Disk Masses and Dust Evolution of Protoplanetary Disks Around Brown Dwarfs
arXiv:2106.05247 · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac09e5
Abstract
We present the largest sample of brown dwarf (BD) protoplanetary disk spectral energy distributions modeled to date. We compile 49 objects with ALMA observations from four star-forming regions: Ophiuchus, Taurus, Lupus, and Upper Scorpius. Studying multiple regions with various ages enables us to probe disk evolution over time. Specifically, from our models we obtain values for dust grain sizes, dust settling, and disk mass; we compare how each of these parameters vary between the regions. We find that disk mass decreases with age. We also find evidence of disk evolution (i.e., grain growth and significant dust settling) in all four regions, indicating that planet formation and disk evolution may begin to occur at earlier stages. We generally find these disks contain too little mass to form planetary companions, though we cannot rule out that planet formation may have already occurred. Finally, we examine the disk mass -- host mass relationship and find that BD disks are largely consistent with previously-determined relationships for disks around T Tauri stars.
preprint includes 31 pages, 15 figures. Accepted to ApJ June 28, 2021
References in corpus (32)
- The Gaia mission
- Some Aspects of Measurement Error in Linear Regression of Astronomical Data
- X-Shooter spectroscopy of young stellar objects in Lupus: Accretion properties of class II and transitional objects
- A Steeper than Linear Disk Mass-Stellar Mass Scaling Relation
- Monte Carlo radiative transfer in protoplanetary disks
- UV excess measures of accretion onto young very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs
- The properties of brown dwarfs and low-mass hydrogen-burning stars formed by disc fragmentation
- On the Diversity of the Taurus Transitional Disks: UX Tau A & Lk Ca 15
- The Gould's Belt Distances Survey (GOBELINS) I. Trigonometric parallax distances and depth of the Ophiuchus complex
- Dust Density Distribution and Imaging Analysis of Different Ice Lines in Protoplanetary Disks
- The potential for Earth-mass planet formation around brown dwarfs
- The Mass Budget of Planet Forming Discs: Isolating the Epoch of Planetesimal Formation
- Investigating grain growth in disks around southern T Tauri stars at millimetre wavelengths
- Brown dwarf disks with ALMA: evidence for truncated dust disks in Ophiuchus
- The Ophiuchus DIsk Survey Employing ALMA (ODISEA): Disk Dust Mass Distributions across Protostellar Evolutionary Classes
- Brown dwarf disks with ALMA
- ALMA survey of Class II protoplanetary disks in Corona Australis: a young region with low disk masses
- Interferometric Identification of a Pre-Brown Dwarf
- Hubble and Spitzer Observations of an Edge-on Circumstellar Disk around a Brown Dwarf
- Millimetre spectral indices of transition disks and their relation to the cavity radius
- X-Shooter study of accretion in -Ophiucus: very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs
- Far-infrared to millimeter data of protoplanetary disks: dust growth in the Taurus, Ophiuchus, and Chamaeleon I star-forming regions
- Protoplanetary disk masses in NGC 2024: Evidence for two populations
- Protoplanetary Disk Masses from Radiative Transfer Modeling: A Case Study in Taurus
- Structural and compositional properties of brown dwarf disks: the case of 2MASS J04442713+2512164
- The transition disc frequency in M stars
- Demographics of disks around young very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs in Lupus
- The Taurus Boundary of Stellar/Substellar (TBOSS) Survey II. Disk Masses from ALMA Continuum Observations
- An ALMA Survey of Protoplanetary Disks in Lynds 1641
- Ionization: a possible explanation for the difference of mean disk sizes in star-forming regions
- Brown dwarf disks with Herschel: Linking far-infrared and (sub)-mm fluxes
- Modeling the Protoplanetary Disks of Two Brown Dwarfs in the Taurus Molecular Cloud