Anatomy of parameter-estimation biases in overlapping gravitational-wave signals

Abstract

In future gravitational-wave (GW) detections, a large number of overlapping GW signals will appear in the data stream of detectors. When extracting information from one signal, the presence of other signals can cause large parameter estimation biases. Using the Fisher matrix (FM), we develop a bias analysis procedure to investigate how each parameter of other signals affects the inference biases. Taking two-signal overlapping as an example, we show detailedly and quantitatively that the biases essentially originate from the overlapping of the frequency evolution. Furthermore, we find that the behaviors of the correlation coefficients between the parameters of the two signals are similar to the biases. Both of them can be used as characterization of the influence between signals. We also corroborate the bias results of the FM method with full Bayesian analysis. Our results can provide guidance for the development of new PE algorithms on overlapping signals, and the analysis methodology has the potential to generalize.

40 pages, 14 figures; accepted by Classical and Quantum Gravity

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• Impact of overlapping signals on parameterized post-Newtonian coefficients in tests of gravity
• Prospects for detecting neutron star-white dwarf mergers with decihertz gravitational-wave observatories
• Vetting quark-star models with gravitational waves in the hierarchical Bayesian framework
• Fast and accurate parameter estimation of high-redshift sources with the Einstein Telescope
• Compact Binary Coalescence Gravitational Wave Signals Counting and Separation
• GW231123: Overlapping Gravitational Wave Signals?
• Rigorous analytic solution to the gravitational-wave overlapping event rates
• Source Confusion of Massive Black Hole Binaries for the Taiji Mission
• Inferring neutron-star Love-Q relations from gravitational waves in the hierarchical Bayesian framework