Magnetism and its microscopic origin in iron-based high-temperature superconductors

Abstract

High-temperature superconductivity in the iron-based materials emerges from, or sometimes coexists with, their metallic or insulating parent compound states. This is surprising since these undoped states display dramatically different antiferromagnetic (AF) spin arrangements and N$\acute{\mathrm{e}}$el temperatures. Although there is general consensus that magnetic interactions are important for superconductivity, much is still unknown concerning the microscopic origin of the magnetic states. In this review, progress in this area is summarized, focusing on recent experimental and theoretical results and discussing their microscopic implications. It is concluded that the parent compounds are in a state that is more complex than implied by a simple Fermi surface nesting scenario, and a dual description including both itinerant and localized degrees of freedom is needed to properly describe these fascinating materials.

14 pages, 4 figures, Review article, accepted for publication in Nature Physics

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• Antiferromagnetic order and spin dynamics in iron-based superconductors
• Electronic structure of quantum materials studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
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• Iron based high transition temperature superconductors
• Pressure-induced Superconductivity in the Iron-based Ladder Material BaFe2S3
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• Role of the orbital degree of freedom in iron-based superconductors
• Superconductivity from Valley Fluctuations and Approximate SO(4) Symmetry in a Weak Coupling Theory of Twisted Bilayer Graphene
• Using Gap Symmetry and Structure to Reveal the Pairing Mechanism in Fe-based Superconductors
• Spin dynamics and an orbital-antiphase pairing symmetry in iron-based superconductors
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• Magnetism, superconductivity, and spontaneous orbital order in iron-based superconductors: who comes first and why?
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• On the Remarkable Superconductivity of FeSe and its Close Cousins
• Double-Q spin-density wave in iron arsenide superconductors
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• The origin of nematic order in FeSe
• Hexagonal Perovskites as Quantum Materials
• Nematic State of the Pnictides Stabilized by the Interplay Between Spin, Orbital, and Lattice Degrees of Freedom
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• Structural and Magnetic Phase Diagram of CrAs and its Relationship with Pressure-induced Superconductivity
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• Magnetic order without tetragonal-symmetry-breaking in iron arsenides: microscopic mechanism and spin-wave spectrum
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• Magnetic correlations and pairing in the 1/5-depleted square lattice Hubbard model
• Fermi-surface topology of the iron pnictide LaFe${}_2$P${}_2$
• Flipping of antiferromagnetic to superconducting states in pressurized quasi-one-dimensional manganese-based compounds
• Role of Magnetism in Superconductivity of BaFe2As2: Study of 5d Au-doped Crystals
• Kagome metals
• Magnetic moment evolution and spin freezing in doped BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$
• Signatures of pairing in the magnetic excitation spectrum of strongly correlated ladders
• Doping evolution of antiferromagnetism and transport properties in the non-superconducting BaFe2-2xNixCrxAs2
• Anomalous High-Energy Electronic Interaction in Iron-Based Superconductor
• Diverging Nematic Susceptibility, Physical Meaning of T* scale, and Pseudogap in the Spin Fermion Model for Pnictides
• Weak magnetism and the Mott-state of vanadium in superconducting Sr2VO3FeAs
• Magnetic field effects in electron systems with imperfect nesting
• Quantum magnetism of iron-based ladders: Blocks, spirals, and spin flux
• Interplay of localized and itinerant behavior in the one-dimensional Kondo-Heisenberg model
• Orbital Symmetry and Orbital Excitations in High-$T_c$ Superconductors
• Oxygen magnetic polarization, nodes in spin density, and zigzag spin order in oxides
• Elementary Excitations due to Orbital Degrees of Freedom in Iron Based Superconductors
• Optical observation of spin-density-wave fluctuations in Ba122 iron-based superconductors
• Spin density wave order and fluctuations in Mn3Si: a transport study
• Transitions from a Kondo-like diamagnetic insulator into a modulated ferromagnetic metal in ${\mathrm{FeGa}}_{3-\mathbf{y}}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{\mathbf{y}}$
• $B_{1g}$-like pairing states in two-leg ladder iron superconductors
• Direct Visualization of Irreducible Ferrielectricity in Crystals
• Superconductivity up to 14.2 K in MnB${}_4$ under pressure
• Density Matrix Renormalization Group Study of Nematicity in Two Dimensions: Application to a Spin-$1$ Bilinear-Biquadratic Model on the Square Lattice
• Coexistence of ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and superconductivity in magnetically anisotropic (Eu,La)FeAs2
• Elementary excitations in the ordered phase of spin-1/2 J1-J2 model on square lattice
• Competing magnetic interactions in spin-1/2 square lattice: hidden order in Sr${}_2$VO${}_4$
• Orbital loop currents in iron-based superconductors
• Magnetic fluctuations driven insulator-to-metal transition in Ca(Ir${}_{1-x}$Ru${}_x$)O${}_3$
• Phase competition in a one-dimensional three-orbital Hubbard-Holstein model
• Physics picture from neutron scattering study on Fe-based superconductors
• Quantum Transitions of Nematic Phases in a Spin-$1$ Bilinear-Biquadratic Model and Their Implications for FeSe
• Temperature-induced Change in the Fermi Surface Topology in the Spin Density Wave Phase of Sr(Fe${}_{1-x}$Co${}_x$)${}_2$As${}_2$
• Can Orbital-Selective Néel Transitions Survive Strong Nonlocal Electronic Correlations?
• Possible Bicollinear Nematic State with Monoclinic Lattice Distortions in Iron Telluride Compounds
• Low energy magnetic excitations from the Fe${}_{1+y-z}$(Ni/Cu)${}_z$Te${}_{1-x}$Se${}_x$ system
• Hubbard-Kanamori model: spectral functions, negative electron compressibility, and susceptibilities
• Helical magnetic state in the vicinity of the pressure-induced superconducting phase in MnP
• Spin Waves and Spatially Anisotropic Exchange Interactions in the $\mathrm{S}=2$ Stripe Antiferromagnet Rb${}_{0.8}$Fe${}_{1.5}$S${}_2$
• Magnetic neutron scattering studies on the Fe-based superconductor system Fe${}_{1+y}$Te${}_{1-x}$Se${}_x$
• Doping effects of Cr on the physical properties of BaFe${}_{1.9-x}$Ni${}_{0.1}$Cr${}_x$As${}_2$
• Hybrid excitations due to crystal-field, spin-orbit coupling and spin-waves in LiFePO${}_4$
• On-site Atractive Multiorbital Hamiltonian for $d$-Wave Superconductors
• First Principles Study of the Magnetic Properties of LaOMnAs
• Isotropic Quenched Disorder Triggers a Robust Nematic State in Electron-Doped Pnictides
• Field-induced spin nematic Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid of the $S=1/2$ spin ladder system with the anisotropic ferromagnetic rung interaction
• Nematic Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces from magnetic toroidal order in FeSe${}_{1-x}$S${}_x$
• Unravelling the mechanism of the semiconducting-like behavior and its relation to superconductivity in (CaFe${}_{1-x}$Pt${}_x$As)${}_{10}$Pt${}_3$As${}_8$
• Strongly Coupled Electronic, Magnetic, and Lattice Degrees of Freedom in LaCo5 under Pressure
• "Forbidden" phonon: dynamical signature of bond symmetry breaking in the iron chalcogenides
• Insulating and metallic spin glass in K${}_x$Fe${}_{2-\delta -y}$Ni${}_y$Se${}_2$ (0.06 $\le$ $y$ $\le$ 1.44) single crystals
• Fate of density waves in the presence of a higher order van Hove singularity
• Anomalous connection between antiferromagnetic and superconducting phases in pressurized non-centrosymmetric heavy fermion compound CeRhGe3
• Orbital-selective coherence-incoherence crossover and metal-insulator transition in Cu-doped NaFeAs
• Strongly anisotropic antiferromagnetic coupling in EuFe2As2 revealed by stress detwinning
• Anomalous Dome-like Superconductivity in RE2(Cu1-xNix)5As3O2(RE=La, Pr, Nd)
• Magnetic surface reconstruction in the van-der-Waals antiferromagnet Fe${}_{1+x}$Te
• Lattice Parameters Guide Superconductivity in Iron-Arsenides
• Dynamical spin susceptibility of spin-valley half-metal
• Coexistence of localized and itinerant magnetism in intercalated iron-selenide (Li,Fe)OHFeSe
• Suppression of superconductivity by spin fluctuations in iron-based superconductors
• Isostructural spin-density-wave and superconducting gap anisotropies in iron-arsenide superconductors
• Nonmagnetic impurity resonance states as a test of superconducting pairing symmetry in CeCoIn${}_5$
• Intrinsic charge dynamics in high-Tc AFeAs(O,F) superconductors
• Minimal-size Real Space d-wave Pairing Operator in CuO2 Planes
• Local Structure of Mott Insulating Iron Oxychalcogenides La${}_2$O${}_2$Fe${}_2$O$M$${}_2$ ($M$ = S, Se)
• Single-crystal growth of iron-based superconductor La${}_{0.34}$Na${}_{0.66}$Fe${}_2$As${}_2$
• Modeling unconventional superconductivity at the crossover between strong and weak electronic interactions
• Mössbauer spectroscopy study of magnetic fluctuations in superconducting RbGd${}_2$Fe${}_4$As${}_4$O${}_2$
• CoAs: The line of 3d demarcation
• Spin Quenching Assisted by a Strongly Anisotropic Compression Behavior in MnP
• Superconductivity at the vacancy disorder boundary in K${}_x$Fe${}_{2-y}$Se${}_2$
• Intertwined charge, spin, and pairing orders in doped iron ladders
• Possible Way to Make MgFeGe a New Fe-based Superconductor
• Itinerant scenario for Fe-pnictides: comparison with quantum Monte Carlo
• Non-collinear order and gapless superconductivity in s-wave magnetic superconductors
• Orbital Selective Directional Conductor in the Two Orbital Hubbard Model
• Nematicity, magnetic fluctuation and ferro-spin-orbital ordering in BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$ family
• Stoichiometric FeTe is a Superconductor
• Fractional Flux Plateau in Magnetization Curve of Multicomponent Superconductor Loop
• Orbital Selective Phase Transition
• Topological surface states and Andreev bound states in superconducting iron pnictides
• Modelling the electronic structure and magnetic properties of LiFeAs and FeSe using hybrid-exchange density functional theory
• Novel Block Excitonic Condensate at $n=3.5$ in a Spin-Orbit Coupled $t_{2g}$ Multiorbital Hubbard Model
• Neutron spin resonance as a probe of superconducting gap anisotropy in partially detwinned electron underdoped NaFe${}_{0.985}$Co${}_{0.015}$As
• Vibrational anomalies in AFe${}_2$As${}_2$ (A$=$Ca, Sr, and Ba) single crystals
• Neutron Spin Resonance Near a Lifshitz Transition in Overdoped Ba${}_{0.4}$K${}_{0.6}$Fe${}_2$As${}_2$
• Manifestation of incoherent-coherent crossover and non-Stoner magnetism in the electronic structure of Fe${}_3$GeTe${}_2$
• A three-state model with competing antiferromagnetic and pairing interactions
• Itinerant magnetism in metallic CuFe2Ge2
• Absence of magnetism in the superconductor Ba2Ti2Fe2As4O: Insights from inelastic neutron scattering measurements and ab initio calculations of phonon spectra
• Pauli limited d-wave superconductors: Quantum breached pair phase and thermal transitions
• Magnetic Properties Controlled by Interstitial or Interlayer Cations in Iron Chalcogenides
• Incommensurate magnetic states induced by ordering competition in $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{a}}_{1-\mathrm{x}}\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{a}}_{\mathrm{x}}\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{e}}_2\mathrm{A}{\mathrm{s}}_2$
• Anomalous magneto-elastic and charge doping effects in thallium-doped BaFe2As2
• Revealing the intrinsic superconducting gap anisotropy in surface-neutralized BaFe${}_2$(As${}_{0.7}$P${}_{0.3}$)${}_2$
• Interplay between Magnetic and Vestigial Nematic Orders in the Layered $J_1$-$J_2$ Classical Heisenberg Model
• Orbital order from the on-site orbital attraction
• Sustained phase separation and spin glass in Co-doped K${}_x$Fe${}_{2-y}$Se${}_2$ single crystals
• Phase transitions in a frustrated biquadratic Heisenberg model with coupled orbital degree of freedom for iron-based superconductors
• Pair-Kondo effect: a mechanism for time-reversal broken superconductivity in UTe${}_2$
• Pressure-induced superconductivity in iron-based spin-ladder compound BaFe2+δ(S1-Sex)3
• Distinct Nature of Orbital Selective Mott Phases Dominated by the Low-energy Local Spin Fluctuations
• Field-induced quantum critical point in the new itinerant antiferromagnet Ti${}_3$Cu${}_4$
• Oriented gap opening in the magnetically ordered state of Iron-pnicitides: an impact of intrinsic unit cell doubling on the $Fe$ square lattice by $As$ atoms
• Roles of anisotropic and unequal gaps in the quasiparticle interference of superconducting iron pnictides
• Common ($\pi$,$\pi$) Band Folding and Surface Reconstruction in FeAs-Based Superconductors
• Magnetic and pairing properties of a two-orbital model for the pnictide superconductors: A quantum Monte Carlo study
• Nematic superconductivity from selective orbital pairing in Ba(Fe1-xMx)2As2 (M = Co, Ni) single crystals
• BaCuS2: a superconductor with moderate electron-electron correlation
• Luther-Emery liquid and dominant singlet superconductivity in the hole-doped Haldane spin-1 chain
• Nonmetallic Low-Temperature Normal State of K0.70Fe1.46Se1.85Te0.15
• Epitaxial stabilization of an orthorhombic Mg-Ti-O superconductor
• Spin dynamics in NaFeAs and NaFe${}_{0.53}$Cu${}_{0.47}$As probed by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering
• Absence of strong magnetic fluctuations in the iron phosphide superconductors LaFePO and Sr2ScO3FeP
• Influence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling on the 0-$\pi$ transition and Kondo temperature in 1D superconductors
• The structure of the superconducting high-pressure phase of Sc${}_3$CoC${}_4$
• Interplay between nematic fluctuation and superconductivity in the two-orbital Hubbard model: A quantum Monte Carlo study
• An investigation of the interrelationship between pressure and correlation in LaFeAsO under pressure
• Metallicity of Ca2Cu6P5 with Single and Double Copper-Pnictide Layers
• Enhanced low-energy magnetic excitations evidencing the Cu-induced localization in an Fe-based superconductor Fe${}_{0.98}$Te${}_{0.5}$Se${}_{0.5}$
• Optical study of the antiferromagnetic ordered state in electron-overdoped Ca0.77Nd0.23FeAs2
• Modulation of pairing symmetry with bond disorder in unconventional superconductors
• Persistent Magnetism in Silver-doped BaFe2As2 Crystals
• Longitudinal modes of spin fluctuations in iron-based superconductors
• Tuning the magnetism of the top-layer FeAs on BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$(001): First-principles study
• Odd-Parity Magnetism in Fe-Based Superconductors
• Phase separation and pairing fluctuations in oxide materials
• Fluctuating magnetism of Co- and Cu-doped NaFeAs
• Suppression of antiferromagnetic order and strong ferromagnetic spin fluctuations in Ni-doped CaCo2As2 single crystals
• Carrier Tuning of Stoner Ferromagnetism in ThCr${}_2$Si${}_2$-Structure Cobalt Arsenides
• Paramagnetic spin excitations in insulating Rb${}_{0.8}$Fe${}_{1.6}$Se${}_2$
• Spin-wave excitations in the SDW state of doped iron pnictides
• Calculation of the specific heat of optimally K-doped BaFe${}_2$As${}_2$
• Preformed Cooper Pairs in a Triclinic Iron Pnictide Superconductor
• Phonon Spectra in the Parent Superconducting Iron-tuned Telluride Fe${}_{1+x}$Te from Inelastic Neutron Scattering and Ab Initio Calculations
• Interplay of iron and rare-earth magnetic order in rare-earth iron pnictide superconductors under magnetic field
• Coexisting Néel and charge density wave orders in attractive three-color fermions
• Consistent picture of the octet-nodal gap and its evolution with doping in heavily overdoped Ba${}_{1-x}$K${}_x$Fe${}_2$As${}_2$
• Emergent channel over a pair of pockets in strong density waves
• Magnon damping and mode softening in quantum double-exchange ferromagnets
• Probing superconductivity and pairing symmetry by coherent phonons in multiorbital superconductors
• Spin fluctuations in the 112-type iron-based superconductor Ca${}_{0.82}$La${}_{0.18}$Fe${}_{0.96}$Ni${}_{0.04}$As${}_2$
• First-principles study of the electronic structure of CaKRu${}_4$P${}_4$
• Acoustic lattice instabilities at the magneto-structural transition in Fe${}_{1.057(7)}$Te
• Stripe Antiferromagnetic Ground-State Configuration of FeSe Revealed by Density Functional Theory
• Linear Foundation Model for Quantum Embedding: Data-Driven Compression of the Ghost Gutzwiller Variational Space
• Intertwined charge, spin, and orbital degrees of freedom under electronic correlations in the one-dimensional Fe${}^{3+}$ chalcogenide chain
• Spin Fluctuations in the Rare-Earth Doped Bilayer Nickelates
• Magnetism and Superconductivity in Iron-based Superconductors Decided by Condensed Particle-hole Excitations away from the Fermi Level
• Antiferromagnetic structure and magnetic properties of Dy2O2Te: An isostructural analog of the rare-earth superconductors R2O2Bi
• Emergence of ferromagnetism due to Ir substitutions in single-crystalline Ba[Co(1 x)Ir(x)]2As2
• Superconductivity in the pressure-amorphized topological insulator CrP${}_4$
• Three-dimensional spin susceptibility in Ba${}_{0.75}$K${}_{0.25}$Fe${}_2$As${}_2$: Out-of-plane modulation revealed by neutron spectroscopy and theoretical modeling
• Iron-Based Superconductors as Parity Odd Superconductors
• Multiple localized-itinerant dualities in magnetism of 5f electron systems. The case of UPt${}_2$Si${}_2$
• Hund's coupling and electronic anisotropy in the spin-density wave state of iron pnictides
• Discovery of a bi-critical point between antiferromagnetic and superconducting phases in pressurized single crystal Ca0.73La0.27FeAs2