Microlensing constraints on primordial black holes with the Subaru/HSC Andromeda observation

Abstract

Primordial black holes (PBHs) have long been suggested as a viable candidate for the elusive dark matter (DM). The abundance of such PBHs has been constrained using a number of astrophysical observations, except for a hitherto unexplored mass window of $M_{\mathrm{PBH}}=[10^{-14},10^{-9}]M_{\odot }$. Here we carry out a dense-cadence (2~min sampling rate), 7 hour-long observation of the Andromeda galaxy (M31) with the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam to search for microlensing of stars in M31 by PBHs lying in the halo regions of the Milky Way (MW) and M31. Given our simultaneous monitoring of tens of millions of stars in M31, if such light PBHs make up a significant fraction of DM, we expect to find many microlensing events for the PBH DM scenario. However, we identify only a single candidate event, which translates into the most stringent upper bounds on the abundance of PBHs in the mass range $M_{\mathrm{PBH}}\simeq [10^{-11},10^{-6}]M_{\odot }$.

arXiv comment43 pages, 25 figures, 2 tables. Made significant revision of the microlensing event rate calculation taking into account both effects of finite source size and wave optics

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• Dimming Starlight with Dark Compact Objects
• Primordial Black Hole Triggered Type Ia Supernovae II: Comparison with Supernova Remnants and Galactic Chemical Evolution
• Primordial black holes and induced gravitational waves from localized features in DBI inflation
• Enhanced extragalactic photon flux by PBH in a stimulated axion/ALP decay scenario
• Gravitational microlensing constraints on primordial black holes by Euclid
• Evolution of primordial black holes in an adiabatic FLRW universe with gravitational particle creation
• Microscopic primordial black holes as macroscopic dark matter from large extra dimensions
• Primordial Black Holes: A Review of Formation and Evolution
• The Dark Side of the Moon: Listening to Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves
• Primordial black holes capture by stars and induced collapse to low-mass stellar black holes
• Excess of substructure due to primordial black holes
• Development of generic no-scale inflation
• Prospects for detecting asteroid-mass primordial black holes in extreme mass-ratio inspirals with continuous gravitational waves
• Excursion-set for Primordial Black Holes I: white noise and moving barrier
• Novel Solar System Probes for Primordial Black Holes
• Primordial Black Hole Formation and Multimessenger Signals in a Complex Singlet Extension of the Standard Model
• FFT based evaluation of microlensing magnification with extended source
• Fast and Fewrious: Stochastic binary perturbations from fast compact objects
• Primordial black hole formation in k-inflation models
• Primordial black holes and scalar induced gravitational waves from sound speed resonance in non-minimal derivative coupling inflation model