Formation of the Electronic Spectrum in Relativistic Jets of Gamma-Ray Blazars

Abstract

We describe the theory of Fermi-type acceleration, including first-order Fermi acceleration at a parallel shock front and second-order Fermi acceleration in a test particle limit. Including the theory of the turbulent acceleration and the derivation of the general Fokker-Planck equation, we take into account the basic particle-transport equation and the Fokker-Planck equation with spatially homogeneous isotropic distribution. In the cases of some special physical processes, we construct the particle-transport equations, and compile the analytical or semi-analytical solutions in 11 different cases. Even though, traditionally, one of the electron energy distributions for these different cases can be used to reproduce the multi-wavelength emission of a blazar, due to very long integration times of high-energy observations, a time-integrated electron energy distribution should be introduced in approaches to modeling the multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution of blazars, especially in modeling the flaring state.

arXiv comment33 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in PASP

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• A thirteen-year-long broadband view of BL Lac
• The Intrinsic Properties of Multiwavelength Energy Spectra for Fermi Teraelectronvolt Blazars
• Particle acceleration and synchrotron self-Compton emission in blazar jets I : an application to the quiescent emission
• Broadband Study of High-Synchrotron-Peaked BL Lac Object 1ES 1218+304
• A time-dependent particle acceleration and emission model: Understanding the particle spectral evolution and blazar flares
• Insights into the Long-term behavior of the optical polarization from the blazar 1ES 1959+650
• Studies of Extragalactic Background Light with TeV BL Lac Objects