Exploring the high-redshift PBH-$\Lambda$CDM Universe: early black hole seeding, the first stars and cosmic radiation backgrounds

Abstract

We explore the observational implications of a model in which primordial black holes (PBHs) with a broad birth mass function ranging in mass from a fraction of a solar mass to $\sim$10${}^6$ M${}_{\odot }$, consistent with current observational limits, constitute the dark matter component in the Universe. The formation and evolution of dark matter and baryonic matter in this PBH-\LambdaCDM~Universe are presented. In this picture, PBH DM mini-halos collapse earlier than in standard \LambdaCDM, baryons cool to form stars at $z\sim 15-20$, and growing PBHs at these early epochs start to accrete through Bondi capture. The volume emissivity of these sources peaks at $z\sim 20$ and rapidly fades at lower redshifts. As a consequence, PBH DM could also provide a channel to make early black hole seeds and naturally account for the origin of an underlying dark matter halo - host galaxy and central black hole connection that manifests as the $M_{\mathrm{bh}}-\sigma$ correlation. To estimate the luminosity function and contribution to integrated emission power spectrum from these high-redshift PBH DM halos, we develop a Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) model. In addition to tracing the star formation and reionizaton history, it permits us to evaluate the Cosmic Infrared and X-ray Backgrounds (CIB and CXB). We find that accretion onto PBHs/AGN successfully accounts for the detected backgrounds and their cross-correlation, with the inclusion of an additional IR stellar emission component. Detection of the deep IR source count distribution by the JWST could reveal the existence of this population of high-redshift star-forming and accreting PBH DM.

32 pages, 20 figures, accepted by ApJ on 10/22/2021

References in corpus (34)

• Cosmic Star Formation History
• GW190814: Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a 23 M${}_{\odot }$ Black Hole with a 2.6 M${}_{\odot }$ Compact Object
• Dark Matter Candidates from Particle Physics and Methods of Detection
• GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of $150M_{\odot }$
• Limits on the Macho Content of the Galactic Halo from the EROS-2 Survey of the Magellanic Clouds
• Cosmic Reionization and Early Star-Forming Galaxies: A Joint Analysis of New Constraints from Planck and Hubble Space Telescope
• Supermassive black hole formation during the assembly of pre-galactic discs
• Effect of Primordial Black Holes on the Cosmic Microwave Background and Cosmological Parameter Estimates
• Constraints on Earth-mass primordial black holes from OGLE 5-year microlensing events
• On the evidence for a common-spectrum process in the search for the nanohertz gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Formation of z ~ 6 quasars from hierarchical galaxy mergers
• CMB bounds on disk-accreting massive Primordial Black Holes
• An excess of small-scale gravitational lenses observed in galaxy clusters
• Two populations of metal-free stars in the early Universe
• The Global 21-cm Signal in the Context of the High-z Galaxy Luminosity Function
• Direct dark matter detection: the next decade
• Constraining the primordial black hole scenario with Bayesian inference and machine learning: the GWTC-2 gravitational wave catalog
• X-rays across the galaxy population I: tracing the main sequence of star formation
• The Chandra COSMOS legacy survey: Energy Spectrum of the Cosmic X-ray Background and constraints on undetected populations
• The Hard X-Ray Luminosity Function of High-Redshift ($3<z\lesssim 5$) Active Galactic Nuclei
• Is there an upper limit to black hole masses?
• Primordial black hole merger rates: distributions for multiple LIGO observables
• Exploring SMBH Assembly with Semi-analytic Modelling
• SRG/eROSITA uncovers the most X-ray luminous quasar at z>6
• The signature of primordial black holes in the dark matter halos of galaxies
• Supersonic Relative Velocity between Dark Matter and Baryons: A Review
• First constraints on the AGN X-ray luminosity function at $z\sim 6$ from an eROSITA-detected quasar
• SMBH Seeds from Dissipative Dark Matter
• Reconstructing emission from pre-reionization sources with cosmic infrared background fluctuation measurements by the JWST
• SDSS J1004+4112: the case for a galaxy cluster dominated by primordial black holes
• Cosmological advection flows in the presence of primordial black holes as dark matter and formation of first sources
• Cross-correlation between X-ray and optical/near-infrared background intensity fluctuations
• Imprints of Gravitational Millilensing on the Light Curve of GRBs
• Probing the cross-power of unresolved cosmic infrared and X-ray backgrounds with upcoming space missions

Cited by in corpus (40)

• The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics
• Observational Evidence for Primordial Black Holes: A Positivist Perspective
• Accelerating early massive galaxy formation with primordial black holes
• Anomalies in Physical Cosmology
• Primordial Black Holes
• Did JWST observe imprints of axion miniclusters or primordial black holes?
• Formation and Abundance of Late Forming Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter
• A persistent excess of galaxy-galaxy strong lensing observed in galaxy clusters
• Overmassive black holes at cosmic noon: linking the local and the high-redshift Universe
• Are the Newly-Discovered $z\sim 13$ Drop-out Sources Starburst Galaxies or Quasars?
• Effects of stellar-mass primordial black holes on first star formation
• Cosmic radiation backgrounds from primordial black holes
• The Second Radio Synchrotron Background Workshop: Conference Summary and Report
• Exploring a primordial solution for early black holes detected with the JWST
• How do Primordial Black Holes change the Halo Mass Function and Structure?
• Gravitational waves from mergers of Population III binary black holes: roles played by two evolution channels
• BASS. XXXVI. Constraining the Local Supermassive Black Hole - Halo Connection with BASS DR2 AGN
• Dark matter effect on black hole accretion disks
• Primordial black holes: constraints, potential evidence and prospects
• Novel bounds on decaying axionlike particle dark matter from the cosmic background
• Distinguishing the impact and signature of black holes from different origins in early cosmic history
• Fermi-GBM Observation of GRB 090717034: ${\chi }^2$ Test Confirms Evidence of Gravitational Lensing by a Supermassive Black Hole with Million Solar Mass
• The History of Primordial Black Holes
• The effect of Primordial Black Holes and streaming motions on structure formation
• Starlight from JWST: Implications for star formation and dark matter models
• Surveying the onset and evolution of supermassive black holes at high-z with AXIS
• Primordial Black Holes without fine-tuning from a light stochastic spectator field
• Primordial black-hole formation and heavy r-process element synthesis from the cosmological QCD transition. Two aspects of an inhomogeneous early Universe
• Astrophysics with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• Can Primordial Black Holes form in the Standard Model ?
• Primordial black holes as dark matter candidates: Multi-frequency constraints from cosmic radiation backgrounds
• Impact of primordial black holes on the formation of the first stars and galaxies
• High-redshift Galaxies from JWST Observations in More Realistic Dark Matter Halo Models
• Aspects of Quantum Gravity Phenomenology and Astrophysics
• Entropy of the Universe and Hierarchical Dark Matter
• Accretion of Galaxies around Supermassive Black Holes and a Theoretical Model of the Tully-Fisher and M-Sigma Relations
• Milliarcsecond-scale radio structure of the most distant BL Lac object candidate at redshift 6.57
• Fuzzy dark matter soliton core hosting a supermassive black hole as a dense low-mass perturber in strong gravitational lensing
• Primordial black holes capture by stars and induced collapse to low-mass stellar black holes
• Charged spherically symmetric black holes in the Lyra geometry and a preliminary investigation on the overcharging process