Frequency-domain gravitational waves from non-precessing black-hole binaries. I. New numerical waveforms and anatomy of the signal

Abstract

In this paper we discuss the anatomy of frequency-domain gravitational-wave signals from non-precessing black-hole coalescences with the goal of constructing accurate phenomenological waveform models. We first present new numerical-relativity simulations for mass ratios up to 18 including spins. From a comparison of different post-Newtonian approximants with numerical-relativity data we select the uncalibrated SEOBNRv2 model as the most appropriate for the purpose of constructing hybrid post-Newtonian/numerical-relativity waveforms, and we discuss how we prepare time-domain and frequency-domain hybrid data sets. We then use our data together with results in the literature to calibrate simple explicit expressions for the final spin and radiated energy. Equipped with our prediction for the final state we then develop a simple and accurate merger-ringdown-model based on modified Lorentzians in the gravitational wave amplitude and phase, and we discuss a simple method to represent the low frequency signal augmenting the TaylorF2 post-Newtonian approximant with terms corresponding to higher orders in the post-Newtonian expansion. We finally discuss different options for modelling the small intermediate frequency regime between inspiral and merger-ringdown. A complete phenomenological model based on the present work is presented in a companion paper.

17 pages, 18 figures ,minor edits to text

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• Rapid search for massive black hole binary coalescences using deep learning
• Population inference of spin-induced quadrupole moments as a probe for non-black hole compact binaries
• Characterization of numerical relativity waveforms of eccentric binary black hole mergers
• Study of the Intermediate Mass Ratio Black Hole Binary Merger up to 1000:1 with Numerical Relativity
• Gravitational waves and mass ejecta from binary neutron star mergers: Effect of the spin orientation
• Theory-agnostic framework for inspiral tests of general relativity with higher-harmonic gravitational waves
• Probing string-inspired gravity with the inspiral-merger-ringdown consistency tests of gravitational waves
• Assessing and marginalizing over compact binary coalescence waveform systematics with RIFT
• Applications of machine learning in gravitational wave research with current interferometric detectors
• Near Real-Time Gravitational Wave Data Analysis of the Massive Black Hole Binary with TianQin
• Neutron Star$-$Neutron Star and Neutron Star$-$Black Hole Mergers: Multiband Observations and Early Warnings
• Fast Parameter Estimation of Binary Mergers for Multimessenger Followup
• Utilizing the null stream of the Einstein Telescope
• Parameter Estimation for Stellar-Origin Black Hole Mergers In LISA
• LISA stellar-mass black hole searches with semicoherent and particle-swarm methods
• High-accuracy waveforms for black hole-neutron star systems with spinning black holes
• Exploring gravitational-wave detection and parameter inference using Deep Learning methods
• Testing GR with the Gravitational Wave Inspiral Signal GW170817
• Probing dipole radiation from binary neutron stars with ground-based laser-interferometer and atom-interferometer gravitational-wave observatories
• Merger-Ringdown Consistency: A New Test of Strong Gravity using Deep Learning
• Detection and characterization of spin-orbit resonances in the advanced gravitational wave detectors era
• High-accuracy simulations of highly spinning binary neutron star systems
• Time-domain phenomenological multipolar waveforms for aligned-spin binary black holes in elliptical orbits
• Merging Hierarchical Triple Black Hole Systems with Intermediate-mass Black Holes in Population III Star Clusters
• Inferring the Intermediate Mass Black Hole Number Density from Gravitational Wave Lensing Statistics
• Model systematics in time domain tests of binary black hole evolution
• Understanding binary neutron star collisions with hypermodels
• Frequency- and polarization-dependent lensing of gravitational waves in strong gravitational fields
• Post-Newtonian templates for gravitational waves from compact binary inspirals
• Constraining the Neutron Star Radius with Joint Gravitational-Wave and Short Gamma-Ray Burst Observations of Neutron Star-Black Hole Coalescing Binaries
• The minimum measurable eccentricity from gravitational waves of LISA massive black hole binaries
• The impact of selection biases on tests of general relativity with gravitational-wave inspirals
• PyROQ: a Python-based Reduced Order Quadrature Building Code for Fast Gravitational Wave Inference
• Investigating the effect of in-plane spin directions for Precessing BBH systems
• Improving the detection sensitivity to primordial stochastic gravitational waves with reduced astrophysical foregrounds
• Analytical effective-one-body formalism for extreme-mass-ratio inspirals: eccentric orbits
• Predicting the properties of black holes merger remnants with Deep Neural Networks
• Excitation of Kerr quasinormal modes in extreme--mass-ratio inspirals
• Real-Time Detection of Unmodelled Gravitational-Wave Transients Using Convolutional Neural Networks
• Unveiling Microlensing Biases in Testing General Relativity with Gravitational Waves
• Testing the Kerr nature of intermediate-mass and supermassive black hole binaries using spin-induced multipole moment measurements
• Parametrized test of parity-violating gravity using GWTC-1 events
• Detectability and parameter estimation of GWTC-3 events with LISA
• GW150914 peak frequency: a novel consistency test of strong-field General Relativity
• Gravitational wave constraints on Einstein-æther theory with LIGO/Virgo data
• Mass$\unicode{x2013}$spin Re-Parameterization for Rapid Parameter Estimation of Inspiral Gravitational-Wave Signals
• Parameter estimation with the current generation of phenomenological waveform models applied to the black hole mergers of GWTC-1
• Concurrent estimation of noise and compact-binary signal parameters in gravitational-wave data
• Probing Screening and the Graviton Mass with Gravitational Waves
• Search for eccentric NSBH and BNS mergers in the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo
• Adding equatorial-asymmetric effects for spin-precessing binaries into the SEOBNRv5PHM waveform model
• Incorporation of model accuracy in gravitational wave Bayesian inference
• The impact of dark matter on tidal signatures in neutron star mergers with Einstein Telescope
• Constraining the cosmic merger history of intermediate-mass black holes with gravitational wave detectors
• Gravitational waveforms of binary neutron star inspirals using post-Newtonian tidal splicing
• The effect of spin mismodeling on gravitational-wave measurements of the binary neutron star mass distribution
• The astrophysical odds of GW151216
• Probabilistic Model for the Gravitational Wave Signal from Merging Black Holes
• Analysis of GWTC-3 with fully precessing numerical relativity surrogate models
• The Impact of Spin in Compact Binary Foreground Subtraction for Estimating the Residual Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background in Ground-based Detectors
• Anatomy of parameter-estimation biases in overlapping gravitational-wave signals
• Fermi GBM follow-up of LIGO-Virgo binary black hole mergers -- detection prospects
• Gravitational-wave parameter inference with the Newman-Penrose scalar ${\psi }_4$
• Assessing gravitational-wave binary black hole candidates with Bayesian odds
• A waveform model for the missing quadrupole mode from black hole coalescence: memory effect and ringdown of the $(\ell =2,m=0)$ spherical harmonic
• Searches for Mass-Asymmetric Compact Binary Coalescence Events using Neural Networks in the LIGO/Virgo Third Observation Period
• Probing resonant excitations in exotic compact objects via gravitational waves
• A Thesaurus for Common Priors in Gravitational-Wave Astronomy
• Constraining the evolution of Newton's constant with slow inspirals observed from spaceborne gravitational-wave detectors
• Numerical Inside View of Hypermassive Remnant Models for GW170817
• Geometrized effective-one-body formalism for extreme-mass-ratio limits: Generic orbits
• LION :Laser Interferometer On the mooN
• Observing the dark sector
• Effect of double spin-precession and higher harmonics on spin-induced quadrupole moment measurements
• Universal phenomenological relations between spherical harmonic modes in non-precessing eccentric binary black hole merger waveforms
• Premerger detection of massive black hole binaries using deep learning
• Indication for a compact object next to a LIGO-Virgo binary black hole merger
• Memory Effect or Cosmic String? Classifying Gravitational-Wave Bursts with Bayesian Inference
• Compact Binaries through a Lens: Silent vs. Detectable Microlensing for the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Gravitational Wave Observatories
• Probing modified gravitational-wave propagation through tidal measurements of binary neutron star mergers
• Extending the Fisher Information Matrix in Gravitational-wave Data Analysis
• Inconsistent black hole kick estimates from gravitational-wave models
• Modeling Compact Binary Merger Waveforms Beyond General Relativity
• Using gravitational waves to distinguish between neutron stars and black holes in compact binary mergers
• Supporting High-Performance and High-Throughput Computing for Experimental Science
• Improving performance of SEOBNRv3 by $\sim$300x
• Detection of Einstein Telescope gravitational wave signals from binary black holes using deep learning
• Validating Prior-informed Fisher-matrix Analyses against GWTC Data
• Search for lensing signatures in the gravitational-wave observations from the first half of LIGO-Virgo's third observing run
• Testing General Relativity with Gravitational Waves
• Systematic calibration error requirements for gravitational-wave detectors via the Cramér-Rao bound
• Black-Hole Neutron Star Simulations with the BAM code: First Tests and Simulations
• Neural post-Einsteinian framework for efficient theory-agnostic tests of general relativity with gravitational waves
• GWSpace: a multi-mission science data simulator for space-based gravitational wave detection
• Beyond general relativity: designing a template-based search for exotic gravitational wave signals
• Dark-siren Cosmology with Decihertz Gravitational-wave Detectors
• Source localizations with the network of space-based gravitational wave detectors
• SCoRe: A New Framework to Study Unmodeled Physics from Gravitational Wave Data
• Early warning of precessing compact binary merger with third-generation gravitational-wave detectors
• Parameter Estimation for Tests of General Relativity with the Astrophysical Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
• Improved parametrized test of general relativity using the IMRPhenomX waveform family: Including higher harmonics and precession
• Gravitational waveforms for high spin and high mass-ratio binary black holes: A synergistic use of numerical-relativity codes
• Hierarchical search strategy for the efficient detection of gravitational waves from non-precessing coalescing compact binaries with aligned-spins
• Role of dense matter in tidal deformations of inspiralling neutron stars and in gravitational waveform with unified equations of state
• Follow-up analyses of the binary-neutron-star signals GW170817 and GW190425 by using post-Newtonian waveform models
• Second MAYA Catalog of Binary Black Hole Numerical Relativity Waveforms
• A Note on QR-Based Model Reduction: Algorithm, Software, and Gravitational Wave Applications
• Gravitational spin-orbit dynamics at the fifth-and-a-half post-Newtonian order
• Inferring the Astrophysical Population of Gravitational Wave Sources in the Presence of Noise Transients
• Accelerated detection of the binary neutron star gravitational-wave background
• Efficient Stochastic Template Bank using Inner Product Inequalities
• Predictions for LISA and PTA based on SHARK galaxy simulations
• Collision of Two Rotating Hayward Black Holes
• Parameterized and Consistency Tests of Gravity with Gravitational Waves: Current and Future
• Interplay between numerical relativity and perturbation theory : finite size effects
• Enhancing gravitational-wave burst detection confidence in expanded detector networks with the BayesWave pipeline
• Luminosity distance uncertainties from gravitational wave detections by third generation observatories
• Early warning of precessing neutron-star black-hole binary mergers with the near-future gravitational-wave detectors
• Binary Black Hole Waveforms from High-Resolution GR-Athena++ Simulations
• Sensitivity of spin-aligned searches for neutron star-black hole systems using future detectors
• Discriminating same-mass Neutron Stars and Black Holes gravitational wave-forms
• Waveform systematics in identifying strongly gravitationally lensed gravitational waves: Posterior overlap method
• Tests of weak equivalence principle with the gravitational wave signals in the LIGO-Virgo catalogue GWTC-1
• Mass and tidal parameter extraction from gravitational waves of binary neutron stars mergers using deep learning
• Systematic biases from ignoring environmental tidal effects in gravitational wave observations
• The GW-Universe Toolbox III: simulating joint observations of gravitational waves and gamma-ray bursts
• A novel stacked hybrid autoencoder for imputing LISA data gaps
• Accelerating Tests of General Relativity with Gravitational-Wave Signals using Hybrid Sampling
• Impact of gravitational waveform model systematics on the measurement of the Hubble constant
• Enhancing gravitational waveform models through dynamic calibration
• Impact of calibration uncertainties on Hubble constant measurements from gravitational-wave sources
• Multiparameter multipolar test of general relativity with gravitational waves
• Non-Kerr Constraints using Binary Black Hole inspirals considering phase modifications up to 4 PN order
• Phenomenological gravitational waveform model of binary black holes incorporating horizon fluxes
• Observational constraint on axion dark matter in a realistic halo profile with gravitational waves
• Who Ordered That? Unequal-Mass Binary Black Hole Mergers Have Larger Effective Spins
• The Sound of Clearing the Throat: Gravitational Waves from a Black Hole Orbiting in a Wormhole Geometry
• Testing general relativity via direct measurement of black hole kicks
• Initial Data and Eccentricity Reduction Toolkit for Binary Black Hole Numerical Relativity Waveforms
• Gravitational Waves from Massive Black Hole Mergers in ASTRID: Predictions for LISA
• A model-independent constraint on the Hubble constant with gravitational waves from the Einstein Telescope
• The Bondi problem revisited: a spectral domain decomposition code
• Probing the Spin-Induced Quadrupole Moment of Massive Black Holes with the Inspiral of Binary Black Holes
• Testing gravitational waveform models using angular momentum
• Parameter inference for coalescing massive black hole binaries using deep learning
• Dealing with data gaps for TianQin with massive black hole binary signal
• Optimizing the Placement of Numerical Relativity Simulations using a Mismatch Predicting Neural Network
• Interplay between numerical-relativity and black hole perturbation theory in the intermediate-mass-ratio regime
• Bayesian Search of Massive Scalar Fields from LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Binaries
• Direct nonparametric multimessenger constraints on the equation of state of cold dense nuclear matter
• Corrections to the gravitational wave phasing
• Forecast Analysis of Astrophysical Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background beyond general relativity: A Case Study on Brans-Dicke Gravity
• Improving the detection sensitivity to primordial stochastic gravitational waves with reduced astrophysical foregrounds. II. Subthreshold binary neutron stars
• Fast and faithful interpolation of numerical relativity surrogate waveforms using meshfree approximation
• Beyond GWTC-3: Analysing and verifying new gravitational-wave events from community catalogues
• Premature supermassive black hole mergers in cosmological simulations of structure formation
• On the approximate relation between black-hole perturbation theory and numerical relativity
• Waging a Campaign: Results from an Injection-Recovery Study involving 35 numerical Relativity Simulations and three Waveform Models
• Systematic bias in LISA ringdown analysis due to waveform inaccuracy
• Comparison and application of different post-Newtonian models for inspiralling stellar-mass binary black holes with space-based GW detectors
• Observational constraint on axion dark matter with gravitational waves
• Recent LIGO-Virgo discoveries
• Gravitational-wave searches in the era of Advanced LIGO and Virgo
• Probing Particle Physics with Gravitational Waves
• Investigating the detection rates and inference of gravitational-wave and radio emission from black hole neutron star mergers
• The impact of local noise recorded at the ET candidate sites on the signal to noise ratio of CBC gravitational wave signals for the ET triangle configuration
• Identifying intermediate mass binary black hole mergers in AGN disks using LISA
• A novel multi-layer modular approach for real-time fuzzy-identification of gravitational-wave signals
• The mass, spin and rotational energy of the remnant black holes from compact binary mergers
• Null Stream Based Third-generation-ready Glitch Mitigation for Gravitational Wave Measurements
• Measuring Gravitational Wave Speed and Lorentz Violation with the First Three Gravitational-Wave Catalogs
• Advancing the Effective-One-Body Framework in the Test-Mass Limit
• Accounting for the Known Unknowns: A Parametric Framework to Incorporate Systematic Waveform Errors in Gravitational-Wave Parameter Estimation
• Projected gravitational wave constraints on primordial black hole abundance for extended mass distributions
• Gravitational waveform model based on photon motion for spinning black holes
• Constraining the modified friction in gravitational wave propagation with precessing black hole binaries
• Bright siren without electromagnetic counterpart by LISA-Taiji-TianQin network
• Merging Black Holes: Assessing the Performance of Two Analytic Gravitational Waves Models
• Prospects for estimating parameters from gravitational waves of superspinar binaries
• A full waveform model for arbitrarily axis-symmetric black hole mergers
• Detection for Intermediate-mass Binary Black Holes in Population III Star Clusters with TianQin
• First joint observation by the underground gravitational-wave detector, KAGRA, with GEO600
• Cosmology with Binary Neutron Stars: Does Mass-Redshift Correlation Matter?
• Chirp mass based glitch identification in long duration gravitational wave transients
• Signal-to-noise Ratio Analytic Formulae of the Inspiral Binary Black Holes in TianQin
• Search for exotic gravitational wave signals beyond general relativity using deep learning
• Mergers of hairy black holes: Constraining topological couplings from entropy
• On the use of galaxy catalogs in gravitational-wave parameter estimation
• Natural polynomials for Kerr quasi-normal modes
• Multi-parameter Tests of General Relativity Using Bayesian Parameter Estimation with Principal Component Analysis for LISA
• Enhancing gravitational-wave host localization with SKYFAST: rapid volume and inclination angle reconstruction
• Rapid Hierarchical Inference of Neutron Star Equation of State from multiple Gravitational Wave Observations of Binary Neutron Star Coalescences
• Rapid Parameter Estimation for Merging Massive Black Hole Binaries Using Continuous Normalizing Flows
• Hubble constant measurement from QPEs as electromagnetic counterparts to extreme mass ratio inspirals
• Multi-detector null-stream-based ${\chi }^2$ statistic for compact binary coalescence searches
• Bayesian Analysis of Wave-Optics Gravitationally Lensed Massive Black Hole Binaries with Space-Based Gravitational Wave Detector
• Testing black hole metrics with binary black hole inspirals
• Impact of noise transients on gravitational-wave burst detection efficiency of the BayesWave pipeline with multi-detector networks
• More than the sum of its parts: combining parameterized tests of extreme gravity
• Calibrating approximate Bayesian credible intervals of gravitational-wave parameters
• Gravitational-wave signatures of nonviolent nonlocality
• Measurability of neutron star tidal deformability from merging neutron star-black hole binaries
• Ten years of extreme gravity tests of general theory of relativity with gravitational-wave observations
• Accelerating gravitational-wave parameterized tests of General Relativity using a multiband decomposition of likelihood
• Neural Post-Einsteinian Test of General Relativity with the Third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog
• A comprehensive look into the accuracy of SpEC binary black hole waveforms
• Using overlap of sky localization probability maps for filtering potentially lensed pairs of gravitational-wave signals
• Prospects for joint multiband detection of intermediate-mass black holes by LGWA and the Einstein Telescope
• A ${\chi }^2$ statistic for the identification of strongly lensed gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences
• Tidal deformations of compact objects and gravitational wave emission
• Gravitational wave propagation beyond general relativity: waveform distortions and echoes
• Observing Double White Dwarfs with the Lunar GW Antenna
• A gating-and-inpainting perspective on GW150914 ringdown overtone: understanding the data analysis systematics
• Bounding dark charges on binary black holes using gravitational waves
• The impact of precession and higher-order multipoles for gravitational wave cosmological inference
• Improved Identification of Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves with Host Galaxy Locations
• Black hole merger rates for LISA and LGWA from semi-analytical modelling of light seeds
• Extremely High-Order Convergence in Simulations of Relativistic Stars
• Characterizing Compact-object Binaries in the Lower Mass Gap with Gravitational Waves
• First Light And Reionization Epoch Simulations (FLARES) -- XIX: Supermassive black hole mergers in the early Universe and their environmental dependence
• First-post-Newtonian generation of gravitational waves in Einstein-Cartan theory
• Detectability and Parameter Estimation for Einstein Telescope Configurations with GWJulia
• Primordial black holes versus their impersonators at gravitational wave observatories
• Probing neutron stars with the full pre-merger and post-merger gravitational wave signal from binary coalescences
• Examining the Gap in the Chirp Mass Distribution of Binary Black Holes
• Source Confusion of Massive Black Hole Binaries for the Taiji Mission
• Parity Violation in Spin-Precessing Binaries: Gravitational Waves from the Inspiral of Black Holes in Dynamical Chern-Simons Gravity
• Hybrid waveforms for precessing quasi-circular binary systems
• Learning Post-Newtonian Corrections from Numerical Relativity
• Characterizing Binary Black Hole Subpopulations in GWTC-4 with Binned Gaussian Processes: On the Origins of the $35M_{\odot }$ Peak
• Auto-encoder model for faster generation of effective one-body gravitational waveform approximations
• Analytical solutions of bound timelike geodesic orbits in effective-one-body frame
• Rapid sinking and efficient mergers of supermassive black holes in compact high-redshift galaxies
• Reconsidering the consistent use of precessing, higher order multipole models for gravitational wave analyses
• The Sequential Monte Carlo goes NUTS: Boosting Gravitational-Wave Inference
• Gravitational Wave Informed Inference of 21-cm Global Signal Parameters
• Searching for gravitational waves from compact binary mergers powering long gamma-ray bursts during LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's O3 run
• Improved Constraints on Non-Kerr Deviations from Binary Black Hole Inspirals Using GWTC-4 Data
• Denoising gravitational wave with deep learning in the time-frequency domain
• Gravitational wave distance estimation using intrinsic signal properties: dark sirens as distance indicators
• Observing GW190521-like binary black holes and their environment with LISA
• Detectability of a spatial correlation between stellar-mass black hole mergers and Active Galactic Nuclei in the Local Universe
• Comparing numerical relativity and perturbation theory waveforms for a non-spinning equal-mass binary
• Null-stream-based Bayesian Unmodeled Framework to Probe Generic Gravitational-wave Polarizations
• The next generation: Impact of high-order analytical information on effective one body waveform models for noncircularized, spin-aligned black hole binaries
• Applying higher-modes consistency test on GW190814 : lessons on no-hair theorem, nature of the secondary compact object and waveform modeling
• Constraining high-redshift stellar-mass primordial black holes with next-generation ground-based gravitational-wave detectors
• A fully-automated end-to-end pipeline for massive black hole binary signal extraction from LISA data
• Extract non-Gaussian Features in Gravitational Wave Observation Data Using Self-Supervised Learning
• Fast Waveform Generation for Gravitational Waves using Evolutionary Algorithms
• Evaluating statistical significance for massive black hole binary mergers with space-based gravitational wave detectors
• AthenaK simulations of the binary black hole merger GW150914