The Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) Spectral Library: Cool Stars

Abstract

We present a 0.8 -5 micron spectral library of 210 cool stars observed at a resolving power of R = lambda / Delta lambda ~ 2000 with the medium-resolution infrared spectrograph, SpeX, at the 3.0 m NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. The stars have well established MK spectral classifications and are mostly restricted to near-solar metallicities. The sample contains the F, G, K, and M spectral types with luminosity classes between I and V, but also includes some AGB, carbon, and S stars. In contrast to some other spectral libraries, the continuum shape of the spectra are measured and preserved in the data reduction process. The spectra are absolutely flux calibrated using Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) photometry. Potential uses of the library include studying the physics of cool stars, classifying and studying embedded young clusters and optically obscured regions of the Galaxy, evolutionary population synthesis to study unresolved stellar populations in optically-obscured regions of galaxies, and synthetic photometry. The library is available in digital form from the IRTF website.

accepted for publication in ApJS

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• K2-288Bb: A Small Temperate Planet in a Low-mass Binary System Discovered by Citizen Scientists
• TESS discovery of a sub-Neptune orbiting a mid-M dwarf TOI-2136
• A Novel Survey for Young Substellar Objects with the W-band filter II. The Coolest and Lowest Mass Members of the Serpens-South Star-forming Region
• Dynamical masses of M-dwarf binaries in young moving groups: I - The case of TWA 22 and GJ 2060
• Fingerprints of Stellar Populations in the Near-Infrared: An Optimised Set of Spectral Indices in the JHK-Bands
• A brown dwarf companion to the intermediate-mass star HR6037
• Evolution from protoplanetary to debris discs: The transition disc around HD 166191
• Red Supergiant Candidates for Multimessenger Monitoring of the Next Galactic Supernova
• Young stellar population gradients in central cluster galaxies from NUV and optical spectroscopy
• Discovery of New Companions to High Proper Motion Stars from the VVV Survey
• Observations of Type Ia Supernova 2014J with FLITECAM/SOFIA
• Discovery And Characterization of Wide Binary Systems With a Very Low Mass Component
• Planets Around Low-Mass Stars (PALMS). II. A Low-Mass Companion to the Young M Dwarf GJ 3629 Separated By 0.2"
• SRGA J181414.6-225604: A new Galactic symbiotic X-ray binary outburst triggered by an intense mass loss episode of a heavily obscured Mira variable
• GJ 806 (TOI-4481): A bright nearby multi-planetary system with a transiting hot, low-density super-Earth
• The Inner Disk and Accretion Flow of the Close Binary DQ Tau
• A multi-epoch, multi-wavelength study of the classical FUor V1515 Cyg approaching quiescence
• Massive stars in the giant molecular cloud G23.3-0.3 and W41
• The continued optical to mid-IR evolution of V838 Monocerotis
• ACME Stellar Spectra. I. Absolutely Calibrated, Mostly Empirical Flux Densities of 55 Cancri and its Transiting Planet 55 Cancri e
• K-Band Spectroscopy of (Pre-)Cataclysmic Variables: Are Some Donor Stars Really Carbon Poor?
• The 2008 outburst in the Young Stellar System Z CMa. III - Multi-epoch high-angular resolution images and spectra of the components in near-infrared
• Identification of dusty massive stars in star-forming dwarf irregular galaxies in the Local Group with mid-IR photometry
• New Red Jewels in Coma Berenices
• Analysis of first overtone bands of isotopologues of CO and SiO in stellar spectra
• XSL: The X-Shooter Spectral Library
• Understanding Fundamental Properties and Atmospheric Features of Subdwarfs via a Case Study of SDSS J125637.13-022452.4
• Near-infrared spectroscopy of candidate red supergiant stars in clusters
• A low-mass eclipsing binary within the fully convective zone from the NGTS
• Measuring Optical Extinction Towards Young Stellar Objects Using Diffuse Interstellar Bands
• Metallicity Dependence of Giant Planets around M Dwarfs
• Mg II and Fe II fluxes of luminous quasars at z ~ 2.7 and evaluation of the Baldwin effect in the flux-to-abundance conversion method for quasars
• Near-Infrared Structure of Fast and Slow Rotating Disk Galaxies
• Circumnuclear star formation in Mrk 42 mapped with Gemini Near-infrared Integral Field Spectrograph
• Characterization of the known T type dwarfs towards the Sigma Orionis cluster
• Detection of an Earth-sized exoplanet orbiting the nearby ultracool dwarf star SPECULOOS-3
• Temporal and spatial variations of the absolute reflectivity of Jupiter and Saturn from 0.38 to 1.7 $\mu$m with PlanetCam-UPV/EHU
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: Bayesian analysis of the star formation history of low-mass galaxies in the local Universe
• The Compact Star-Forming Complex at the Heart of NGC 253
• VVV-WIT-08: the giant star that blinked
• Adaptive Optics Observations of 3 micron Water Ice in Silhouette Disks in the Orion Nebula Cluster and M43
• Using broadband photometry to examine the nature of Long Secondary Periods in red giants
• Fluctuation Spectroscopy: A New Probe of Old Stellar Populations
• Infrared Spectroscopy of HR 4796A's Bright Outer Cometary Ring + Tenuous Inner Hot Dust Cloud
• Sequential star formation in IRAS 06084-0611 (GGD 12-15): From intermediate-mass to high-mass stars
• The Great Dimming of the hypergiant star RW Cephei: CHARA Array images and spectral analysis
• IGRINS spectroscopy of Class I sources: IRAS 03445+3242 and IRAS 04239+2436
• The polluted atmosphere of the white dwarf NLTT 25792 and the diversity of circumstellar environments
• Spectral Evidence for an Inner Carbon-Rich Circumstellar Dust Belt in the Young HD36546 A-Star System
• Long Term Evolution of Surface Features on the Red Supergiant AZ Cyg
• First spectroscopic observations of the sub-stellar companion of the young debris disk star PZ Telescopii
• Young Stellar Clusters Containing Massive Young Stellar Objects in the VVV Survey
• A Surprising Dynamical Mass for V773~Tau~B
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Dragonfish Association: The Galaxy's Most Luminosity OB Association
• High-resolution TNG spectra of T Tauri stars: Near-IR GIANO observations of the young variables XZ Tau and DR Tau
• High Contrast Thermal Infrared Spectroscopy with ALES: The 3-4$\mu$m Spectrum of $\kappa$ Andromedae b
• Investigating 2MASS J06593158-0405277: a FUor burst in a triple system?
• TESS discovery of a super-Earth orbiting the M dwarf star TOI-1680
• Deep $z$-band observations of the coolest Y dwarf
• Properties of ultra-cool dwarfs with Gaia. An assessment of the accuracy for the temperature determination
• An atlas of bright star spectra in the near infrared from Cassini-VIMS
• Project 1640 Observations of Brown Dwarf GJ 758 B: Near-Infrared Spectrum and Atmospheric Modeling
• The Giant Herbig-Haro Flow HH 212 and Associated Star Formation
• Hazy with a chance of star spots: constraining the atmosphere of the young planet, K2-33b
• Stellar parameters for the First Release of the MaStar Library: An Empirical Approach
• Strong spectral features from asymptotic giant branch stars in distant quiescent galaxies
• Stellar and circumstellar properties of visual binaries in the Orion Nebula Cluster
• The APOGEE Library of Infrared SSP Templates (A-LIST): High-Resolution Simple Stellar Population Spectral Models in the H-Band
• The convective surface of the red supergiant Antares. VLTI/PIONIER interferometry in the near infrared
• 2MASS J154043.42-510135.7: a new addition to the 5 pc population
• Infrared spectroscopy of the remnant of Nova Sco 2014: a symbiotic star with too little circumstellar matter to decelerate the ejecta
• An optical--near-IR study of a triplet of super star clusters in the starburst core of M82
• Abundant Methanol Ice toward a Massive Young Stellar Object in the Central Molecular Zone
• The First Galaxy Cluster Discovered by the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea Survey
• Correction of the VIR-Visible data set from the Dawn mission
• A low-luminosity type-1 QSO sample. V. Overluminous host spheroids and their excitation mechanisms
• Near Infrared spectroscopic indices for unresolved stellar populations. I. Template galaxy spectra
• Massive open star clusters using the VVV survey IV. WR 62-2, a new very massive star in the core of the VVV CL041 cluster
• Direct Imaging discovery of a second planet candidate around the possibly transiting planet host CVSO 30
• A New Method for Characterizing Very-Low-Mass Companions with Low Resolution Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
• The first frost in the Pipe Nebula
• Red Supergiants in the JWST Era. I: Near-IR Photometric Diagnostics
• Surface Brightness Fluctuation spectra to constrain stellar population properties
• TESS discovery of two super-Earths orbiting the M-dwarf stars TOI-6002 and TOI-5713 near the radius valley
• M dwarfs in the b201 tile of the VVV survey: Colour-based Selection, Spectral Types and Light Curves
• ExoVista: A Suite of Planetary System Models for Exoplanet Studies
• Three New Galactic Center X-ray Sources Identified with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
• Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) spectral library II: New indices in Y, J, H, and L atmospheric windows
• A low-mass triple system with a wide L/T transition brown dwarf component: NLTT 51469AB/SDSS 2131-0119
• [Fe II] emissions associated with the young interacting binary UY Aurige
• Confirming new white dwarf-ultracool dwarf binary candidates
• Destruction of wide binary stars in low mass elliptical galaxies: implications for initial mass function estimates
• Multiple episodes of star formation in the CN15/16/17 molecular complex
• Single Stellar Populations in the Near-Infrared - I. Preparation of the IRTF spectral stellar library
• GCIRS 7, a pulsating M1 supergiant at the Galactic centre. Physical properties and age
• Identification of late-type stars of class I
• PSR B0656+14: the unified outlook from the infrared to X-rays
• Properties of the solar neighbor WISE J072003.20-084651.2
• Imaging the innermost circumstellar environment of the red supergiant WOH G64 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
• A transiting giant planet in orbit around a 0.2-solar-mass host star
• Massive Young Stellar Objects in the Galactic Center. II. Seeing Through the Ice-rich Envelopes
• The young stellar content of the giant HII regions M8, G333.6-0.2, and NGC6357 with VLT/KMOS
• Zodiacal Exoplanets in Time (ZEIT) XII: A Directly-Imaged Planetary-Mass Companion to a Young Taurus M Dwarf Star
• Evidence for Evolution Among Primordial Disks in the 5 Myr Old Upper Scorpius OB Association
• Correlating Changes in Spot Filling Factors with Stellar Rotation: The Case of LkCa 4
• NGTS J214358.5-380102 -- NGTS discovery of the most eccentric known eclipsing M-Dwarf binary system
• On Disentangling IMF Degeneracies in Integrated Light
• NSV 11749: Symbiotic Nova, Not a Born-Again Red Giant
• Characterization of the Companion to $\mu$ Her
• BG Tri an example of a low inclination RW Sex-type novalike
• Raven and the Center of Maffei 1: Multi-Object Adaptive Optics Observations of the Center of a Nearby Elliptical Galaxy and the Detection of an Intermediate Age Population
• Cluster Glimpses with Raven: AO Corrected Near and Mid-Infrared Images of Glimpse C01 and Glimpse C02
• Near-infrared spectroscopy of 20 new Chandra sources in the Norma Arm
• Near-infrared spectroscopic indices for unresolved stellar populations. II. Index measurements
• Measuring the alpha-abundance of subsolar-metallicity stars in the Milky Way's central half-parsec: testing globular cluster and dwarf galaxy infall scenarios
• Red supergiant stars in IC 1613 and metallicity-dependent mixing length in the evolutionary model
• Spatially resolved gas and stellar kinematics in compact starburst galaxies
• A hot mini-Neptune and a temperate, highly eccentric sub-Saturn around the bright K-dwarf TOI-2134
• TOI-4336 A b: A temperate sub-Neptune ripe for atmospheric characterization in a nearby triple M-dwarf system
• Sunscreen: Photometric Signatures of Galaxies Partially Cloaked in Dyson Spheres
• Seeing Red in NGC 1978, NGC 55, and NGC 3109
• Evidence for Variable, Correlated X-ray and Optical/IR Extinction toward the Nearby, Pre-main Sequence Binary TWA 30
• The stellar mass function and efficiency of galaxy formation with a varying initial mass function
• Yunnan-III models for Evolutionary population synthesis
• Spectroscopy of Candidate Members of the Sco-Cen Complex
• The young stellar cluster [DBS2003] 157 associated with the H II region GAL 331.31-00.34
• Discovery of a Possible Cool White Dwarf Companion from the AllWISE Motion Survey
• On the inner disk structure of MWC480: evidence for asymmetries?
• Phase-dependent photometric and spectroscopic characterization of the MASTER-Net Optical Transient J212444.87+321738.3: an oxygen rich Mira
• A transitional disk around an intermediate mass star in the sparse population of the Orion OB1 Association
• The Low-Mass Companion to the Lithium-Depleted, Spectroscopic Binary HBC 425 (St 34)
• Interpretation of a Variable Reflection Nebula Associated with HBC 340 and HBC 341 in NGC 1333
• Project 1640 Observations of the White Dwarf HD 114174 B
• A multiwavelength view of the protostellar binary IRAS04325+2402: a case for turbulent fragmentation
• SDSS-IV MaStar: Stellar Parameter Determination with Continuum-Supplemented Full-Spectrum Fitting
• A Low-mass, Pre-main-sequence Eclipsing Binary in the 40 Myr Columba Association -- Fundamental Stellar Parameters and Modeling the Effect of Star Spots
• Infrared Spectroscopic Survey of the Quiescent Medium of Nearby Clouds: II. Ice Formation and Grain Growth in Perseus and Serpens
• COol Companions ON Ultrawide orbiTS (COCONUTS). III. A Very Red L6 Benchmark Brown Dwarf around a Young M5 Dwarf
• RW Aur A : SpeX Spectral Evidence for Differentiated Planetesimal Formation, Migration and Destruction in an 3 Myr Old Excited CTTS System
• Obscured AGNs in Bulgeless Hosts discovered by WISE: The Case Study of SDSS J1224+5555
• Photometric and Spectroscopic Study of the Supergiant with an Infrared Excess V1027 Cygni
• Unveiling a new structure behind the Milky Way
• Tracers of Stellar Mass-loss - II. Mid-IR Colors and Surface Brightness Fluctuations
• Near-infrared Brightness of the Galilean Satellites Eclipsed in Jovian Shadow: A New Technique to Investigate Jovian Upper Atmosphere
• Characterisation of close visual binaries from the AstraLux Large M Dwarf Survey
• Inferring the Helium abundance of extragalactic Globular Clusters using Integrated Spectra
• A Novel Survey for Young Substellar Objects with the W band Filter.V. IC 348 and Barnard 5 in the Perseus Cloud
• A Novel Survey for Young Substellar Objects with the W-band filter III: Searching for very low mass brown dwarfs in Serpens South and Serpens Core
• A massive AGB donor in Scutum X-1: Identification of the first Mira variable in an X-ray binary
• The nature of the embedded intermediate-mass T Tauri star DK Cha
• Identification of metal-poor stars using the artificial neural network
• The embedded clusters DBS 77, 78, 102, and 160-161 and their link with the interstellar medium
• Spectroscopic survey of faint planetary-nebula nuclei. II. The subdwarf O central star of Fr 2-30
• H-alpha as a Luminosity Class Diagnostic for K- and M-type Stars
• Bolometric Flux Estimation for Cool Evolved Stars
• Surface Brightness Fluctuations to constrain secondary stellar populations: Revealing very low-metallicity stars in massive galaxies
• CO radial gradients in the bulge of M31
• K2 Targets Observed with SPHERE/VLT: An M4-7 Dwarf Companion Resolved around EPIC 206011496
• Wavelength-Dependent Extinction and Grain Sizes in Dippers
• Revisiting the extremely long-period cataclysmic variables V479 Andromedae and V1082 Sagitarii
• Radio and IR study of the massive star-forming region IRAS 16353-4636
• MOLsphere and pulsations of the Galactic Center's red supergiant GCIRS 7 from VLTI/GRAVITY
• On the origin of the near-infrared emission from the neutron-star low-mass X-ray binary GX 9+1
• A Study of Mid-Infrared Sources that Dramatically Brightened
• Widespread Shocks in the Nucleus of NGC 404 Revealed by Near-infrared Integral Field Spectroscopy
• SAFARI I: A SPHERE discovery of a super metal-rich M dwarf companion to the star HD 86006
• Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Faint Discrete X-ray Point Sources Constituting the Galactic Ridge X-ray Emission
• On-sky demonstration at Palomar Observatory of the near-IR, high-resolution VIPA spectrometer
• An optimised survey strategy for the ERIS/NIX imager: searching for young giant exoplanets and very low mass brown dwarfs using the K-peak custom photometric filter
• A Gemini-NIFS view of the merger remnant NGC 34
• One of Everything: The Breakthrough Listen Exotica Catalog
• Characterising Young Visual M-dwarf Binaries with Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectra
• Know the Star, Know the Planet. V. Characterization of the Stellar Companion to the Exoplanet Host HD 177830
• Multi-wavelength Observations of MWC 297: Constraints on Disk Inclination and Mass Outflow
• Dynamical mass of the white dwarf in XY Ari: a test for intermediate polar X-ray spectral models
• TP-AGB stars and stellar population properties of a post-starburst galaxy at $z\sim 2$ through optical and NIR spectroscopy with JWST
• Puzzling radial gradients of K-band absorption features in the giant elliptical galaxy M87
• MANGOS II: Five new giant planets orbiting low-mass stars
• TOI-1743 b, TOI-5799 b, TOI-5799 c and TOI-6223 b: TESS discovery and validation of four super-Earth to Neptune-sized planets around M dwarfs
• The recurrent nova V3890~Sgr: a near-infrared and optical study of the red giant component and its environment
• Discovery of a brown dwarf with quasi-spherical mass-loss
• Validation of a Temperate Fourth Planet in the K2-133 Multi-planet System
• New Insight into the FS CMa System MWC 645 from Near-Infrared and Optical Spectroscopy
• The Near-Infrared Spectrum of the Nuclear Star Cluster: Looking Below the Tip of the Iceberg and Comparisons with Extragalactic Nuclei
• Red Supergiants in the Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies
• Spectroscopic and photometric monitoring of a poorly known high-luminous OH/IR star: IRAS 18278+0931
• TOI-7166 b: A Habitable Zone mini-Neptune planet around a nearby low-mass star
• Infrared interferometric imaging of the compact dust disk around the AGB star HR3126 with the bipolar Toby Jug Nebula
• Magellanic System Stars Identified in SMACS J0723.3-7327 James Webb Space Telescope Early Release Observations Images
• Extragalactic globular cluster near-infrared spectroscopy: I. Integrated near-infrared spectra of Centaurus A/NGC 5128
• Optical/IR studies of Be stars in NGC 6834 with emphasis on two specific stars
• $H$-band Temperature and Metallicity Indicators for Cool Giants: Empirical Relations in Bayesian Framework
• Stellar populations from H-band VLT spectroscopy in a sample of seven active galaxies
• Spectral classification of Pleiades brown dwarf candidates
• Hazy blue worlds: A holistic aerosol model for Uranus and Neptune, including Dark Spots
• Low-Resolution Near-infrared Stellar Spectra Observed by the Cosmic Infrared Background Experiment (CIBER)
• Infrared Spectroscopy of Nearby Radio Active Early-Type Galaxies -- II: Spectral Atlas
• SMARTY: The mileS Moderate resolution neAr-infRared sTellar librarY
• A large sub-Neptune transiting the thick-disk M4V TOI-2406
• Backlighting young stellar objects in the Central Molecular Zone: an ensemble-averaged abundance structure of methanol ices
• SDSS-IV MaStar: Determination of Stellar Parameters Using Bayesian Averaging
• Ross 19B: An Extremely Cold Companion Discovered via the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Citizen Science Project
• Low ionization lines in high luminosity quasars: The calcium triplet
• The LF of TP-AGB stars in the LMC and SMC
• Surface Brightness Fluctuations for constraining the chemical enrichment of massive galaxies
• An AGB Star with a Thick Circumstellar Shell
• Extragalactic Supergiants
• Carbon stars in the X-Shooter Spectral Library: II. Comparison with models
• SPAN: A cross-platform Python GUI software for optical and near-infrared spectral analysis
• Herbig Ae/Be candidate stars in the innermost Galactic disk: Quartet cluster
• The Variation of Circumstellar Parameters through Early Stellar Evolution
• Disentangling auroral, cloud and magnetic spot driven variability in three early L-dwarfs with HST/WFC3
• The X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL): Data Release 3