Dynamical family properties and dark halo scaling relations of giant elliptical galaxies

Abstract

Based on a uniform dynamical analysis of line-profile shapes for 21 luminous round elliptical galaxies, we have investigated the dynamical family relations of ellipticals: (i) The circular velocity curves (CVCs) of elliptical galaxies are flat to within ~10% for R>~0.2R_e. (ii) Most ellipticals are moderately radially anisotropic; their dynamical structure is surprisingly uniform. (iii) Elliptical galaxies follow a Tully-Fisher (TF) relation, with v_c^max=300 km/s for an L_B^* galaxy. At given v_c^max, they are ~1 mag fainter in B and appear to have slightly lower baryonic mass than spirals even for maximum M/L_B. (iv) The luminosity dependence of M/L_B is confirmed. The tilt of the Fundamental Plane is not caused by dynamical non-homology, nor only by an increasing dark matter fraction with L. It is, however, consistent with stellar population models based on published metallicities and ages. The main driver is therefore probably metallicity, and a secondary population effect is needed to explain the K-band tilt. (v) These results make it likely that elliptical galaxies have nearly maximal M/L_B (minimal halos). (vi) Despite the uniformly flat CVCs, there is a spread in cumulative M/L_B(r). Some galaxies have no indication for dark matter within 2R_e, whereas others have local M/L_Bs of 20-30 at 2R_e. (vii) In models with maximum stellar mass, the dark matter contributes ~10-40% of the mass within R_e. (viii) The corresponding halo core densities and phase-space densities are at least ~25 times larger and the halo core radii ~4 times smaller than in spiral galaxies of the same v_c^max. The increase in M/L sets in at ~10 times larger acceleration than in spirals. This could imply that elliptical galaxy halos collapsed at high redshift or that some of the dark matter in ellipticals might be baryonic. (abridged)

21pp, 19 figs, latex. AJ, in press (April 2001)

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• INSPIRE: INvestigating Stellar Population In RElics II. First Data Release (DR1)
• Kinematics of the diffuse intragroup and intracluster light in groups and clusters of galaxies in the Local Universe within 100 Mpc distance
• Mergers in Galaxy Groups. II. The Fundamental Plane of Elliptical Galaxies
• The Effects of Galaxy Shape and Rotation on the X-ray Haloes of Early-Type Galaxies
• Minor Mergers are not enough: The importance of Major Mergers during Brightest Cluster Galaxy assembly
• Self-consistent nonspherical isothermal halos embedding zero-thickness disks
• Mass distribution and orbital anisotropy of early-type galaxies: constraints from the Mass Plane
• Two-component Jaffe models with a central black hole. I: the spherical case
• Testing Verlinde's emergent gravity in early-type galaxies
• A simple analysis of halo density profiles using gravitational lensing time delays
• The inner structure of very massive elliptical galaxies: implications for the inside-out formation mechanism of z~2 galaxies
• Ionized gas disks in elliptical and S0 galaxies at $z<1$
• Spatially resolved spectroscopy of Coma cluster early-type galaxies IV. Completing the dataset
• The globular cluster system of NGC1316. III. Kinematic complexity
• Crash-testing the CAULDRON code for joint lensing and dynamics analysis of early-type galaxies
• Cosmic evolution of metal densities: the enrichment of the Inter-Galactic Medium
• The hybrid solution for the Fundamental Plane
• The massive dark halo of the compact, early-type galaxy NGC 1281
• Subaru Spectroscopy of the Gravitational Lens HST 14176+5226: Implications for a Large Cosmological Constan
• Two-dimensional kinematics of SLACS lenses - IV. The complete VLT-VIMOS data set
• Numerical modelling of Auriga's Wheel - a new ring galaxy
• Direct Estimate of the Post-Newtonian Parameter and Cosmic Curvature from Galaxy-scale Strong Gravitational Lensing
• A unified scenario for the origin of spiral and elliptical galaxy structural scaling laws
• Dynamical masses of brightest cluster galaxies I: stellar velocity anisotropy and mass-to-light ratios
• CO Tully-Fisher Relation of Star-forming Galaxies at z=0.05-0.3
• Elliptical galaxies kinematics within general relativity with renormalization group effects
• The non-evolving internal structure of early-type galaxies: the case study SDSS J0728+3835 at z = 0.206
• A unique small-scale gravitational arc in Abell 1201
• The halo of M105 and its group environment as traced by planetary nebula populations: II. Using kinematics of single stars to unveil the presence of intragroup light around the Leo I galaxies NGC 3384 and M105
• JWST's PEARLS: dust attenuation and gravitational lensing in the backlit-galaxy system VV 191
• The Super-NFW model: an analytic dynamical model for cold dark matter haloes and elliptical galaxies
• Reconciling stellar dynamical and hydrostatic X-ray mass measurements of an elliptical galaxy with gas rotation, turbulence and magnetic fields
• Constraining Cosmological and Galaxy Parameters using Strong Gravitational Lensing Systems
• Lensing and Dynamics in Two Simple Steps
• Modeling Nearly Spherical Pure-bulge Galaxies with a Stellar Mass-to-Light Ratio Gradient under the $\Lambda$CDM and MOND Paradigms: I. Methodology, Dynamical Stellar Mass, and Fundamental Mass Plane
• The X-shooter Lens Survey - II. Sample presentation and spatially resolved kinematics
• Origin of the fundamental plane of elliptical galaxies in the Coma Cluster without fine-tuning
• X-Ray Shapes of Elliptical Galaxies and Implications for Self-Interacting Dark Matter
• The potential-energy tensors for subsystems. IV. Homeoidally striated density profiles with a central cusp
• Dark matter as a dynamic effect due to a non-minimal gravitational coupling with matter
• CLASS B0631+519: Last of the CLASS lenses
• Observations of the High Redshift Universe
• A new class of galaxy models with a central BH -- I. The spherical case
• The Universal Rotation Curve of Spiral Galaxies
• Project Dinos II: Redshift evolution of dark and luminous matter density profiles in strong-lensing elliptical galaxies across 0.1 < z < 0.9
• Internal Kinematics and Stellar Populations of the Poststarburst+AGN Galaxy SDSS J230743.41+152558.4
• Reconstructing the extended structure of multiple sources strongly lensed by the ultra-massive elliptical galaxy SDSS J0100+1818
• Where are the missing baryons in clusters?
• Golden gravitational lensing systems from the Sloan Lens ACS Survey. II. SDSS J1430+4105: A precise inner total mass profile from lensing alone
• Stellar kinematics of X-ray bright massive elliptical galaxies
• Diagnostics of Baryonic Cooling in Lensing Galaxies
• Uncovering Planetary Nebulae in Early Type Galaxies using the Rutgers Fabry-Perot
• Direct tests of General Relativity under screening effect with galaxy-scale strong lensing systems
• Structural properties of disk galaxies. II. Intrinsic shape of bulges
• On the connection between shape and stellar population in early-type galaxies
• On Galaxies and Homology
• Test of the Equivalence Principle in the Dark Sector on Galactic Scales
• Star formation in high redshift galaxies including Supernova feedback: effect on stellar mass and luminosity functions
• Modeling Nearly Spherical Pure-Bulge Galaxies with a Stellar Mass-to-Light Ratio Gradient under the $\Lambda$CDM and MOND Paradigms: II. The Orbital Anisotropy of Slow Rotators within the Effective Radius
• Dark matter inside early-type galaxies as function of mass and redshift
• The Extragalactic Lens VLBI Imaging Survey (ELVIS). I. A Search for the Central Image in the Gravitational Lens PMN J1838-3427
• Early-Type Galaxies: Elliptical and S0 Galaxies, or Fast and Slow Rotators
• Dissecting the morphological and spectroscopic properties of galaxies in the local Universe: I. Elliptical galaxies
• How much dark matter is there inside early-type galaxies?
• Current star formation in early-type galaxies and the K+A phenomenon
• Dark matter-rich early-type galaxies in the CASSOWARY 5 strong lensing system
• The dark matter halo concentration and stellar initial mass function of a CASSOWARY group
• Unveiling a 36 Billion Solar Mass Black Hole at the Centre of the Cosmic Horseshoe Gravitational Lens
• Polytropic dark halos of elliptical galaxies
• Semi-empirical catalog of early-type galaxy-halo systems: dark matter density profiles, halo contraction and dark matter annihilation strength
• A Universal Power-law Profile of Pseudo-Phase-Space Density-like Quantities in Elliptical Galaxies
• Disk and elliptical galaxies within renormalization group improved gravity
• On Mechanics and Thermodynamics of a stellar galaxy in a two-component virial system and the Fundamental Plane
• A Redshift for the First Einstein Ring, MG 1131+0456
• ALMA Observations of the Molecular Gas in the Elliptical Galaxy NGC3557
• Dynamical and gravitational lensing properties of a new phenomenological model of elliptical galaxies
• Probing a scale dependent gravitational slip with galaxy strong lensing systems
• Dark matter in massive galaxies
• Visible and Dark Matter Profiles in a Non-Minimally Coupled Model
• Angular momentum transfer and the size - mass relation in early - type galaxies
• Mass Modelling with Minimum Kinematic Information
• Comparison of simple mass estimators for slowly rotating elliptical galaxies
• Total and dark mass from observations of galaxy centers with Machine Learning
• Two-component, ideal, self-gravitating fluids: the fractional virial potential energy
• On the tilt of Fundamental Plane by Clausius' virial maximum theory
• The Hubble constant from galaxy lenses: impacts of triaxiality and model degeneracies
• The Spectroscopy and H-band Imaging of Virgo cluster galaxies (SHIVir) Survey: Data Catalogue and Kinematic Profiles
• The isolated elliptical galaxy NGC 5812 -- MOND or Dark Matter?
• The SLUGGS survey: a new mask design to reconstruct the stellar populations and kinematics of both inner and outer galaxy regions
• The outer halos of elliptical galaxies
• The relation between circular velocity and central velocity dispersion in low surface brightness galaxies
• Dynamical Mass Determinations and Scaling Relations of Early-Type Galaxies
• Is there a tilt in the fundamental (hyper)plane?
• Scaling Relations in Dissipationless Spiral-like Galaxy Mergers
• Modelling Kinematics and Dark Matter: The Halos of Elliptical Galaxies
• The Vcirc-sigma0 Relation of Galaxies
• Further evidence for large central mass-to-light ratios in massive early-type galaxies