Observational properties of a general relativistic instability supernova from a primordial supermassive star

Abstract

We present the expected observational properties of a general relativistic instability supernova (GRSN) from the 55,500 Msun primordial (Population III) star. Supermassive stars exceeding 1e4 Msun may exist in the early Universe. They are generally considered to collapse through the general relativistic instability to be seed black holes to form supermassive (~ 1e9 Msun) black holes observed as high-redshift quasars. Some of them, however, may explode as GRSNe if the explosive helium burning unbinds the supermassive stars following the collapse triggered by the general relativistic instability. We perform the radiation hydrodynamics simulation of the GRSN starting shortly before the shock breakout. We find that the GRSN is characterized by a long-lasting (550 d) luminous (1.5e44 erg/s) plateau phase with the photospheric temperature of around 5000 K in the rest frame. The plateau phase lasts for decades when it appears at high redshifts and it will likely be observed as a persistent source in the future deep near-infrared imaging surveys. Especially, the near-infrared images reaching 29 AB magnitude that can be obtained by Galaxy and Reionization EXplorer (G-REX) and James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) allow us to identify GRSNe up to z ~ 15. Deeper images enable us to discover GRSNe at even higher redshifts. Having extremely red color, they can be distinguished from other persistent sources such as high-redshift galaxies by using color information. We conclude that the deep near-infrared images are able to constrain the existence of GRSNe from the primordial supermassive stars in the Universe even without the time domain information.

arXiv comment8 pages, 9 figures, accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

References in corpus (68)

• The Dust Content and Opacity of Actively Star-Forming Galaxies
• A luminous quasar at a redshift of z = 7.085
• An 800-million-solar-mass black hole in a significantly neutral Universe at redshift 7.5
• A Survey of z>5.8 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey I: Discovery of Three New Quasars and the Spatial Density of Luminous Quasars at z~6
• Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis Version 2.1: construction, observational verification and new results
• Formation of the First Supermassive Black Holes
• A Survey of z>5.7 Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey II: Discovery of Three Additional Quasars at z>6
• An ultra-luminous quasar with a twelve-billion-solar-mass black hole at redshift 6.30
• The Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) Spectral Library: Cool Stars
• The Assembly of the First Massive Black Holes
• An Infrared Spectroscopic Sequence of M, L and T Dwarfs
• Strong Nebular Line Ratios in the Spectra of z~2-3 Star-forming Galaxies: First Results from KBSS-MOSFIRE
• Galaxy Zoo Green Peas: Discovery of A Class of Compact Extremely Star-Forming Galaxies
• An updated analytic model for the attenuation by the intergalactic medium
• The Pan-STARRS1 distant z>5.6 quasar survey: more than 100 quasars within the first Gyr of the universe
• Protostellar Feedback Halts the Growth of the First Stars in the Universe
• Second-Generation Objects in the Universe: Radiative Cooling and Collapse of Halos with Virial Temperatures Above 10^4 Kelvin
• Characterizing the V-band light-curves of hydrogen-rich type II supernovae
• Primordial Star Formation under the Influence of Far Ultraviolet Radiation: 1540 Cosmological Halos and the Stellar Mass Distribution
• The Mass Spectrum of the First Stars
• A comparative modeling of supernova 1993J
• Radiation hydrodynamics of SN 1987A: I. Global analysis of the light curve for the first 4 months
• Evidence for Ubiquitous, High-EW Nebular Emission in z~7 Galaxies: Towards a Clean Measurement of the Specific Star Formation Rate using a Sample of Bright, Magnified Galaxies
• Primordial Star Formation under Far-ultraviolet radiation
• CASTRO: A New Compressible Astrophysical Solver. I. Hydrodynamics and Self-Gravity
• Theoretical light curves for deflagration models of Type Ia supernova
• Four quasars above redshift 6 discovered by the Canada-France High-z Quasar Survey
• The Formation of the First Stars II. Radiative Feedback Processes and Implications for the Initial Mass Function
• Ubiquitous seeding of supermassive black holes by direct collapse
• The Most Luminous Supernovae
• The early UV/Optical emission from core-collapse supernovae
• Z > 7 galaxies with red Spitzer/IRAC [3.6]-[4.5] colors in the full CANDELS data set: the brightest-known galaxies at Z ~ 7-9 and a probable spectroscopic confirmation at Z=7.48
• Collapse of a Rotating Supermassive Star to a Supermassive Black Hole: Fully Relativistic Simulations
• Feedback-regulated Super Massive Black Hole Seed Formation
• Supernovae from Red Supergiants with Extensive Mass Loss
• The critical radiation intensity for direct collapse black hole formation: dependence on the radiation spectral shape
• Superluminous supernovae
• On the number density of "direct collapse" black hole seeds
• An X-shooter composite of bright 1 < z < 2 quasars from UV to infrared
• The VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey: Nature, ISM properties, and ionizing spectra of CIII]1909 emitters at z=2-4
• The Birth of a Massive First-Star Binary
• Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). X. Discovery of 35 Quasars and Luminous Galaxies at 5.7 $\le$ z $\le$ 7.0
• Shock Breakout Emission from a Type Ib/c Supernova: XRT 080109/SN 2008D
• The Final Fates of Accreting Supermassive Stars
• The Subaru high-z quasar survey: discovery of faint z~6 quasars
• Cosmological Simulations of Early Blackhole Formation: Halo Mergers, Tidal Disruption, and the Conditions for Direct Collapse
• Inferring Explosion Properties from Type II-Plateau Supernova Light Curves
• Bolometric Light Curves for 33 Type II-Plateau Supernovae
• CASTRO: A New Compressible Astrophysical Solver. II. Gray Radiation Hydrodynamics
• Relativistic collapse and explosion of rotating supermassive stars with thermonuclear effects
• The Type II-P Supernova 2017eaw: from explosion to the nebular phase
• Type IIP supernova light curves affected by the acceleration of red supergiant winds
• Shock Breakout in Type II Plateau Supernovae: Prospects for High Redshift Supernova Surveys
• Radiation hydrodynamics simulations of the formation of direct-collapse supermassive stellar systems
• General Relativistic Instability Supernova of a Supermassive Population III Star
• A two-component model for fitting light-curves of core-collapse supernovae
• The First High Redshift Quasar from Pan-STARRS
• Gravitational Collapse of Rotating Supermassive Stars including Nuclear Burning Effects
• Supermassive Population III Supernovae and the Birth of the First Quasars
• The Biggest Explosions in the Universe
• On the nature of rapidly fading Type II supernovae
• Fallback accretion powered supernova light curves based on a neutrino-driven explosion simulation of a 40 Msun star
• Shock breakouts from red supergiants: analytical and numerical predictions
• The Final Fate of Supermassive $M\sim 5\times 10^4{M}_{\odot }$ Pop III Stars: Explosion or Collapse?
• A Massive Star's Dying Breaths: Pulsating Red Supergiants and Their Resulting Type IIP Supernovae
• Stability of rigidly rotating supermassive stars against gravitational collapse
• Comparing Moment-Based and Monte Carlo Methods of Radiation Transport Modeling for Type II-Plateau Supernova Light Curves
• Multicolor light curves simulations of Population III core-collapse supernovae: from shock breakout to ${}^{56}$Co decay

Cited by in corpus (11)

• Modeling Supermassive Primordial Stars with MESA
• Stability analysis of supermassive primordial stars: a new mass range for general relativistic instability supernovae
• Ionizing photon production of Population III stars: effects of rotation, convection, and initial mass function
• Evolution and explosions of metal enriched supermassive stars: proton rich general relativistic instability supernovae
• Particle Acceleration in Mildly Relativistic Outflows of Fast Energetic Transient Sources
• Pulsations of primordial supermassive stars induced by a general relativistic instability; visible to JWST at z$>$12
• Neutrino emission from the collapse of $\sim 10^4$ $M_{\odot }$ population III supermassive stars
• Photometric IGM Tomography: Efficiently Mapping Quasar Light Echoes with Deep Narrow Band Imaging
• Identification of Intermediate-mass Black Hole Candidates Among a Sample of Sd Galaxies
• Search strategies for supermassive stars in young clusters and application to nearby galaxies
• Signatures of Exploding Supermassive PopIII Stars at High Redshift in JWST, EUCLID and Roman Space Telescope