The End of the Reionization Epoch Probed by Ly-alpha Emitters at z=6.5 in the Subaru Deep Field

Abstract

We report an extensive search for Lyman-alpha emitters (LAEs) at z=6.5 in the Subaru Deep Field. Subsequent spectroscopy with Subaru and Keck identified eight more LAEs, giving a total of 17 spectroscopically confirmed LAEs at z=6.5. Based on this spectroscopic sample of 17, complemented by a photometric sample of 58 LAEs, we have derived a more accurate Lyman-alpha luminosity function of LAEs at z=6.5, which reveals an apparent deficit at the bright end of ~0.75 mag fainter L*, compared with that observed at z=5.7. The difference in the LAE luminosity functions between z=5.7 and 6.5 is significant at the 3-sigma level, which is reduced to 2-sigma when cosmic variance is taken into account. This result may imply that the reionization of the universe has not been completed at z=6.5. We found that the spatial distribution of LAEs at z=6.5 was homogeneous over the field. We discuss the implications of these results for the reionization of the universe.

To appear in APJ vol.648. Only minor corrections have been made. Black&White version is available at http://zone.mtk.nao.ac.jp/~kashik/sdf/z6p5lae/paper/sdf_z6p5lae_bw.pdf

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• A Magellan M2FS Spectroscopic Survey of Galaxies at 5.5<z<6.8: Program Overview and a Sample of the Brightest Lyman-alpha Emitters
• On The Origin of Lyman-alpha Absorption in Nearby Starbursts and Implications for Other Galaxies
• Narrow-band surveys for very high redshift Lyman-alpha emitters
• On-sky characterisation of the VISTA NB118 narrow-band filters at 1.19 micron
• Galactic winds and stellar populations in Lyman $\alpha$ emitting galaxies at z ~ 3.1
• Large-scale environment of $z\sim 5.7$ CIV absorption systems -II. Spectroscopy of Lyman-$\alpha$ emitters
• First HETDEX Spectroscopic Determinations of Ly$\alpha$ and UV Luminosity Functions at $z=2-3$: Bridging a Gap Between Faint AGN and Bright Galaxies
• The DEEP2 Redshift Survey: Lyman Alpha Emitters in the Spectroscopic Database
• Radiation from early black holes - I: effects on the neutral inter-galactic medium
• The Stellar Population and Star Formation Rates of z~1.5-1.6 [O II] Emitting Galaxies Selected from Narrow-Band Emission-Line Surveys
• The Magellan M2FS Spectroscopic Survey of High-Redshift Galaxies: A Sample of 260 Ly$\alpha$ Emitters at Redshift $z\approx 5.7$
• Effect of halo bias and Lyman Limit Systems on the history of cosmic reionization
• Spectral Shapes of the Lya Emission from Galaxies. II. the influence of stellar properties and nebular conditions on the emergent Lya profiles
• The cross-power spectrum between 21cm emission and galaxies in hierarchical galaxy formation models
• The Nature of Active Galactic Nuclei with Velocity Offset Emission Lines
• Clustering and lifetime of Lyman Alpha Emitters in the Epoch of Reionization
• Faint LAEs near z>4.7 CIV absorbers revealed by MUSE
• A Physical Model of Lyman Alpha Emitters
• Continuum Emission by Cooling Clouds
• The Morphology of Reionization in a Dynamically Clumpy Universe
• High-redshift Ly alpha emitters with a large equivalent width: Properties of i-dropout galaxies with an NB921-band depression in the Subaru Deep Field
• Ly alpha emissters at z=6.5 in the SSA22 field: An area more neutral or void at the end of the reionization epoch
• What do observations of the Lyman-alpha fraction tell us about reionization?
• Discovery of Protoclusters at z~3.7 & 4.9: Embedded in Primordial Superclusters
• Modelling the fraction of Lyman Break Galaxies with strong Lyman alpha emission at 5 < z < 7
• Observing the First Stars and Black Holes
• Can the 21 cm signal probe Population III and II star formation?
• The Metal Abundances across Cosmic Time ($\mathcal{M}\mathcal{A}\mathcal{C}\mathcal{T}$) Survey. I. Optical Spectroscopy in the Subaru Deep Field
• Lyα emitters in a cosmological volume I: the impact of radiative transfer
• SILVERRUSH. IX. Lya Intensity Mapping with Star-Forming Galaxies at z=5.7 and 6.6: A Possible Detection of Extended Lya Emission at $\gtrsim$100 comoving kpc around and beyond the Virial-Radius Scale of Galaxy Dark Matter Halos
• Outside the Lyman-break box: detecting Lyman continuum emitters at $3.5<z<5.1$ with CLAUDS
• Grisms Developed for FOCAS
• Cosmology from clustering of Lyman-alpha galaxies: breaking non-gravitational Lyman-alpha radiative transfer degeneracies using the bispectrum
• The UV-continuum properties of Ly alpha selected galaxies at z=6.5
• Search for z~7 Ly-alpha emitters with Suprime-Cam at the Subaru Telescope
• Constraining Reionization in Progress at z=5.7 with Lyman-$\alpha$ Emitters: Voids, Peaks, and Cosmic Variance
• Search for z~6.96 Ly-alpha emitters with Magellan/IMACS in the COSMOS field
• Photometric Properties of the Most Massive High-Redshift Galaxies
• Similarities and uniqueness of Ly$\alpha$ emitters among star-forming galaxies at z=2.5
• CHORUS. I. Cosmic HydrOgen Reionization Unveiled with Subaru: Overview
• Upper limits on the escape fraction of ionizing radiation from galaxies at $2\lesssim z<6$
• Revisiting the [C II]${}_{158\mu \text{m}}$ line-intensity mapping power spectrum from the EoR using non-uniform line-luminosity scatter
• A Model-Insensitive Baryon Acoustic Oscillation Feature in the 21 cm Signal from Reionization
• A Correlation Between Lyα Spectral Line Profile and Rest-Frame UV Morphology
• Unveiling Luminous Ly$\alpha$ Emitters at $z\approx 6$ through JWST/NIRCam Imaging in the COSMOS Field
• Star-Forming Galaxies at z=0.24 in the Subaru Deep Field and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• Low-Metallicity Star Formation in High-Redshift Galaxies at z~8
• The molecular gas content of z > 6.5 Lyman-alpha emitters
• Millimeter observations of HCM6A, a gravitationally lensed Lyman alpha emitting galaxy at z=6.56
• The Lyman Alpha Spectral Database (LASD)
• Diffuse Lyman-alpha Halos around ~300 Spectroscopically Confirmed Lyman-alpha Emitters at z ~ 5.7
• High-redshift voids in the excursion set formalism
• Observations of the High Redshift Universe
• The Clustering of Undetected High-redshift Black Holes and Their Signatures in Cosmic Backgrounds
• GTC Observations of an Overdense Region of LAEs at z=6.5
• Local Group progenitors: Lyman Alpha bright?
• A Search for z=7.3 Lyα Emitters behind Gravitationally Lensing Clusters
• Constraining the reionization history with CMB and spectroscopic observations
• High redshift Lya emitters: clues on the Milky Way infancy
• Probing reionization using quasar near-zones at redshift z ~ 6
• Testing anthropic reasoning for the cosmological constant with a realistic galaxy formation model
• Identifying Lyman Alpha Emitters powered by AGNs
• Oxygen pumping II: Probing the Inhomogeneous Metal Enrichment at the Epoch of Reionization with High Frequency CMB Observations
• Automated selection and characterization of emission-line sources in ACS WFC grism data
• Molecular hydrogen in Lyman Alpha Emitters
• Testing an indirect method for identifying galaxies with high levels of Lyman continuum leakage
• The Taiwan ECDFS Near-Infrared Survey: Very Bright End of the Luminosity Function at z>7
• Accretion-Driven Sources in Spatially Resolved Ly$\alpha$ Emitters
• The Impact of HI in Galaxies on 21-cm Intensity Fluctuations During the Reionisation Epoch
• Constraining Reionization with Lyman Alpha Emitting Galaxies
• Void Probability Function of Simulated Surveys of high-redshift Lyman-Alpha Emitters
• Lyman Alpha Emitters and the 21cm Power Spectrum as Probes of Density-Ionization Correlation in the Epoch of Reionization
• Extinction Correction Significantly Influences the Estimate of Ly$\alpha$ Escape Fraction
• Lyman alpha Properties of Simulated Galaxies in Overdense Regions: Effects of Galactic Winds at z > 6
• Cosmic reionization in a dynamic quintessence cosmology
• Subaru FOCAS survey of z=7-7.1 Lyα emitters: a test for z >~ 7 Lyα photometric luminosity functions
• Observations of Ly$\alpha$ Emitters at High Redshift
• Narrow band selected high redshift galaxy candidates contaminated by lower redshift O[III] ultrastrong emitter line galaxies
• On the star formation efficiency in high redshift Lyman-α emitters
• Spitzer's View of the Candidate Cluster and Protocluster Catalog (CCPC)
• Filter Induced Bias in Lyα Emitter Surveys: A Comparison Between Standard and Tunable Filters. Gran Telescopio Canarias Preliminary Results
• Probing Patchy Reionization with the Void Probability Function of Lyman-$\alpha$ Emitters
• A search for Ly-alpha emitters around a concentrated-region of strong Ly-alpha absorbers at z=2.3
• The miniJPAS & J-NEP surveys: Identification and characterization of the Ly$\alpha$ Emitter population and the Ly$\alpha$ Luminosity Function
• New Results from the Magellan IMACS Spectroscopic Lyman Alpha Survey: NICMOS Observations of Lyman Alpha emitters at z=5.7
• Subaru Telescope -- History, Active/Adaptive Optics, Instruments, and Scientific Achievements
• Distinguishing AGN from starbursts as the origin of double peaked Lyman-Alpha Emitters in the reionization era
• Subaru Studies of the Cosmic Dawn
• SEURAT: SPH scheme extended with ultraviolet line radiative transfer
• Diversity of the Lyman continuum escape fractions of high-$z$ galaxies and its origins
• Deep Submillimeter Observations of Two Lyman-alpha Emitting Galaxies at z~6.5
• Searching for Pop III stars and galaxies at high redshift
• Gamma-Ray Absorption By The Cosmic Lyman Continuum From Star-forming Galaxies
• Joint Lyα emitters - quasars reionization constraints
• Constraints on the Epoch of Reionization with Roman Space Telescope and the Void Probability Function of Lyman-Alpha Emitters
• Observing high redshift galaxy clusters through lensing of the Ostriker-Vishniac effect
• The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey XIV. The evolution of the Lya emitter fraction from z=3 to z=6
• Lyman alpha emitting and related star-forming galaxies at high redshift
• High redshift galaxy surveys
• The HiZELS/UKIRT large area survey for bright Lyman-alpha emitters at z~9
• Star Forming Galaxies at z > 5