Probing Primordial black holes with the distortion of Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background

Abstract

The stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB), arising from the incoherent superposition of numerous compact binary coalescences, serves as a powerful probe of both astrophysical populations and fundamental physics. In this work, we investigate the influence of gravitational lensing on the SGWB, focusing on primordial black holes (PBHs) as potential lenses. Assuming PBHs as dark matter candidates with a broad cosmic distribution, we show that their lensing optical depth can be significantly enhanced, producing pronounced effects with relative deviations at the 10^-1 level. By systematically varying the PBH mass (M_PBH) and abundance (f_PBH), we demonstrate that the mass predominantly determines the frequency-dependent diffraction features of the spectrum, while the abundance primarily amplifies the overall lensing-induced deviation. Although the SGWB from binary black holes has not yet been observed, our analytical results provide theoretical insight into the possible imprint of lensing on its spectrum and suggest that future detections could offer a novel avenue to constrain dark matter scenarios.

9 pages, 7 figure; Accepted by Physical Review D

References in corpus (9)

• The Evolution of Stellar Mass and the Implied Star Formation History
• On the Evolutionary History of Stars and their Fossil Mass and Light
• The Impact of Star Formation and Gamma-Ray Burst Rates at High Redshift on Cosmic Chemical Evolution and Reionization
• Lensing of gravitational waves as a probe of compact dark matter
• Strongly Lensed Transient Sources: A Review
• The wave nature of continuous gravitational waves from microlensing
• Search for lensing signatures from the latest fast radio burst observations and constraints on the abundance of primordial black holes
• Bounds on abundance of primordial black hole and dark matter from EDGES 21-cm signal
• Gravitational wave background from extreme-mass-ratio inspirals

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Gravitational Lensing of Gravitational Waves from Astrophysical Sources: Theory, Detection, and Applications