Pulsar Timing Array Constraints on the Induced Gravitational Waves

Abstract

If the black holes detected by LIGO/VIRGO are primordial black holes (PBHs) sourcing from a large primordial curvature perturbation on small scales, the corresponding induced gravitational waves (GWs) would peak at nanohertz that is detectable by the current and future observations of pulsar timing array (PTA). In this paper we show that with the mass function estimated from the merger rate of LIGO O1 and O2 events, the induced GWs from such a curvature perturbation with a Gaussian narrow peak at some small scale would be in a seemingly mild tension with current constraints from PTA. However, if the curvature perturbation is of local-type non-Gaussianity with a non-linear parameter $f_{\text{NL}}\gtrsim \mathcal{O}(10)$, the tension could be relieved. Nevertheless, such an induced GWs must be detectable by the Square Kilometer Array in a decade or less.

arXiv comment23 pages, 7 figures; match the published version

References in corpus (133)

• Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs
• GW151226: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a 22-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence
• GW170104: Observation of a 50-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence at Redshift 0.2
• GW170814: A Three-Detector Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Coalescence
• TianQin: a space-borne gravitational wave detector
• GW170608: Observation of a 19-solar-mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence
• Did LIGO detect dark matter?
• Non-Gaussianity from Inflation: Theory and Observations
• New cosmological constraints on primordial black holes
• Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter
• Acoustic Signatures in the Primary Microwave Background Bispectrum
• Limits on the Macho Content of the Galactic Halo from the EROS-2 Survey of the Magellanic Clouds
• Primordial Black Hole Scenario for the Gravitational-Wave Event GW150914
• Detector configuration of KAGRA - the Japanese cryogenic gravitational-wave detector
• Gravitational Wave Spectrum Induced by Primordial Scalar Perturbations
• Density Perturbations and Black Hole Formation in Hybrid Inflation
• Gravitational-wave sensitivity curves
• Beyond LISA: Exploring Future Gravitational Wave Missions
• The cosmological gravitational wave background from primordial density perturbations
• The clustering of massive Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter: measuring their mass distribution with Advanced LIGO
• Semianalytic Calculation of Gravitational Wave Spectrum Nonlinearly Induced from Primordial Curvature Perturbations
• Microlensing constraints on primordial black holes with the Subaru/HSC Andromeda observation
• European Pulsar Timing Array Limits On An Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
• Primordial black holes from single field models of inflation
• Gravitational waves from scattering of stellar-mass black holes in galactic nuclei
• Detecting the Cosmic Gravitational Wave Background with the Big Bang Observer
• Gravitational waves from binary supermassive black holes missing in pulsar observations
• High-precision timing of 42 millisecond pulsars with the European Pulsar Timing Array
• Massive Primordial Black Holes from Hybrid Inflation as Dark Matter and the seeds of Galaxies
• Cosmic microwave background limits on accreting primordial black holes
• Low-frequency gravitational-wave science with eLISA/NGO
• The International Pulsar Timing Array: First Data Release
• The merger rate of primordial-black-hole binaries
• The North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves
• Gravitational Waves Induced by non-Gaussian Scalar Perturbations
• Relativistic second-order perturbations of the Einstein-de Sitter Universe
• Gravitational wave background as a probe of the primordial black hole abundance
• The NANOGrav 11-year Data Set: Pulsar-timing Constraints On The Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background
• Constraints on Earth-mass primordial black holes from OGLE 5-year microlensing events
• Gravitational Waves from Coalescing Black Hole MACHO Binaries
• A Cosmological Signature of the SM Higgs Instability: Gravitational Waves
• Large-scale structure, the cosmic microwave background, and primordial non-gaussianity
• Dynamics of Primordial Black Hole Formation
• Steepest growth of the power spectrum and primordial black holes
• Formation and Evolution of Primordial Black Hole Binaries in the Early Universe
• Gravitational Waves from Primordial Black Hole Mergers
• CMB bounds on disk-accreting massive Primordial Black Holes
• General Relativistic Dynamics of Irrotational Dust: Cosmological Implications
• Single Field Double Inflation and Primordial Black Holes
• Primordial Black Holes as Generators of Cosmic Structures
• Scalaron from $R^2$-gravity as a Heavy Field
• Gravitational Wave signatures of inflationary models from Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter
• Primordial gravitational waves, precisely: The role of thermodynamics in the Standard Model
• IndIGO and LIGO-India: Scope and Plans for Gravitational Wave Research and Precision Metrology in India
• Second-order Perturbations of the Friedmann World Model
• Inflationary primordial black holes for the LIGO gravitational wave events and pulsar timing array experiments
• Limits on stellar-mass compact objects as dark matter from gravitational lensing of type Ia supernovae
• Dark Matter Triggers of Supernovae
• Inflationary Primordial Black Holes as All Dark Matter
• Primordial Black Holes as All Dark Matter
• Calculating the mass spectrum of primordial black holes
• Stochastic gravitational waves associated with the formation of primordial black holes
• Gravitational waves induced by scalar perturbations as probes of the small-scale primordial spectrum
• Could supermassive black holes be quintessential primordial black holes?
• The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Gravitational waves at interferometer scales and primordial black holes in axion inflation
• Revisiting constraints on asteroid-mass primordial black holes as dark matter candidates
• Testing Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter through LISA
• Primordial black holes with an accurate QCD equation of state
• Primordial Black Hole Formation in a Double Inflation Model in Supergravity
• Chaotic new inflation and formation of primordial black holes
• Detecting a small perturbation through its non-Gaussianity
• Constraints on the Primordial Black Hole Abundance from the First Advanced LIGO Observation Run Using the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
• A new calculation of the mass fraction of primordial black holes
• Search for sub-solar mass ultracompact binaries in Advanced LIGO's second observing run
• Primordial black holes in non-Gaussian regimes
• Primordial black holes as a tool for constraining non-Gaussianity
• Imprints of Primordial Non-Gaussianity on Gravitational Wave Spectrum
• Primordial black hole formation from an axion-like curvaton model
• The Ineludible non-Gaussianity of the Primordial Black Hole Abundance
• Primordial Black Holes from Sound Speed Resonance during Inflation
• The Initial Spin Probability Distribution of Primordial Black Holes
• Gravitational-Wave Constraints on the Abundance of Primordial Black Holes
• Dynamics of dwarf galaxies disfavor stellar-mass black hole dark matter
• Second-order Gauge Invariant Cosmological Perturbation Theory: -- Einstein equations in terms of gauge invariant variables --
• Double inflation as a single origin of primordial black holes for all dark matter and LIGO observations
• Induced gravitational wave background and primordial black holes
• Primordial seeds of supermassive black holes
• Enhancement of Gravitational Waves Induced by Scalar Perturbations due to a Sudden Transition from an Early Matter Era to the Radiation Era
• PBH abundance from random Gaussian curvature perturbations and a local density threshold
• Constraints on the induced gravitational wave background from primordial black holes
• Gravitational waves from an early matter era
• Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background due to Primordial Binary Black Hole Mergers
• Cosmological constraints on primordial black holes produced in the near-critical gravitational collapse
• Solving puzzles of GW150914 by primordial black holes
• Primordial black hole formation with non-Gaussian curvature perturbations
• Observable Spectra of Induced Gravitational Waves from Inflation
• Limits on primordial black holes from $\mu$ distortions in cosmic microwave background
• Primordial Black Holes for the LIGO Events in the Axion-like Curvaton Model
• Orbital eccentricities in primordial black holes binaries
• Primordial Black Holes from the inflating curvaton
• A Cosmological Signature of the Standard Model Higgs Vacuum Instability: Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter
• When Primordial Black Holes from Sound Speed Resonance Meet a Stochastic Background of Gravitational Waves
• Unified treatment of cosmological perturbations from super-horizon to small scales
• Constraints on primordial density perturbations from induced gravitational waves
• Tests for primordial non-Gaussianity
• Observable induced gravitational waves from an early matter phase
• Resonant multiple peaks in the induced gravitational waves
• Abundance of primordial black holes with local non-Gaussianity in peak theory
• Inflationary theory and pulsar timing investigations of primordial black holes and gravitational waves
• Primordial black holes and associated gravitational waves in axion monodromy inflation
• Effect of nonlinearity between density and curvature perturbations on the primordial black hole formation
• Primordial black hole tower: Dark matter, earth-mass, and LIGO black holes
• Spin Distribution of Primordial Black Holes
• Effects of the surrounding primordial black holes on the merger rate of primordial black hole binaries
• Hidden universality in the merger rate distribution in the primordial black hole scenario
• Constraint on the abundance of primordial black holes in dark matter from Planck data
• Diagrammatic approach to non-Gaussianity from inflation
• Effects of the merger history on the merger rate density of primordial black hole binaries
• Formation of primordial black holes in an axionlike curvaton model
• Unraveling the origin of black holes from effective spin measurements with LIGO-Virgo
• Gravitational Waves and Scalar Perturbations from Spectator Fields
• Production of high stellar-mass primordial black holes in trapped inflation
• Gravitational waves generated by second order effects during inflation
• Formation threshold of rotating primordial black holes
• Identification of All Dark Matter as Black Holes
• Constraints on the curvature power spectrum from primordial black hole evaporation
• Secondary graviton spectra and waterfall-like fields
• Using LISA-like Gravitational Wave Detectors to Search for Primordial Black Holes
• Ultracompact minihalos associated with stellar-mass primordial black holes
• Pitfalls of a power-law parameterization of the primordial power spectrum for Primordial Black Hole formation

Cited by in corpus (73)

• Constraints on Primordial Black Holes
• Cosmology with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• New Horizons for Fundamental Physics with LISA
• NANOGrav Hints to Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter
• Universal infrared scaling of gravitational wave background spectra
• Pulsar Timing Array Constraints on Primordial Black Holes with NANOGrav 11-Year Data Set
• Gravitational Wave Production right after a Primordial Black Hole Evaporation
• Gravitational Waves Induced by Scalar Perturbations with a Lognormal Peak
• PBHs and secondary GWs from ultra slow roll and punctuated inflation
• Induced gravitational waves as a probe of thermal history of the universe
• The GW190521 Mass Gap Event and the Primordial Black Hole Scenario
• Constraining the primordial black hole scenario with Bayesian inference and machine learning: the GWTC-2 gravitational wave catalog
• Non-Gaussianity and the induced gravitational wave background
• Gauge Independence of Induced Gravitational Waves
• Scalar Induced Gravitational Waves in Different Gauges
• Probing Anisotropies of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background with LISA
• Log-dependent slope of scalar induced gravitational waves in the infrared regions
• The Gravitational-Wave Physics II: Progress
• Probing the equation of state of the early Universe with pulsar timing arrays
• Implications for the non-Gaussianity of curvature perturbation from pulsar timing arrays
• Probing non-Gaussianities with the high frequency tail of induced gravitational waves
• NANOGrav results and LIGO-Virgo primordial black holes in axion-like curvaton model
• Hunt for Light Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter with Ultra-High-Frequency Gravitational Waves
• Primordial black holes and secondary gravitational waves from inflationary model with a non-canonical kinetic term
• On the gravitational wave sources from the NANOGrav 12.5-yr data
• An analytical approximation of the scalar spectrum in the ultra-slow-roll inflationary models
• Primordial black holes and stochastic gravitational wave background from inflation with a noncanonical spectator field
• Thermal History of the Early Universe and Primordial Gravitational Waves from Induced Scalar Perturbations
• Approximate gauge independence of the induced gravitational wave spectrum
• Primordial Black Holes from Cosmic Domain Walls
• Constraints on primordial curvature perturbations from primordial black hole dark matter and secondary gravitational waves
• Scalar induced gravitational waves in light of Pulsar Timing Array data
• Multi-messenger Probes of Inflationary Fluctuations and Primordial Black Holes
• Constraints on primordial curvature power spectrum with pulsar timing arrays
• Merger rate distribution of primordial black hole binaries with electric charges
• Search for scalar induced gravitational waves in the International Pulsar Timing Array Data Release 2 and NANOgrav 12.5 years datasets
• Confronting sound speed resonance with pulsar timing arrays
• The merger history of primordial-black-hole binaries
• Primordial black holes in the curvaton model: possible connections to pulsar timing arrays and dark matter
• Induced gravitational waves from the cosmic coincidence
• Primordial black holes and secondary gravitational waves from the Higgs field
• Double-peaked inflation model: Scalar induced gravitational waves and primordial-black-hole suppression from primordial non-Gaussianity
• Curbing PBHs with PTAs
• Primordial black holes and scalar-induced gravitational waves from the generalized Brans-Dicke theory
• Model-independent reconstruction of the primordial curvature power spectrum from PTA data
• Exploring the Spectral Shape of Gravitational Waves Induced by Primordial Scalar Perturbations and Connection with the Primordial Black Hole Scenarios
• Search for gravitational waves from high-mass-ratio compact-binary mergers of stellar mass and sub-solar mass black holes
• Constraining the Merger History of Primordial-Black-Hole Binaries from GWTC-3
• Primordial Black Holes from QCD Axion Bubbles
• Primordial black holes and secondary gravitational waves from chaotic inflation
• Observational imprints of enhanced scalar power on small scales in ultra slow roll inflation and associated non-Gaussianities
• On mass distribution of coalescing black holes
• Primordial black holes and secondary gravitational waves from string inspired general no-scale supergravity
• Testing primordial black hole and measuring the Hubble constant with multiband gravitational-wave observations
• Complete analysis of the background and anisotropies of scalar-induced gravitational waves: primordial non-Gaussianity $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and $g_{\mathrm{NL}}$ considered
• Gauge transformation of scalar induced gravitational waves
• Enhanced Curvature Perturbation and Primordial Black Hole Formation in Two-stage Inflation with a break
• Primordial Non-Gaussianity from G-inflation
• Induced superhorizon tensor perturbations from anisotropic non-Gaussianity
• Primordial black holes and third order scalar induced gravitational waves
• Bound on Induced Gravitational Waves during Inflation Era
• Bulk Strong Matter: the Trinity
• Angular bispectrum and trispectrum of scalar-induced gravitational waves: all contributions from primordial non-Gaussianity $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and $g_{\mathrm{NL}}$
• Fundamental Physics and Cosmology with TianQin
• Scalar induced gravitational waves review
• Detecting the dark sector through scalar-induced gravitational waves
• Implications for Pulsar Timing Arrays of Sub-solar Black Hole Detections: From LVK to Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer
• Primordial black holes and scalar-induced gravitational waves from the polynomial attractor model
• Primordial gravitational waves and curvature perturbations induced energy density perturbation
• Measuring the primordial curvature perturbations from the scalar induced gravitational waves
• Study of primordial non-Gaussianity $f_{\mathrm{NL}}$ and $g_{\mathrm{NL}}$ with the cross-correlations between the scalar-induced gravitational waves and the cosmic microwave background
• Probing the equation of state of neutron stars with captured primordial black holes
• Covariant transverse-traceless projection for secondary gravitational waves