Gamma-ray Band
• A Lower-Limit Flux for the Extragalactic Background Light
• On the Momentum Diffusion of Radiating Ultrarelativistic Electrons in a Turbulent Magnetic Field
• Observations of Mkn 421 with the MAGIC Telescope
• TeV and Multi-wavelength Observations of Mrk 421 in 2006-2008
• Timing Signatures of the Internal-Shock Model for Blazars
• Stochastic particle acceleration and synchrotron self--Compton radiation in TeV blazars
• Time-Dependent Stochastic Particle Acceleration in Astrophysical Plasmas: Exact Solutions Including Momentum-Dependent Escape
• Signatures of synchrotron emission and of electron acceleration in the X-ray spectra of Mrk 421
• Variable Gamma-ray Emission Induced by Ultra-High Energy Neutral Beams: Application to 4C +21.35
• The time-dependent one-zone hadronic model - First principles
• Long-term monitoring of the TeV emission from Mrk 421 with the ARGO-YBJ experiment
• Time dependent simulations of multiwavelength variability of the blazar Mrk 421 with a Monte Carlo multi-zone code
• A multi-zone model for simulating the high energy variability of TeV blazars
• The environment and distribution of emitting electrons as a function of source activity in Markarian 421
• Multiwavelength study of TeV Blazar Mrk421 during giant flare
• CosRayMC: a global fitting method in studying the properties of the new sources of cosmic e${}^{\pm }$ excesses
• MAGIC TeV Gamma-Ray Observations of Markarian 421 during Multiwavelength Campaigns in 2006
• X-ray and TeV emissions from High Frequency Peaked BL Lacs
• High-frequency-peaked BL Lacertae objects as spectral candles to measure the Extragalactic Background Light in the Fermi and air Cherenkov telescopes era
• The hadronic origin of hard gamma-ray spectrum from blazar 1ES 1101-232
• Non-variable TeV emission from the extended jet of a blazar in the stochastic acceleration scenario: the case of the hard TeV emission of 1ES 1101-232
• On the correlation between the X-ray and gamma-ray emission in TeV blazars
• A Novel Approach in Constraining Electron Spectra in Blazar Jets: The Case of Markarian 421
• Lepton Models for TeV Emission from SNR RX J1713.7-3946
• A Suzaku X-Ray Study of the Particle Acceleration Processes in the Relativistic Jet of Blazar Mrk 421
• X-ray variability patterns in blazars
• VERITAS observation of Markarian 421 flaring activity
• The H.E.S.S. extragalactic sky

Cited by in corpus (47)

• The curvature of spectral energy distribution of blazars
• 4.5 years multi-wavelength observations of Mrk 421 during the ARGO-YBJ and Fermi common operation time
• The physical properties of Fermi BL Lac objects jets
• Time-Dependent Modeling of Gamma-ray Flares in Blazar PKS1510-089
• Baryon Loading Efficiency and Particle Acceleration Efficiency of Relativistic Jets: Cases For Low Luminosity BL Lacs
• Determining the core radio luminosity function of radio AGNs via copula
• A thirteen-year-long broadband view of BL Lac
• Connecting steady emission and Very High Energy flaring states in blazars: the case of Mrk 421
• Understanding the TeV emission from a distant blazar PKS 1424+240 in a lepto-hadronic jet model
• Near-Equipartition Jets with Log-Parabola Electron Energy Distribution and the Blazar Spectral-Index Diagrams
• Statistical analysis on XMM-Newton X-ray flares of Mrk 421: distributions of peak flux and flaring time duration
• Parameter constraints in a near-equipartition model with multi-frequency \emph{NuSTAR}, \emph{Swift} and \emph{Fermi-LAT} data from 3C 279
• Inverse Compton X-ray Emissions from TeV blazar Mrk421 during a Historical Low-Flux State Observed with NuSTAR
• Gamma-ray luminosity function of BL Lac objects and contribution to the extragalactic gamma-ray background
• A mixture evolution scenario of the AGN radio luminosity function. II. Do low- and high-power radio-loud AGNs evolve differently?
• Testing one-zone synchrotron-self-Compton models with spectral energy distributions of Mrk 421
• Constraints on the location of $\gamma$-ray emitting region for a sample of blazars with radio core-shift measurements
• Verification of the diffusive shock acceleration in Mrk 501
• Broadband Study of High-Synchrotron-Peaked BL Lac Object 1ES 1218+304
• Emitting Electron Spectra and Acceleration Processes in the Jet of PKS 0447-439
• Using the Extragalactic Gamma-Ray Background to Constrain the Hubble Constant and Matter Density of the Universe
• Influence of Energy-Dependent Particle Diffusion on the X-ray spectral curvature of MKN 421
• A time dependent approach to model X-ray and $\gamma$--ray light curves of Mrk 421 observed during the flare in February 2010
• A Method for Locating High Energy Dissipation Region in Blazar
• Formation of very hard electron and gamma-ray spectra of flat spectrum radio quasar in fast-cooling regime
• Dynamic changes of emitting electron distribution in the jet of 3C 279: signatures of acceleration and cooling
• Rapid X-ray Variability in Mkn 421 during a Multiwavelength Campaign
• Unfolding the X-ray Spectral Curvature of Mkn 421 for Further Clues
• Multi-wavelength study of Mrk 421 TeV flare observed with \emph{TACTIC} telescope in February 2010
• Similarity of Jet Radiation between Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars and GeV Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies: A Universal $\delta$-$L_{\mathrm{c}}$ Correlation
• A flexible method for estimating luminosity functions via Kernel Density Estimation
• Statistical analysis on X-ray flares from the nucleus and HST-1 knot in the M87 jet
• Formation of the Electronic Spectrum in Relativistic Jets of Gamma-Ray Blazars
• Multi-wavelength Variation Phenomena of PKS 0735+178 on Diverse Timescale
• Kinetic powers of the relativistic jets in Mrk 421 and Mrk 501
• On the intrinsic shape of gamma-ray spectrum for Fermi blazars
• Two-injection scenario for the hard X-ray excess observed in Mrk 421
• Variations of the physical parameters of the blazar Mrk 421 based on the analysis of the spectral energy distributions
• Correlations between $\gamma$-ray luminosity and magnetization of the jet as well as relativistic electron injection power:cases for Mrk 421, 3C 454.3 and 3C 279
• Do radiative losses determine the characteristic emission of the blazar Mkn 421?
• Constraining the redshifts of TeV BL Lac objects
• On the Injection of Relativistic Electrons in the Jet of 3C 279
• Using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to study the physical properties GeV-TeV BL Lac objects
• Studies of Extragalactic Background Light with TeV BL Lac Objects
• Through a Mini Halo, Darkly
• X-ray Flux and Spectral Variability of the TeV Blazars Mrk 421 and PKS 2155-304
• X-ray Fourier lag-frequency spectra modulated by stochastic turbulent acceleration in the jets of high-frequency-peaked BL Lac