Nuclear physics constraints from binary neutron star mergers in the Einstein Telescope era

Abstract

The next generation of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors, Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explorer (CE), present a unique opportunity to put constraints on dense matter, among many other groundbreaking scientific goals. In a recent study the science case of ET was further strengthened, studying in particular the performances of different detector designs. In this paper we present a more detailed study of the nuclear physics section of that work. In particular, focusing on two different detector configurations (the single-site triangular-shaped design and a design consisting of two widely separated "L-shaped" interferometers), we study the detection prospects of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers, and how they can reshape our understanding of the underlying equation of state (EoS) of dense matter. We employ several state-of-the-art EoS models and state-of-the-art synthetic BNS merger catalogs, and we make use of the Fisher information formalism (FIM) to quantify statistical errors on the astrophysical parameters describing individual BNS events. To check the reliability of the FIM method, we further perform a full parameter estimation for a few simulated events. Based on the uncertainties on the tidal deformabilities associated to these events, we outline a mechanism to extract the underlying injected EoS using a recently developed meta-modelling approach within a Bayesian framework. Our results suggest that with $\gtrsim 500$ events with signal-to-noise ratio greater than $12$, we will be able to pin down very precisely the underlying EoS governing the neutron star matter.

18 pages, 10 figures. v2 matches the version accepted for publication in PRD

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Cited by in corpus (21)

• The Science of the Einstein Telescope
• Neutron stars and the dense matter equation of state: from microscopic theory to macroscopic observations
• Ladder Symmetries and Love Numbers of Reissner--Nordström Black Holes
• Inference of neutron-star properties with unified crust-core equations of state for parameter estimation
• Implications of comprehensive nuclear and astrophysics data on the equations of state of neutron star matter
• The impact of dark matter on tidal signatures in neutron star mergers with Einstein Telescope
• Prospects for optical detections from binary neutron star mergers with the next-generation multi-messenger observatories
• Probing nuclear physics with supernova gravitational waves and machine learning
• Impact of unmodeled eccentricity on the tidal deformability measurement and implications for gravitational wave physics inference
• Cost of inferred nuclear parameters towards the f-mode dynamical tide in binary neutron stars
• Probe and Prejudice: Classification of compact objects and model comparison using EOS knowledge
• Neutron-star seismology with realistic, finite-temperature nuclear matter
• Tidal dissipation in binary neutron star inspirals from hyperon bulk viscosity: Phase modeling and parameter estimation bias
• Vetting quark-star models with gravitational waves in the hierarchical Bayesian framework
• Robust and fast parameter estimation for gravitational waves from binary neutron star merger remnants
• Constraint evolution in first-order viscous relativistic fluids
• Direct Inference of Nuclear Equation-of-State Parameters from Gravitational-Wave Observations
• Exploring the Potential for Detecting Rotational Instabilities in Binary Neutron Star Merger Remnants with Gravitational Wave Detectors
• Kilohertz Gravitational Waves from Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Full Spectrum Analyses and High-density Constraints on Neutron Star Matter
• Limitations in constraining neutron star radii and nuclear properties from inspiral gravitational wave detections
• Slowly rotating condensate dark stars beyond the mean-field approximation