Probing compact dark matter with gravitational wave fringes detected by the Einstein Telescope

Abstract

Unlike the electromagnetic radiation from astrophysical objects, gravitational waves (GWs) from binary star mergers have much longer wavelengths and are coherent. For ground-based GW detectors, when the lens object between the source and the earth has mass $\sim 1-10^5{M}_{\odot }$, the diffraction effect should be considered since the chirping wavelengths are comparable to the scale of the barrier (its Schwarzschild radius). The waveform will thus be distorted as the fringes. In this work, we show that signals from the third-generation GW detectors like the Einstein Telescope (ET) would be a smoking gun for probing the nature of compact dark matter (CDM) or primordial black holes. Detection of the lensing effects becomes harder when the lens mass is smaller. ET is more sensitive than LIGO, the constraint is available for CDM mass $>5M_{\odot }$ while LIGO can only detect the mass $>100M_{\odot }$. For a null search of the fringes, one-year observation of ET can constrain the CDM density fraction to $\sim 10^{-2}-10^{-5}$ in the mass range $M_{\mathrm{CDM}}=10M_{\odot }-100M_{\odot }$.

6 pages, 3 figures, accepted by MNRAS

References in corpus (15)

• Limits on the Macho Content of the Galactic Halo from the EROS-2 Survey of the Magellanic Clouds
• Cosmic microwave background limits on accreting primordial black holes
• Effect of Primordial Black Holes on the Cosmic Microwave Background and Cosmological Parameter Estimates
• Understanding caustic crossings in giant arcs: characteristic scales, event rates, and constraints on compact dark matter
• The end of the MACHO era- revisited: new limits on MACHO masses from halo wide binaries
• On the Reported Death of the MACHO Era
• What if LIGO's gravitational wave detections are strongly lensed by massive galaxy clusters?
• Strong lensing of gravitational waves as seen by LISA
• Miniclusters in the Axiverse
• Gravitational Wave Interference via Gravitational Lensing: Measurements of Luminosity Distance, Lens Mass, and Cosmological Parameters
• The wave nature of continuous gravitational waves from microlensing
• New Constraints on Macroscopic Compact Objects as a Dark Matter Candidate from Gravitational Lensing of Type Ia Supernovae
• Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves and Electromagnetic Signals as Powerful Cosmic Rulers
• How does the Earth's rotation affect predictions of gravitational wave strong lensing rates?
• Black hole mass function and its evolution -- the first prediction for the Einstein Telescope

Cited by in corpus (22)

• Lensing of gravitational waves as a probe of compact dark matter
• Strongly Lensed Transient Sources: A Review
• Breaking the mass-sheet degeneracy with gravitational wave interference in lensed events
• Probing the nature of dark matter via gravitational waves lensed by small dark matter halos
• Constraints on compact dark matter with fast radio burst observations
• Search for lensing signatures from the latest fast radio burst observations and constraints on the abundance of primordial black holes
• Microlensing of gravitational waves by dark matter structures
• Lensing of gravitational waves: universal signatures in the beating pattern
• A Search for Millilensing Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Observations of Fermi GBM
• Detectability of lensed gravitational waves in matched-filtering searches
• On arrival time difference between lensed gravitational waves and light
• Constraints on the abundance of primordial black holes with different mass distributions from lensing of fast radio bursts
• Constraints on the abundance of supermassive primordial black holes from lensing of compact radio sources
• Constraints on compact dark matter from lensing of gravitational waves for the third-generation gravitational wave detector
• Gravitational wave microlensing by dressed primordial black holes
• Primordial black holes: constraints, potential evidence and prospects
• Compact Binaries through a Lens: Silent vs. Detectable Microlensing for the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Gravitational Wave Observatories
• Identifying Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves with the Third-generation Detectors
• Lensing and wave optics in the strong field of a black hole
• Lensing by primordial black holes: constraints from gravitational wave observations
• Probing Primordial black holes with the distortion of Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
• Gravitational Lensing of Gravitational Waves from Astrophysical Sources: Theory, Detection, and Applications