Beyond the Standard Model Explanations of GW190521

Abstract

The LIGO/Virgo collaboration has recently announced the detection of a heavy binary black hole merger, with component masses that cannot be explained by standard stellar structure theory. In this letter we propose several explanations based on models of new physics, including new light particle losses, modified gravity, large extra dimensions, and a small magnetic moment of the neutrino. Each of these affect the physics of the pair-instability differently, leading to novel mechanisms for forming black holes inside the black hole mass gap.

Four pages, one figure. Comments welcome

References in corpus (22)

• Dynamics of dark energy
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA)
• GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of $150M_{\odot }$
• Beyond the Cosmological Standard Model
• Pulsational Pair-Instability Supernovae
• Properties and astrophysical implications of the 150 Msun binary black hole merger GW190521
• The Effect of Pair-Instability Mass Loss on Black Hole Mergers
• Mind the gap: The location of the lower edge of the pair instability supernovae black hole mass gap
• Very massive stars, pair-instability supernovae and intermediate-mass black holes with the SEVN code
• Merging black holes in young star clusters
• The 12C(a,g)16O reaction and its implications for stellar helium burning
• The Evolution of Massive Helium Stars Including Mass Loss
• Lectures on the Cosmological Constant Problem
• Polluting the pair-instability mass gap for binary black holes through super-Eddington accretion in isolated binaries
• Modified gravity inside astrophysical bodies
• The impact of stellar rotation on the black hole mass-gap from pair-instability supernovae
• Solar axions cannot explain the XENON1T excess
• Towards Strong Field Tests of Beyond Horndeski Gravity Theories
• Generation of massive stellar black holes by rapid gas accretion in primordial dense clusters
• Stellar Pulsations in Beyond Horndeski Gravity Theories
• Modified Gravity and the Black Hole Mass Gap
• Elimination of the Blue Loops in the Evolution of Intermediate-mass Stars by the Neutrino Magnetic Moment and Large Extra Dimensions

Cited by in corpus (56)

• Hierarchical mergers of stellar-mass black holes and their gravitational-wave signatures
• Rates of Compact Object Coalescences
• The Forward Physics Facility: Sites, Experiments, and Physics Potential
• Searching for a subpopulation of primordial black holes in LIGO/Virgo gravitational-wave data
• Primordial gravitational waves from NANOGrav: a broken power-law approach
• Superradiance evolution of black hole shadows revisited
• Four eccentric mergers increase the evidence that LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA's binary black holes form dynamically
• Signs of eccentricity in two gravitational-wave signals may indicate a sub-population of dynamically assembled binary black holes
• Is GW190521 the merger of black holes from the first stellar generations?
• Cover Your Basis: Comprehensive Data-Driven Characterization of the Binary Black Hole Population
• Detectable environmental effects in GW190521-like black-hole binaries with LISA
• A multimode quasi-normal spectrum from a perturbed black hole
• Population III Binary Black Holes: Effects of Convective Overshooting on Formation of GW190521
• Examining the end of inflation with primordial black holes mass distribution and gravitational waves
• Formation of Binary Black Holes Similar to GW190521 with a Total Mass of $\sim 150M_{\odot }$ from Population III Binary Star Evolution
• Search for subsolar-mass binaries in the first half of Advanced LIGO and Virgo's third observing run
• The Stellar Merger Scenario for Black Holes in the Pair-instability Gap
• The Formation of Intermediate Mass Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei
• Ain't No Mountain High Enough: Semi-Parametric Modeling of LIGO-Virgos Binary Black Hole Mass Distribution
• Compact Binary Coalescences: Astrophysical Processes and Lessons Learned
• Find the Gap: Black Hole Population Analysis with an Astrophysically Motivated Mass Function
• Poking Holes: Looking for Gaps in LIGO/Virgo's Black Hole Population
• A Study of Primordial Very Massive Star Evolution
• Filling the Black Hole Mass Gap: Avoiding Pair Instability in Massive Stars through Addition of Non-Nuclear Energy
• GW190521 from the Merger of Ultra-Dwarf Galaxies
• Growth of stellar mass black holes in dense molecular clouds and GW190521
• Fermi gas and modified gravity
• High mass but low spin: an exclusion region to rule out hierarchical black-hole mergers as a mechanism to populate the pair-instability mass gap
• Lithium abundance is a gravitational model dependent quantity
• Metric-affine gravity effects on terrestrial (exo-)planets profiles
• Jupiter and jovian (exo)-planets in Palatini $f(\bar{R})$ gravity
• GW190521 formation scenarios via relativistic accretion
• Dark Black Holes in the Mass Gap
• Can GW231123 have a stellar origin?
• Repeated mergers of black hole binaries: implications for GW190521
• Giant planet formation in Palatini gravity
• Planetary seismology as a test of modified gravity proposals
• Non-homogeneous exoplanets in metric-affine gravity
• Premature Black Hole Death of Population III Stars by Dark Matter
• Neutrino Electromagnetic Properties and the Weak Mixing Angle at the LHC Forward Physics Facility
• A Study of Primordial Very Massive Star Evolution. II. Stellar Rotation and Gamma-Ray Burst Progenitors
• Hypercritical accretion during common envelopes in triples leading to binary black holes in the pair-instability-supernova mass gap
• Shortcut in codimension-2 brane cosmology in light of GW170817
• Dark Fluxes from Accreting Black Holes and Direct Detections
• Light Curves and Event Rates of Axion Instability Supernovae
• Black Holes LIGO/Virgo Domination and Single-lined Binaries with a Black Hole Candidate Component
• Is GW190521 a gravitational wave echo of wormhole remnant from another universe?
• Light Axion Emission and the Formation of Merging Binary Black Holes
• Impact of Simultaneous Stellar Modeling Uncertainties on the Tip of the Red Giant Branch for Axion-Election Coupling
• Detectability of Massive Boson Stars using Gravitational Waves from Fundamental Oscillations
• Letter of Intent: The Forward Physics Facility
• Relativistic Coulomb Screening in Pulsational Pair Instability Supernovae
• The Forward Physics Facility at the High-Luminosity LHC
• Explaining the LIGO black hole mass function with field binaries: Revisiting Stellar Evolution at low Metallicity or Invoking Growth via gas accretion?
• Axion Instability Supernovae
• Capability for detection of GW190521-like binary black holes with TianQin