The environments of high redshift radio galaxies and quasars: probes of protoclusters

Abstract

We use the GALFORM semi-analytical model to study high density regions traced by radio galaxies and quasars at high redshifts. We explore the impact that baryonic physics has upon the properties of galaxies in these environments. Star-forming emission-line galaxies (Lyα and Hα emitters) are used to probe the environments at high redshifts. Radio galaxies are predicted to be hosted by more massive haloes than quasars, and this is imprinted on the amplitude of galaxy overdensities and cross-correlation functions. We find that Lyα radiative transfer and AGN feedback indirectly affect the clustering on small scales and also the stellar masses, star- formation rates and gas metallicities of galaxies in dense environments. We also investigate the relation between protoclusters associated with radio galaxies and quasars, and their present- day cluster descendants. The progenitors of massive clusters associated with radio galaxies and quasars allow us to determine an average protocluster size in a simple way. Overdensities within the protoclusters are found to correlate with the halo descendant masses. We present scaling relations that can be applied to observational data. By computing projection effects due to the wavelength resolution of modern spectrographs and narrow-band filters we show that the former have enough spectral resolution to map the structure of protoclusters, whereas the latter can be used to measure the clustering around radio galaxies and quasars over larger scales to determine the mass of dark matter haloes hosting them.

13 pages, 9 figures,accepted for publication after minor revision

References in corpus (25)

• Strangulation as the primary mechanism for shutting down star formation in galaxies
• The Importance of Satellite Quenching for the Build-Up of the Red Sequence of Present Day Galaxies
• A unified multi-wavelength model of galaxy formation
• Distant Radio Galaxies and their Environments
• The End of the Reionization Epoch Probed by Ly-alpha Emitters at z=6.5 in the Subaru Deep Field
• The Evolution of Black Hole Mass and Spin in Active Galactic Nuclei
• Lyman Alpha Emitting Galaxies as a Probe of Reionization
• Strangulation in Galaxy Groups
• Protoclusters associated with z > 2 radio galaxies. I. Characteristics of high redshift protoclusters
• HiZELS: a high redshift survey of H-alpha emitters. I: the cosmic star-formation rate and clustering at z=2.23
• Effects of AGN feedback on LCDM galaxies
• J-PAS: The Javalambre-Physics of the Accelerated Universe Astrophysical Survey
• Radio Jets in Galaxies with Actively Accreting Black Holes: new insights from the SDSS
• Why z > 1 radio-loud galaxies are commonly located in proto-clusters
• LCDM predictions for galaxy protoclusters I: the relation between galaxies, protoclusters and quasars at z~6
• The Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX): Description and Early Pilot Survey Results
• Lyman alpha emitting galaxies at 0.2 < z < 0.35 from GALEX spectroscopy
• The Habitat Segregation between Lyman Break Galaxies and Lyman alpha Emitters around a QSO at z~5
• Surveying Galaxy Proto-clusters in Emission: A Large-scale Structure at z=2.44 and the Outlook for HETDEX
• Ram pressure stripping in a galaxy formation model. I. A novel numerical approach
• A z=2.5 protocluster associated with the radio galaxy MRC 2104-242: star formation and differing mass functions in dense environments
• The WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey: measuring the cosmic growth rate with the two-point galaxy correlation function
• The clustering of Ly-alpha emitters in a LambdaCDM Universe
• Discovery of an Overdensity of Lyman-alpha Emitters Around a $\mathrm{z}\sim 4$ QSO with the Large Binocular Telescope
• The environments of Ly$\alpha$ blobs I: Wide-field Ly$\alpha$ imaging of TN J1338-1942, a powerful radio galaxy at $z\simeq 4.1$ associated with a giant Ly$\alpha$ nebula

Cited by in corpus (39)

• The realm of the galaxy protoclusters
• The VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey: Emerging from the Dark, a Massive Proto-Cluster at z~4.57
• Inferring the IGM Neutral Fraction at z ~ 6-8 with Low-Luminosity Lyman Break Galaxies
• Discovery of a radio galaxy at z = 5.72
• Luminous Quasars Do Not Live in the Most Overdense Regions of Galaxies at z~4
• Characterising and Identifying Galaxy Protoclusters
• Large Scale Environment of a $z=6.61$ Luminous Quasar Probed by Ly$\alpha$ Emitters and Lyman Break Galaxies
• A radio-to-mm census of star-forming galaxies in protocluster 4C23.56 at z=2.5 : Gas mass and its fraction revealed with ALMA
• How Do Galaxies trace a large scale structure?: A case study around a massive protocluster at $z=3.13$
• Modelling the luminosities and sizes of radio galaxies: radio luminosity function at z = 6
• HST Grism Confirmation of Two $z\sim 2$ Structures from the Clusters Around Radio-Loud AGN (CARLA) Survey
• Overdensity of submillimeter galaxies around the $z\simeq 2.3$ MAMMOTH-1 nebula
• Enhancement of Galaxy Overdensity around Quasar Pairs at z<3.6 based on the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program Survey
• Active Galactic Nucleus Environments and Feedback to Neighboring Galaxies at $z\sim 5$ Probed by Lyman-Alpha Emitters
• A search for faint high-redshift radio galaxy candidates at 150 MHz
• The nature of faint radio galaxies at high redshifts
• Implications of the Environments of Radio-detected AGN in a Complex Protostructure at z$\sim$3.3
• ATLAS Probe: Breakthrough Science of Galaxy Evolution, Cosmology, Milky Way, and the Solar System
• Discovery of Protoclusters at z~3.7 & 4.9: Embedded in Primordial Superclusters
• Enhanced star formation in $z\sim 6$ quasar companions
• Protocluster detection in simulations of HSC-SSP and the 10-year LSST forecast, using PCcones
• The central engine of the highest redshift blazar
• Quasars as a tracer of large-scale structures in the distant universe
• The environment of radio galaxies: A signature of AGN feedback at high redshifts
• The relation between galaxy density and radio jet power for 1.4 GHz VLA selected AGN in Stripe 82
• Extremely Massive Quasars are not Good Proxies for Dense Environments Compared to Massive Galaxies: Environments of Extremely Massive Quasars and Galaxies
• A Wide and Deep Exploration of Radio Galaxies with Subaru HSC (WERGS). VI. Distant Filamentary Structures Pointed by High-z Radio Galaxies at z~4
• A Wide and Deep Exploration of Radio Galaxies with Subaru HSC (WERGS). VII. Redshift Evolution of Radio Galaxy Environments at z=0.3-1.4
• VLT/SINFONI study of black hole growth in high redshift radio-loud quasars from the CARLA survey
• Faint Quasars Live in the Same Number Density Environments as Lyman Break Galaxies at z ~ 4
• Statistics of Two-point Correlation and Network Topology for Lyman Alpha Emitters at $z\approx 2.67$
• The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey. VIII. Radio Activity in Massive Galaxy Clusters
• Connecting the growth of galaxies to the large-scale environment in a massive node of the Cosmic Web at z~3
• Galaxy populations in protoclusters at cosmic noon
• Monster radio jet (>66 kpc) observed in quasar at z$\sim$5
• Are Lyα emitters segregated in protoclusters regions?
• Optical detection of a GMRT-detected candidate high-redshift radio galaxy with 3.6-m Devasthal optical telescope
• Submillimeter galaxy overdensities around physically associated quasar pairs
• ATCA detections of massive molecular gas reservoirs in dusty, high-z radio galaxies