Spatial segregation of dust grains in transition disks. SPHERE observations of 2MASS J16083070-3828268 and RXJ1852.3-3700

Abstract

Context. The mechanisms governing the opening of cavities in transition disks are not fully understood. Several processes have been proposed but their occurrence rate is still unknown. Aims. We present spatially resolved observations of two transition disks and aim at constraining their vertical and radial structure using multiwavelength observations. Methods. We have obtained near-IR scattered light observations with VLT/SPHERE of the transition disks J1608 and J1852. We complement our datasets with ALMA observations and with unresolved photometric observations covering a wide range of wavelengths. We performed radiative transfer modeling to analyze the morphology of the disks and compare the results with a sample of 20 other transition disks observed with both SPHERE and ALMA. Results. The scattered light image of J1608 reveals a very inclined disk, with two bright lobes and a large cavity. J1852 shows an inner ring extending beyond the coronagraphic radius up to 15au, a gap and a second ring at 42au. Our radiative transfer model of J1608 indicates that the millimeter-sized grains are less extended vertically and radially than the micron-sized grains, indicating advanced settling and radial drift. We find good agreement with the observations of J1852 with a similar model, but due to the low inclination of the system, the model remains partly degenerate. The analysis of 22 transition disks shows that, in general, the cavities observed in scattered light are smaller than the ones detected at millimeter wavelengths. Conclusions. The analysis of a sample of transition disks indicates that the small grains can flow inward of the region where millimeter grains are trapped. While 15 out of the 22 cavities in our sample could be explained by a planet of less than 13 Jupiter masses, the others either require the presence of a more massive companion or of several low-mass planets.

arXiv commentAccepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics

References in corpus (109)

• Gaia Data Release 2. Summary of the contents and survey properties
• Discovery of a planetary-mass companion within the gap of the transition disk around PDS 70
• Dust coagulation in protoplanetary disks: a rapid depletion of small grains
• ALMA Survey of Lupus Protoplanetary Disks I: Dust and Gas Masses
• A Major Asymmetric Dust Trap in a Transition Disk
• VOSA: Virtual Observatory SED Analyzer. An application to the Collinder 69 open cluster
• On the Submillimeter Opacity of Protoplanetary Disks
• X-Shooter spectroscopy of young stellar objects in Lupus: Accretion properties of class II and transitional objects
• The effect of dust settling on the appearance of protoplanetary disks
• Dust and Gas in the disc of HL Tauri: Surface density, dust settling, and dust-to-gas ratio
• Monte Carlo radiative transfer in protoplanetary disks
• Discovery of Small-Scale Spiral Structures in the Disk of SAO 206462 (HD 135344B): Implications for the Physical State of the Disk from Spiral Density Wave Theory
• Observations of gas flows inside a protoplanetary gap
• Consistent dust and gas models for protoplanetary disks. I. Disk shape, dust settling, opacities, and PAHs
• Gaps, Rings, and Non-Axisymmetric Structures in Protoplanetary Disks - From Simulations to ALMA Observations
• ALMA Survey of Lupus Protoplanetary Disks II: Gas Disk Radii
• Disks ARound TTauri Stars with Sphere (DARTTS-S) I: Sphere / IRDIS Polarimetric Imaging of 8 prominent TTauri Disks
• Spiral Density Waves in a Young Protoplanetary Disk
• A Kinematical Detection of Two Embedded Jupiter Mass Planets in HD 163296
• Benchmark problems for continuum radiative transfer. High optical depths, anisotropic scattering, and polarisation
• LkCa 15: A Young Exoplanet Caught at Formation?
• Asymmetric features in the protoplanetary disk MWC758
• CASSIS: The Cornell Atlas of Spitzer/IRS Sources
• Kinematic evidence for an embedded protoplanet in a circumstellar disc
• Mapping the Shores of the Brown Dwarf Desert II: Multiple Star Formation in Taurus-Auriga
• Accreting Protoplanets in the LkCa 15 Transition Disk
• Observational Signatures of Planets in Protoplanetary Disks I: Gaps Opened by Single and Multiple Young Planets in Disks
• Protoplanetary disc evolution and dispersal: the implications of X-ray photoevaportion
• Orbital and atmospheric characterization of the planet within the gap of the PDS 70 transition disk
• ALMA unveils rings and gaps in the protoplanetary system HD 169142: signatures of two giant protoplanets
• Structures in the protoplanetary disk of HD142527 seen in polarized scattered light
• Shadows and spirals in the protoplanetary disk HD 100453
• Mapping the Shores of the Brown Dwarf Desert I.: Upper Scorpius
• Shadows cast on the transition disk of HD 135344B. Multiwavelength VLT/SPHERE polarimetric differential imaging
• Dust settling in local simulations of turbulent protoplanetary disks
• The minimum mass of detectable planets in protoplanetary discs and the derivation of planetary masses from high resolution observations
• Cavity opening by a giant planet in a protoplanetary disc and effects on planetary migration
• Circumbinary, not transitional: On the spiral arms, cavity, shadows, fast radial flows, streamers and horseshoe in the HD142527 disc
• Discovery of a Companion Candidate in the HD169142 Transition Disk and the Possibility of Multiple Planet Formation
• The Eccentric Cavity, Triple Rings, Two-Armed Spirals, and Double Clumps of the MWC 758 Disk
• On the gas content of transitional disks: a VLT/X-Shooter study of accretion and winds
• Different dust and gas radial extents in protoplanetary disks: consistent models of grain growth and CO emission
• Wave-like warp propagation in circumbinary discs I. Analytic theory and numerical simulations
• Direct detection of scattered light gaps in the transitional disk around HD 97048 with VLT/SPHERE
• Gas structure inside dust cavities of transition disks: Oph IRS 48 observed by ALMA
• Detection of [Ne II] Emission from Young Circumstellar Disks
• Can dead zones create structures like a transition disk?
• Planet formation signposts: observability of circumplanetary disks via gas kinematics
• Can grain growth explain transition disks?
• Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems (FEPS): Primordial Warm Dust Evolution From 3-30 Myr around Sun-like Stars
• What is the Mass of a Gap-Opening Planet?
• An Enigmatic Pointlike Feature within the HD 169142 Transitional Disk
• Evolution of protoplanetary disks from their taxonomy in scattered light: spirals, rings, cavities, and shadows
• Imaging diagnostics for transitional discs
• Evidence for a massive dust-trapping vortex connected to spirals: a multi-wavelength analysis of the HD~135344B protoplanetary disk
• Recovery of the Candidate Protoplanet HD 100546 b with Gemini/NICI and Detection of Additional (Planet-Induced?) Disk Structure at Small Separations
• Probing the turbulent mixing strength in protoplanetary disks across the stellar mass range: no significant variations
• Multiple rings in the transition disk and companion candidates around RXJ1615.3-3255. High contrast imaging with VLT/SPHERE
• Homogeneous Analysis of the Dust Morphology of Transition Disks Observed with ALMA: Investigating dust trapping and the origin of the cavities
• Shadows and asymmetries in the T Tauri disk HD 143006: Evidence for a misaligned inner disk
• The SPHERE view of the planet-forming disk around HD100546
• Pulsed Accretion onto Eccentric and Circular Binaries
• Discovery of a point-like source and a third spiral arm in the transition disk around the Herbig Ae star MWC 758
• A Close-up View of the Young Circumbinary Disk HD 142527
• The Structure of the Evolved Circumbinary Disk around V4046 Sgr
• A cavity and further radial substructures in the disk around HD~97048
• The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP): X. Multiple rings, a misaligned inner disk, and a bright arc in the disk around the T Tauri star HD 143006
• A Closer Look at the LkCa 15 Protoplanetary Disk
• An inner warp in the DoAr 44 T Tauri transition disk
• An opening criterion for dust gaps in protoplanetary discs
• The circumstellar disk HD169142: gas, dust and planets acting in concert?
• Optical imaging polarimetry of the LkCa 15 protoplanetary disk with SPHERE ZIMPOL
• Dust distribution in protoplanetary disks - Vertical settling and radial migration
• Dust settling and rings in the outer regions of protoplanetary discs subject to ambipolar diffusion
• Probing stellar accretion with mid-infrared hydrogen lines
• Search for young stars among ROSAT All-Sky Survey X-ray sources in and around the R CrA dark cloud
• The (w)hole survey: an unbiased sample study of transition disk candidates based on Spitzer catalogs
• Non-azimuthal linear polarization in protoplanetary disks
• Spatial separation of small and large grains in the transitional disk around the young star IRS 48
• Turbulence in weakly-ionized proto-planetary disks
• Resolving the planet-hosting inner regions of the LkCa 15 disk
• Observability of planet-disc interactions in CO kinematics
• Comparison of the dust and gas radial structure in the transition disk [PZ99] J160421.7-213028
• Dust modeling of the combined ALMA and SPHERE datasets of HD163296. Is HD163296 really a Meeus group II disk?
• Investigation of the inner structures around HD169142 with VLT/SPHERE
• Variable Outer Disk Shadowing Around the Dipper Star RX J1604.3-2130
• Variable dynamics in the inner disk of HD 135344B revealed with multi-epoch scattered light imaging
• Testing giant planet formation in the transitional disk of SAO 206462 using deep VLT/SPHERE imaging
• The SEEDS High Contrast Imaging Survey of Exoplanets around Young Stellar Objects
• On the stratified dust distribution of the GG Tau circumbinary ring
• Differences in the gas and dust distribution in the transitional disk of a sun-like young star, PDS 70
• HD 169142 in the eyes of ZIMPOL/SPHERE
• Variability and dust filtration in the transition disk J160421.7-213028 observed in optical scattered light
• Compact dust concentration in the MWC 758 protoplanetary disk
• A ring-like concentration of mm-sized particles in Sz 91
• A 80 au cavity in the disk around HD 34282
• ALMA study of the HD 100453 AB system and the tidal interaction of the companion with the disk
• New constraints on the disk characteristics and companion candidates around T Cha with VLT/SPHERE
• First scattered light detection of a nearly edge-on transition disk around the T Tauri star RY Lup
• A layered edge-on circumstellar disk around HK Tau B
• Structure and Composition of Two Transitional Circumstellar Disks in Corona Australis
• HST Scattered Light Imaging and Modeling of the Edge-on Protoplanetary Disk ESO-H$\alpha$ 569
• High-Resolution Submillimeter and Near-Infrared Studies of the Transition Disk around Sz 91
• Subaru/HiCIAO $H{K}_{\mathrm{s}}$ imaging of LkH$\alpha$ 330 - multi-band detection of the gap and spiral-like structures
• Herschel-PACS observations of far-IR lines in YSOs I: [OI] and H2O at 63 microns
• Design, analysis, and testing of a microdot apodizer for the Apodized Pupil Lyot Coronagraph. II. The dot size impact. (Research Note)
• Remnant gas in evolved circumstellar disks: Herschel PACS observations of 10-100 Myr old disk systems
• Growing dust grains in protoplanetary discs - III. Vertical settling
• Searching for spectroscopic binaries within transition disk objects

Cited by in corpus (44)

• Observations of Protoplanetary Disk Structures
• Observations of edge-on protoplanetary disks with ALMA I. Results from continuum data
• Dust depleted inner disks in a large sample of transition disks through long-baseline ALMA observations
• A highly settled disk around Oph 163131
• On the diversity of asymmetries in gapped protoplanetary disks
• A stellar mass dependence of structured disks: a possible link with exoplanet demographics
• A multi-frequency ALMA characterization of substructures in the GM Aur protoplanetary disk
• Perturbers: SPHERE detection limits to planetary-mass companions in protoplanetary disks
• Gap, shadows, spirals, streamers: SPHERE observations of binary-disk interactions in GG Tau A
• On the secular evolution of the ratio between gas and dust radii in protoplanetary discs
• Steady-state accretion in magnetized protoplanetary disks
• HST spectra reveal accretion in MY Lupi
• Transition disks: the observational revolution from SEDs to imaging
• Kinematics and brightness temperatures of transition discs -- A survey of gas substructures as seen with ALMA
• Large gaps and high accretion rates in photoevaporative transition disks with a dead zone
• Dual-Wavelength ALMA Observations of Dust Rings in Protoplanetary Disks
• exoALMA IV: Substructures, Asymmetries, and the Faint Outer Disk in Continuum Emission
• The Giant Accreting Protoplanet Survey (GAPlanetS) -- Results from a Six Year Campaign to Image Accreting Protoplanets
• ISPY-NACO Imaging Survey for Planets around Young stars. The demographics of forming planets embedded in protoplanetary disks
• A high-resolution survey of protoplanetary disks in Lupus and the nature of compact disks
• An Inner Disk in the Large Gap of the Transition Disk SR 24S
• Observed polarized scattered light phase functions of planet-forming disks
• Dust Traps and the Formation of Cavities in Transition Discs: A millimetre to sub-millimetre comparison survey
• The edge-on protoplanetary disk HH 48 NE I. Modeling the geometry and stellar parameters
• Self-consistent modelling of the dust component in protoplanetary and circumplanetary disks: the case of PDS 70
• Quantitative polarimetry of the disk around HD 169142
• External or internal companion exciting the spiral arms in CQ Tau?
• The impact of dust evolution on the dead zone outer edge in magnetized protoplanetary disks
• A millimeter-multiwavelength continuum study of VLA 1623 West
• Dust entrainment in photoevaporative winds: Densities and imaging
• Improving Planet Detection with Disk Modeling: Keck/NIRC2 Imaging of the HD 34282 Single-armed Protoplanetary Disk
• NaCo polarimetric observations of Sz 91 transitional disk: a remarkable case of dust filtering
• Distributions of gas and small and large grains in the LkH$\alpha 330$ disk trace a young planetary system
• Near-IR observations of the young star [BHB2007]-1: A sub-stellar companion opening the gap in the disk
• ALMA Observations of the Inner Cavity in the Protoplanetary Disk around Sz 84
• The grazing angle icy protoplanetary disk PDS 453
• An HST/STIS View of Protoplanetary Disks in Upper Scorpius: Observations of Three Young M-Stars
• Confirmation of a ring structure in the disk around MP Mus (PDS 66) with ALMA Band 7 observations
• Scattering and sublimation: a multi-scale view of $\mu$m-sized dust in the inclined disc of HD 145718
• Planet-forming disks and their environment across regions and time from the full NIR census
• Dust evolution in pre-stellar cores
• Peering through the veil: Investigating protoplanetary disk outer edges using backside visibility
• exoALMA XXIII. Estimating Disk and Planet Properties from Dust Morphologies with DBNets2.0
• Theoretical model of HD 163296 presently forming in-situ planets and comparison with the models of AS 209, HL Tau, and TW Hya