The Local Dark Matter Density

Abstract

I review current efforts to measure the mean density of dark matter near the Sun. This encodes valuable dynamical information about our Galaxy and is also of great importance for 'direct detection' dark matter experiments. I discuss theoretical expectations in our current cosmology; the theory behind mass modelling of the Galaxy; and I show how combining local and global measures probes the shape of the Milky Way dark matter halo and the possible presence of a 'dark disc'. I stress the strengths and weaknesses of different methodologies and highlight the continuing need for detailed tests on mock data - particularly in the light of recently discovered evidence for disequilibria in the Milky Way disc. I highlight several recent measurements in order of increasing data complexity and prior, and, correspondingly, decreasing formal error bars. Comparing these measurements with spherical extrapolations from the Milky Way's rotation curve, I show that the Milky Way is consistent with having a spherical dark matter halo at the Solar position R0. The very latest measures based on ~10,000 stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey appear to favour little halo flattening at R0, suggesting that the Galaxy has a rather weak dark matter disc, with a correspondingly quiescent merger history [Abridged].

62 pages, 11 Figures. Replaced with final version published in Journal of Physics G. A high resolution version is available here: http://personal.ph.surrey.ac.uk/~jr0018/Papers/localdm_review.pdf

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• Parker Bounds on Monopoles with Arbitrary Charge from Galactic and Primordial Magnetic Fields
• Multilepton signals of heavier electroweakinos at the LHC
• Constraint on dark matter central density in the Eddington inspired Born-Infeld (EiBI) gravity with input from Weyl gravity
• Can Stellar Discs in a Cosmological Setting Avoid Forming Strong Bars?
• Asymmetric capture of Dirac dark matter by the Sun
• How to calculate dark matter direct detection exclusion limits that are consistent with gamma rays from annihilation in the Milky Way halo
• First Search for Ultralight Dark Matter Using a Magnetically Levitated Particle
• Bosenovae with Quadratically-Coupled Scalars in Quantum Sensing Experiments
• Resonant Electric Probe to Axionic Dark Matter
• Jeans that fit: weighing the mass of the Milky Way analogues in the $\Lambda \mathrm{CDM}$ universe
• Jeans analysis of the Galactic thick disk and the local dark matter density
• First spiral arm detection using dynamical mass measurements of the Milky Way disk
• Search for ultralight dark matter with a frequency adjustable diamagnetic levitated sensor
• Measuring the local Dark Matter density in the laboratory
• Equilibrium axisymmetric halo model for the Milky Way and its implications for direct and indirect DM searches
• Sliding into DM: Determining the local dark matter density and speed distribution using only the local circular speed of the Galaxy
• Conservative constraints on the effective theory of dark matter-nucleon interactions from IceCube: the impact of operator interference
• Recommended conventions for reporting results from direct dark matter searches
• Axion oscillations in binary systems: angle-action surgery
• Connecting direct and indirect detection with a dark spike in the cosmic-ray electron spectrum
• Taiwan Axion Search Experiment with Haloscope: CD102 Analysis Details
• Weighing the Local Interstellar Medium using Gamma Rays and Dust
• Upper Limit on the Central Density of Dark Matter in the Eddington inspired Born-Infield (EiBI) Gravity
• Enhancing Direct Detection of Higgsino Dark Matter
• Axion electrodynamics: Energy-momentum tensor, and possibilities for experimental tests
• On the origin of the asymmetric dwarf galaxy distribution around Andromeda
• Massive graviton dark matter searches with long-baseline atom interferometers
• A Primer on Dark Matter
• Resolved Stellar Populations as Tracers of Outskirts
• A method to calculate the local density distribution of the Galaxy from the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution data
• Low-metallicity stellar halo populations as tracers of dark matter haloes
• Limits on Magnetized Quark-Nugget Dark Matter from Episodic Natural Events
• TeV gamma-ray sensitivity to velocity-dependent dark matter models in the Galactic Center
• Towards a fully consistent Milky Way disk model V. The disk model for 4 $-$ 14 kpc
• Measuring the Matter Density of the Galactic Disk Using Stellar Streams
• Dark Spin-2 Field Solitons as a Source of Electromagnetic Radiation
• First measurement of the triaxiality of the inner dark matter halo of the Milky Way
• Non-Virialized Axion Search Sensitive to Doppler Effects in the Milky Way Halo
• Variation of the quadrupole hyperfine structure and nuclear radius due to an interaction with scalar and axion dark matter
• Ultimate light-shining-through-a-wall experiments to establish QCD axions as the dominant form of dark matter
• MeV neutrino dark matter: Relic density, lepton flavour violation and electron recoil
• The Case for a Large-Scale Occultation Network
• Freezing In with Lepton Flavored Fermions
• CTA in the Context of Searches for Particle Dark Matter - a glimpse
• Searching for scalar field dark matter with hyperfine transitions in alkali atoms
• Constraining Dwarf Spheroidal Dark Matter Halos With The Galactic Center Excess
• Mass content of UGC 6446 and UGC 7524 through HI rotation curves: deriving the stellar discs from stellar population synthesis models
• Strong Constraints on Dark Photon and Scalar Dark Matter Decay from INTEGRAL and AMS-02 data
• Hawking Radiation Signatures from Primordial Black Holes Transiting the Inner Solar System: Prospects for Detection
• Boosting Asymmetric Charged DM via Thermalization
• Detecting dilute axion stars constrained by fast radio bursts in the Solar System via stimulated decay
• The dark Stodolsky effect: constraining effective dark matter operators with spin-dependent interactions
• Weighing the Darkness III: How Gaia Could, but Probably Won't, Astrometrically Detect Free-Floating Black Holes
• Confronting cosmic ray electron and positron excesses with hybrid triplet Higgs portal dark matter
• Enhanced nuclear Schiff and electric dipole moments in nuclei with an octupole deformation
• Could trapped quintessence account for the laser-detuning-dependent acceleration of cold atoms in varying-frequency time-of-flight experiments?
• Neural Network Reconstruction of Non-Gaussian Initial Conditions from Dark Matter Halos
• Gravitational waves from an eccentric population of primordial black holes orbiting Sgr A${}^{\star }$
• Decoherence from Long-Range Forces in Atom Interferometry
• Notes on primordial black hole origin for thermal gamma-ray bursts
• Electroweak Dark Matter
• Estimating the baryonic masses of face-on spiral galaxies from stellar kinematics
• Signature of polarized ultralight vector dark matter in pulsar timing arrays
• Probing the nature of gravity in the low-acceleration limit: wide binaries of extreme separations with perspective effects
• A Search for Magnetized Quark Nuggets (MQNs), a Candidate for Dark Matter, Accumulating in Iron Ore
• MOND and Methodology
• Testing the predictions of axisymmetric distribution functions of galactic dark matter with hydrodynamical simulations
• Neutrinos from captured dark matter in galactic stars
• Generalised hydrogen interactions with $\text{CINCO}$: a window to new physics
• An introduction to axions and their detection
• Solar wind bremsstrahlung off DM in our solar system
• SENSEI: A Search for Diurnal Modulation in sub-GeV Dark Matter Scattering
• Gamma-ray emission from primordial black hole-neutron star interaction
• Models of ultra-heavy dark matter visible to macroscopic mechanical sensing arrays
• Earth-Scattering Induced Modulation in Low-Threshold Dark Matter Experiments
• Listening for ultra-heavy dark matter with underwater acoustic detectors
• Information-theoretic astrophysical uncertainties in the effective theory of dark matter direct detection
• Dark biportals at direct detection
• The Sensitivity of PUEO to Cosmogenic Neutrinos and Exotic Physics Scenarios
• Search for Dark Photons between 16.96--19.52 $\mu$eV with the HAYSTAC Experiment
• Searching for dark photon dark matter from terrestrial magnetic fields
• Dark Matter Clumps as Sources of Gravitational-Wave Glitches in LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA data
• The Search for the Cosmological Axion -- A New Refined Narrow Mass Window and Detection Scheme
• Searching for Dark Photons with Existing Haloscope Data
• Comparing dark matter and MOND hyphotheses from the distribution function of A, F, early-G stars in the solar neighbourhood
• Charting galactic accelerations II: how to 'learn' accelerations in the solar neighbourhood
• Search for gamma-ray spectral lines from dark matter annihilation with the H.E.S.S. Inner Galaxy Survey
• Projected Sensitivity of Paleo-Detectors to Dark Matter Effective Interactions with Nuclei
• Uncertainties in measuring the dark matter signal from Milky Way satellites using Cherenkov telescopes
• Complementarity of experiments in probing the non-relativistic effective theory of dark matter-nucleon interactions
• A Tilt in the Dark Matter Halo of the Galaxy
• Understanding the Galaxy
• New Constraint on the Local Relic Neutrino Background Overdensity with the First KATRIN Data Runs