Obtaining Precision Constraints on Modified Gravity with Helioseismology

Abstract

We propose helioseismology as a new, precision probe of fifth forces at astrophysical scales, and apply it on the most general scalar-tensor theories for dark energy, known as Degenerate Higher-Order Scalar-Tensor theories (DHOST). We explain how the effect of the fifth force on the solar interior leaves an observable imprint on the acoustic oscillations, and under certain assumptions we numerically compute the non-radial pulsation eigenfrequencies within modified gravity. We illustrate its constraining power by showing that helioseismic observations have the potential to improve constraints on the strength of the fifth force by more than $2$ orders of magnitude, as $-1.8\cdot 10^{-3}\le Y\le 1.2\cdot 10^{-3}$ (at $2\sigma$). This in turn would suggest constraints of similar order for the theory's free functions around a cosmological background (${\alpha }_{\text{H}},{\beta }_1$).

5 pages + references, 4 figures. Version published in Physical Review Letters

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• DHOST gravity in Ultra-diffuse galaxies -- Part II: NGC 1052-DF4 and Dragonfly 44
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• Recent Developments in Degenerate Higher Order Scalar Tensor Theories
• Cosmic magnification in beyond-Horndeski gravity
• DHOST gravity in Ultra-diffuse galaxies -- Part I: the case of NGC1052-DF2
• Refining Bounds for Snyder and GUP Models through Seismic Wave Analysis