First constraints on the strength of the extragalactic magnetic field from $\gamma$-ray observations of GRB 221009A

Abstract

The extragalactic magnetic field (EGMF) could be probed with $\gamma$-ray observations of distant sources. Primary very high energy (VHE) $\gamma$-rays from these sources absorb on extragalactic background light photons, and secondary electrons/positrons from the pair production acts create cascade $\gamma$-rays. These cascade $\gamma$-rays could be detected with space $\gamma$-ray telescopes such as Fermi-LAT. The $\gamma$-ray burst GRB 221009A was an exceptionally bright transient well suited for intergalactic $\gamma$-ray propagation studies. Using publicly-available Fermi-LAT data, we obtain upper limits on the spectrum of delayed emission from GRB 221009A during the time windows of 10, 30, and 90 days after the burst, and compare these with model spectra calculated for various EGMF strengths $B$, obtaining constraints on $B$. We show that the values of $B$ between 10^{-20} G and 10^{-18} G are excluded.

arXiv comment8 pages, 11 figures. Moderate changes w.r.t. v1. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Lett. This is the authors's version and not the final typeset

References in corpus (37)

• The Large Area Telescope on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope Mission
• Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog
• Evidence for strong extragalactic magnetic fields from Fermi observations of TeV blazars
• Design Concepts for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
• Semi-analytic modeling of the EBL and consequences for extragalactic gamma-ray spectra
• EGMF Constraints from Simultaneous GeV-TeV Observations of Blazars
• Teraelectronvolt emission from the $\gamma$-ray burst GRB 190114C
• A very-high-energy component deep in the Gamma-ray Burst afterglow
• The Cosmological Impact of Luminous TeV Blazars I: Implications of Plasma Instabilities for the Intergalactic Magnetic Field and Extragalactic Gamma-Ray Background
• Time Delay of Cascade Radiation for TeV Blazars and the Measurement of the Intergalactic Magnetic Field
• A tera-electronvolt afterglow from a narrow jet in an extremely bright gamma-ray burst 221009A
• Sensitivity of gamma-ray telescopes for detection of magnetic fields in intergalactic medium
• Peta-electron volt gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula
• Revealing x-ray and gamma ray temporal and spectral similarities in the GRB 190829A afterglow
• GRB 221009A, The BOAT
• Fermi-GBM Discovery of GRB 221009A: An Extraordinarily Bright GRB from Onset to Afterglow
• An observational determination of the evolving extragalactic background light from the multiwavelength HST/CANDELS survey in the Fermi and CTA era
• Constraints on the Intergalactic Magnetic Field with Gamma-Ray Observations of Blazars
• GRB 221009A: Discovery of an Exceptionally Rare Nearby and Energetic Gamma-Ray Burst
• Relativistic Pair Beams from TeV Blazars: A Source of Reprocessed GeV Emission rather than IGM Heating
• Relaxation of Blazar Induced Pair Beams in Cosmic Voids
• ELMAG: A Monte Carlo simulation of electromagnetic cascades on the extragalactic background light and in magnetic fields
• A method of measurement of extragalactic magnetic fields by TeV gamma ray telescopes
• Probing the Nature of the Weakest Intergalactic Magnetic Fields with the High Energy Emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Plasma effects on fast pair beams II. Reactive versus kinetic instability of parallel electrostatic wave
• The Effect of Nonlinear Landau Damping on Ultrarelativistic Beam Plasma Instabilities
• The electrostatic instability for realistic pair distributions in blazar/EBL cascades
• Massive Argon Space Telescope (MAST): a concept of heavy time projection chamber for gamma-ray astronomy in the 100 MeV --- 1 TeV energy range
• ELMAG 3.01: A three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation of electromagnetic cascades on the extragalactic background light and in magnetic fields
• Possible Effects of Pair Echoes on Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglow Emission
• Energy loss of intergalactic pair beams: Particle-in-Cell simulation
• The role of resonant plasma instabilities in the evolution of blazar induced pair beams
• Revisit of non-linear Landau damping for electrostatic instability driven by blazar-induced pair beams
• Properties of the Intergalactic Magnetic Field Constrained by Gamma-ray Observations of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Can we constrain the extragalactic magnetic field from very high energy observations of GRB 190114C?
• Constraints on the extragalactic magnetic field strength from blazar spectra based on 145 months of Fermi-LAT observations
• Intergalactic magnetic field studies by means of $\gamma$-ray emission from GRB 190114C

Cited by in corpus (7)

• Carpet-3 detection of a photon-like air shower with estimated primary energy above 100 TeV in a spatial and temporal coincidence with GRB 221009A
• LiteBIRD Science Goals and Forecasts: Primordial Magnetic Fields
• Constraints on the intergalactic magnetic field from Fermi-LAT observations of GRB 221009A
• Revisiting constraints on primordial magnetic fields from spectral distortions of cosmic microwave background
• Prospects for detection of the pair-echo emission from TeV gamma-ray bursts
• New Insights on Gamma-Ray Burst Radiation Mechanisms from Multiwavelength Observations
• Modeling the imprints of large-scale magnetized structures on $\gamma$-rays from extragalactic transients