Screened Fifth Forces Mediated by Dark Matter-Baryon Interactions: Theory and Astrophysical Probes

Abstract

We derive the details of a new screening mechanism where the interactions of baryons and dark matter can be screened according to the local dark matter density. In this mechanism, the value of Newton's constant is dark matter density-dependent, allowing for the possibility that astrophysical phenomena are very different in galaxies less dense than the Milky Way. The parameterized post Newtonian parameter $\gamma$, which quantifies the difference between kinematical and lensing probes, also depends on dark matter density. We calculate the effects of varying $G$ on various stages of stellar evolution, focusing on observables that impact cosmology: the Cepheid period--luminosity relation and the supernova Ia magnitude--redshift relation. Other potential tests of the model are also investigated including main-sequence, post-main sequence, and low mass dwarf stars. Finally, we discuss how extragalactic tests of $\gamma$ could provide complementary constraints.

arXiv commentEqn. 40 corrected and Fig. 7 (right) updated. Conclusions unchanged

References in corpus (92)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA)
• Modified Gravity and Cosmology
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Binaries, Pulsations, and Explosions
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Convective Boundaries, Element Diffusion, and Massive Star Explosions
• Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a 1% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics Beyond LambdaCDM
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Pulsating Variable Stars, Rotation, Convective Boundaries, and Energy Conservation
• Chameleon Fields: Awaiting Surprises for Tests of Gravity in Space
• Chameleon Cosmology
• Beyond the Cosmological Standard Model
• Dark Energy after GW170817: dead ends and the road ahead
• Strong constraints on cosmological gravity from GW170817 and GRB 170817A
• Dark Energy after GW170817 and GRB170817A
• Tests of the Gravitational Inverse-Square Law
• Implications of the Neutron Star Merger GW170817 for Cosmological Scalar-Tensor Theories
• Healthy theories beyond Horndeski
• Cosmological Tests of Modified Gravity
• Symmetron Fields: Screening Long-Range Forces Through Local Symmetry Restoration
• Horndeski theory and beyond: a review
• Transforming gravity: from derivative couplings to matter to second-order scalar-tensor theories beyond the Horndeski Lagrangian
• The Local Dark Matter Density
• Testing General Relativity in Cosmology
• Particle Physics Implications of a Recent Test of the Gravitational Inverse Square Law
• The Hubble Constant
• Null energy condition and superluminal propagation
• Tests of Chameleon Gravity
• k-Mouflage gravity
• Disformal invariance of second order tensor-scalar theories: framing the Horndeski action
• The Dilaton and Modified Gravity
• Gravitational Rainbows: LIGO and Dark Energy at its Cutoff
• Dark energy in Horndeski theories after GW170817: A review
• Graviton Mass Bounds
• Astrophysical Tests of Modified Gravity: Constraints from Distance Indicators in the Nearby Universe
• CFHTLenS: Testing the Laws of Gravity with Tomographic Weak Lensing and Redshift Space Distortions
• Galileon Gravity in Light of ISW, CMB, BAO and $H_0$ data
• A precise extragalactic test of General Relativity
• No-Go Theorems for Generalized Chameleon Field Theories
• Relativistic Stars in Beyond Horndeski Theories
• A local resolution of the Hubble tension: The impact of screened fifth forces on the cosmic distance ladder
• Piercing the Vainshtein screen with anomalous gravitational wave speed: Constraints on modified gravity from binary pulsars
• Constraining mixing in massive stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud
• Astrophysical Probes of the Vainshtein Mechanism: Stars and Galaxies
• Hydrogen Burning in Low Mass Stars Constrains Alternative Gravity Theories
• A Compendium of Chameleon Constraints
• Linear perturbations in Galileon gravity models
• Testing chameleon gravity with the Coma cluster
• Testing Gravity Using Dwarf Stars
• Modified Gravity Makes Galaxies Brighter
• Self-accelerating universe in scalar-tensor theories after GW170817
• Using Gaia DR2 to Constrain Local Dark Matter Density and Thin Dark Disk
• The XMM Cluster Survey: Testing chameleon gravity using the profiles of clusters
• Galaxy-Scale Strong Lensing Tests of Gravity and Geometric Cosmology: Constraints and Systematic Limitations
• Disformal Theories of Gravity: From the Solar System to Cosmology
• Dark energy after GW170817, revisited
• Screening fifth forces in generalized Proca theories
• Testing Gravity Using Galaxy Clusters: New Constraints on Beyond Horndeski Theories
• Complementarity of Weak Lensing and Peculiar Velocity Measurements in Testing General Relativity
• RCSLenS: Testing gravitational physics through the cross-correlation of weak lensing and large-scale structure
• Type Ia supernovae, standardisable candles, and gravity
• Tests of Gravity with Future Space-Based Experiments
• Vainshtein regime in Scalar-Tensor gravity: constraints on DHOST theories
• Tests of Modified Gravity with Dwarf Galaxies
• Stars In Other Universes: Stellar structure with different fundamental constants
• Towards Strong Field Tests of Beyond Horndeski Gravity Theories
• Stellar Oscillations in Modified Gravity
• Disformal Gravity Theories: A Jordan Frame Analysis
• Astrophysical Tests of Modified Gravity: the Morphology and Kinematics of Dwarf Galaxies
• Pixelated Dark Energy
• Towards Viable Cosmological Models of Disformal Theories of Gravity
• Shaken, not stirred: kinetic mixing in scalar-tensor theories of gravity
• Equivalence Principle Violation in Vainshtein Screened Two-Body Systems
• Astrophysical Tests of Modified Gravity: Stellar and Gaseous Rotation Curves in Dwarf Galaxies
• Probing gravity with a joint analysis of galaxy and CMB lensing and SDSS spectroscopy
• Splashback in galaxy clusters as a probe of cosmic expansion and gravity
• On the Blue Loops of Intermediate-Mass Stars
• Solar System Constraints on Disformal Gravity Theories
• Effective field theory for gravitational radiation in scalar-tensor gravity
• CLASH-VLT: Testing the Nature of Gravity with Galaxy Cluster Mass Profiles
• A Universe Without Dark Energy: Cosmic Acceleration from Dark Matter-Baryon Interactions
• The Fifth Force in the Local Cosmic Web
• Fifth force constraints from the separation of galaxy mass components
• On the screening mechanism in DHOST theories evading gravitational wave constraints
• Fifth force constraints from galaxy warps
• Gravitational Effects of Disformal Couplings
• Stellar Pulsations in Beyond Horndeski Gravity Theories
• Tests of Gravity Theories Using Supermassive Black Holes
• The evolution of AGB stars with convective overshoot
• Disformally Coupled Scalar Fields and Inspiralling Trajectories
• Astrophysical Tests of Modified Gravity
• Superfluids and the Cosmological Constant Problem
• A low-$z$ test for interacting dark energy
• On the Impact of Cepheid Outliers on the Distance Ladder

Cited by in corpus (28)

• Early Dark Energy Does Not Restore Cosmological Concordance
• The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
• Early dark energy from massive neutrinos -- a natural resolution of the Hubble tension
• Gravity in the Era of Equality: Towards solutions to the Hubble problem without fine-tuned initial conditions
• The Novel Probes Project -- Tests of Gravity on Astrophysical Scales
• Testing Screened Modified Gravity
• Beyond the Standard Model Explanations of GW190521
• Direct detection of dark energy: the XENON1T excess and future prospects
• No-go guide for the Hubble tension : Late-time solutions
• Neutrino-Assisted Early Dark Energy: Theory and Cosmology
• Screened fifth forces lower the TRGB-calibrated Hubble constant too
• Modified Gravity and the Black Hole Mass Gap
• A gravitational constant transition within cepheids as supernovae calibrators can solve the Hubble tension
• Constraints on galileons from the positions of supermassive black holes
• Time-dependent $G$ in Einstein's equations as an alternative to the cosmological constant
• Alleviating the Hubble-constant tension and the growth tension via a transition of absolute magnitude favored by the Pantheon+ sample
• Impact of symmetron screening on the Hubble tension: new constraints using cosmic distance ladder data
• A 5% measurement of the gravitational constant in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• Solar chameleons: Novel channels
• Imprints of screened dark energy on nonlocal quantum correlations
• Effects of a local physics change on the SH0ES determination of $H_0$
• Chameleon Early Dark Energy and the Hubble Tension
• Calibrating galaxy formation effects in galactic tests of fundamental physics
• Challenges to a sharp change in $G$ as a solution to the Hubble tension
• An investigation of a varying G through Strong Lensing and SNe Ia observations
• Can Dark Energy Emerge from a Varying $G$ and Spacetime Geometry?
• Analytic Marginalization over Binary Variables in Physics Data
• Investigating a Possible Variation of the Gravitational Constant Through Gas Mass Fraction Measurements and Type Ia Supernovae Observations