Symmetry breaking orbital anisotropy on detwinned Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 above the spin density wave transition

Abstract

Nematicity, defined as broken rotational symmetry, has recently been observed in competing phases proximate to the superconducting phase in the cuprate high temperature superconductors. Similarly, the new iron-based high temperature superconductors exhibit a tetragonal to orthorhombic structural transition (i.e. a broken C4 symmetry) that either precedes or is coincident with a collinear spin density wave (SDW) transition in undoped parent compounds, and superconductivity arises when both transitions are suppressed via doping. Evidence for strong in-plane anisotropy in the SDW state in this family of compounds has been reported by neutron scattering, scanning tunneling microscopy, and transport measurements. Here we present an angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of detwinned single crystals of a representative family of electron-doped iron-arsenide superconductors, Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 in the underdoped region. The crystals were detwinned via application of in-plane uniaxial stress, enabling measurements of single domain electronic structure in the orthorhombic state. At low temperatures, our results clearly demonstrate an in-plane electronic anisotropy characterized by a large energy splitting of two orthogonal bands with dominant dxz and dyz character, which is consistent with anisotropy observed by other probes. For compositions x>0, for which the structural transition (TS) precedes the magnetic transition (TSDW), an anisotropic splitting is observed to develop above TSDW, indicating that it is specifically associated with TS. For unstressed crystals, the band splitting is observed close to TS, whereas for stressed crystals the splitting is observed to considerably higher temperatures, revealing the presence of a surprisingly large in-plane nematic susceptibility in the electronic structure.

final version published in PNAS, including supplementary information

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• Theoretical investigation of the electronic and magnetic properties of the orthorhombic phase of Ba(Fe${}_{1-x}$Co${}_x$)${}_2$As${}_2$
• Lattice dynamics in the double-helix antiferromagnet FeP
• Isostructural spin-density-wave and superconducting gap anisotropies in iron-arsenide superconductors
• Two-Fluid Description for Iron-Based Superconductors
• Quasi-one Dimensional Nanostructures as Sign of Nematicity in Iron Pnictides and Chalcogenides
• Nematic state stabilized by off-site Coulomb interaction in iron-based superconductors
• The Hidden Nematic Fluctuations in the Triclinic (Ca0.85La0.15)10(Pt3As8)(Fe2As2)5 Superconductor Revealed by Ultrafast Optical Spectroscopy
• Incoherent electronic band states in Mn-substituted BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$
• Theoretical study on the anisotropic electronic structure of antiferromagnetic BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$ and Co-doped Ba(Fe${}_{1-x}$Co${}_x$)${}_2$As${}_2$ seen by angle-resolved photoemission
• Nematicity in LaFeAsO${}_{1-x}$F${}_x$
• Magnetic detwinning and biquadratic magnetic interaction in EuFe2As2 revealed by 153Eu NMR
• Dimer Impurity Scattering, "Reconstructed" Nesting and Density-Wave Diagnostics in Iron Pnictides
• Strain-induced spin-nematic state and nematic susceptibility arising from $2\times 2$ Fe clusters in KFe${}_{0.8}$Ag${}_{1.2}$Te${}_2$
• Nematicity, magnetic fluctuation and ferro-spin-orbital ordering in BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$ family
• Disorder-Induced Electronic Nematicity
• Unexpected Enhancement of Three-Dimensional Low-Energy Spin Correlations in Quasi-Two-Dimensional Fe${}_{1+y}$Te${}_{1-x}$Se${}_x$ System at High Temperature
• Spectral Evidence for Unidirectional Charge Density Wave in Detwinned BaNi${}_2$As${}_2$
• Drude weight anisotropy in the doped iron pnictides: the primary role of orbital weight redistribution along the reconstructed Fermi surfaces
• Magneto-elastic coupling in Fe-based superconductors
• High impact of spin-nematic order on the lattice domains in thin films of iron-based superconductors
• Semimetallic spin-density wave state in iron pnictides
• Ubiquitous stripe phase and enhanced electron pairing in interfacial high-Tc superconductor FeSe/BaTiO${}_3$
• Structural Phase Transition, Antiferromagnetism and Two Superconducting Domes in LaFeAsO${}_{1-x}$F${}_x$ (0 $<x\le$ 0.75)
• Nematic response revealed by coherent phonon oscillations in BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$
• Oriented gap opening in the magnetically ordered state of Iron-pnicitides: an impact of intrinsic unit cell doubling on the $Fe$ square lattice by $As$ atoms
• Surface adatom conductance filtering in scanning tunneling spectroscopy of Co-doped BaFe2As2 iron pnictide superconductors
• Uniaxial stress effect on the electronic structure of quantum materials
• Rotation of the dislocation grid in multilayer FeSe films and visualization of electronic nematic domains via orbital-selective tunneling
• Electronic structure, spin excitations, and orbital ordering in a three-orbital model for iron pnictides
• Theories for charge-driven nematicity in kagome metals
• Doping dependence and electron-boson coupling in the ultrafast relaxation of hot electron populations in Ba(Fe_{1-x}Co_x)_2As_2
• Revealing the intrinsic superconducting gap anisotropy in surface-neutralized BaFe${}_2$(As${}_{0.7}$P${}_{0.3}$)${}_2$
• Phase transitions in a frustrated biquadratic Heisenberg model with coupled orbital degree of freedom for iron-based superconductors
• Nematic fluctuations in the non-superconducting iron pnictide BaFe${}_{1.9-x}$Ni${}_{0.1}$Cr${}_x$As${}_2$
• Nematic superconductivity from selective orbital pairing in Ba(Fe1-xMx)2As2 (M = Co, Ni) single crystals
• Anomalous Superconducting-Gap Structure of Slightly Overdoped Ba(Fe${}_{1-x}$Co${}_x$)${}_2$As${}_2$
• Unusual band splitting and superconducting gap evolution with sulfur substitution in FeSe
• The role of orbital order in the stabilization of the $(\pi ,0)$ ordered magnetic state in a minimal two-band model for iron pnictides
• Orbital-dependent modulation of the superconducting gap in uniaxially strained Ba${}_{0.6}$K${}_{0.4}$Fe${}_2$As${}_2$
• Possible signature of broken symmetry state near the quantum critical point in P doped BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$: A Raman spectroscopy study
• Diverse Exotic Orders and Fermiology in Fe-based Superconductors: A Unified Mechanism for $B_{1g}/B_{2g}$ Nematicity in FeSe/(Cs,Rb)Fe${}_2$As${}_2$ and Smectic Order in BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$
• Spontaneous Fermi surface deformation in the three-band Hubbard model: A variational Monte Carlo study
• Deviating band symmetries and many-body interactions in a model hole doped iron pnictide superconductor
• Combined resistivity and Hall effect study on NaFe${}_{1-x}$Rh${}_x$As single crystals
• Surface Nematic Order in Iron Pnictides
• Surface symmetry breaking and disorder effects on superconductivity in perovskite BaBi3 epitaxial films
• Gap-like feature in the normal state of $\mathbf{X}(\mathbf{F}{\mathbf{e}}_{1-\mathbf{x}}\mathbf{C}{\mathbf{o}}_{\mathbf{x}}{)}_2\mathbf{A}{\mathbf{s}}_2$, $\mathbf{X}=\mathbf{Ba},\mathbf{Sr}$ and $\mathbf{F}{\mathbf{e}}_{1+\mathbf{y}}\mathbf{Te}$ revealed by Point Contact Spectroscopy
• Influence of orbital nematic order on spin responses in Fe-based superconductors
• Breaking of four-fold lattice symmetry in a model for pnictide superconductors
• Microscopic origin of the nemato-elastic coupling and dynamics of hybridized collective nematic-phonon excitations
• The Hund's Superconductor Li(Fe,Co)As
• Transient gap generation in BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$ driven by coherent lattice vibrations
• The driving mechanism of the d-wave orbital order in the iron-based superconductors
• Electronic nematic order in the normal state of strontium ruthenate
• Spin-wave excitations in the SDW state of iron pnictides: a comparison between the roles of interaction parameters
• Electronic structure of the quadrupolar ordered heavy-fermion compound YbRu2Ge2 measured by angle-resolved photoemission
• Multi-orbital quantum antiferromagnetism in iron pnictides --- effective spin couplings and quantum corrections to sublattice magnetization
• Strain-activated structural anisotropy in BaFe2As2
• Electronically driven nematicity in FeSe Films on SrTiO3
• Orbital-selective electronic excitations in iron arsenides revealed by simulated nonresonant inelastic x-ray scattering
• Suppression of nematicity by tensile strain in multilayer FeSe/SrTiO${}_3$ films
• Spin-wave excitations in the SDW state of doped iron pnictides
• Superconducting states of a J1-J2-K model for iron pnictides
• In-plane electronic anisotropy revealed by interlayer resistivity measurements on the iron-based superconductor parent compound CaFeAsF
• Two-step phase transitions in Fe(Se,Te)
• The influence of the structural transition on magnetic fluctuations in NaFeAs
• Magnetic form factor analysis on detwinned single crystal of BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$
• Atomic-scale imaging of electronic nematicity in ferropnictides
• Edwards-Anderson parameter and local Ising-nematicity in FeSe revealed via NMR spectral broadening
• Anisotropic Electronic Mobilities in the Nematic State of the Parent Phase NaFeAs
• Decoupling of Lattice and Orbital Degrees of Freedom in an Iron-Pnictide Superconductor
• Band structure and Fermi surfaces of the reentrant ferromagnetic superconductor Eu(Fe0.86Ir0.14)2As2
• Coarsening dynamics of Ising-nematic order in a frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnet
• A Short Review of the $S_4$ Symmetric Microscopic Model for Iron-Based High Temperature Superconductors
• Optical and transport properties of Ba(Fe${}_{1-x}$Ni${}_x$)${}_2$As${}_2$ films
• Orbital-lattice coupling and orbital ordering instability in iron pnictides
• Reflection anisotropy experiments to study non-equilibrium dynamics of electronic nematicity
• Observation of the Dirac Dispersions in Co-doped CaFe2As2
• Hund's coupling and electronic anisotropy in the spin-density wave state of iron pnictides
• Magneto-orbital coupling in iron pnictides
• Coincidence detection techniques for direct measurement of many-body correlations in strongly correlated electron systems
• Origin of in-plane anisotropic resistivity in the antiferromagnetic phase of Fe${}_{1+x}$Te