Manifestation of nematic degrees of freedom in the Raman response function of iron pnictides

Abstract

We establish a relation between the Raman response function in the $B_{1g}$ channel and the electronic contribution to the nematic susceptibility within the spin-driven approach to electron nematicity of the iron based superconductors. The spin-driven nematic phase, characterized by the broken $C_4$ symmetry, but unbroken $O(3$) spin-rotational symmetry, is generated by the presence of magnetic fluctuations associated with the striped phase. It occurs as a separate phase between $T_N$ and $T_s$ in systems where the structural and magnetic phase transitions are separated. Detecting the presence of nematic degrees of freedom in iron-based superconductors is a difficult task, since it involves measuring higher order spin correlation functions. We show that the nematic degrees of freedom manifest themselves in the experimentally measurable Raman response function. We calculate the Raman response function in tetragonal phase in the large $N$ limit by considering Aslamazov-Larkin type of diagrams that contain a series of inserted fermionic boxes that resemble the nematic coupling constant of the theory. These diagrams effectively account for collisions between spin fluctuations. By summing an infinite number of such higher order diagrams, we demonstrate that the electronic Raman response function shows a clear maximum at the structural phase transition in the $B_{1g}$ channel. Hence, the Raman response function can be used to probe nematic degrees of freedom.

13 pages, 5 figures, corrected typos, discussion about A1g channel added, added references

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• Elastic coupling and spin-driven nematicity in iron-based superconductors
• Origin of diverse nematic orders in Fe-based superconductors: 45${}^{\circ }$ rotated nematicity in AFe${}_2$As${}_2$ (A=Cs, Rb)
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• Lattice-Shifted Nematic Quantum Critical Point in FeSe${}_{1-x}$S${}_x$
• Raman response in the nematic phase of FeSe
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• Orbital superconductivity, defects and pinned nematic fluctuations in the doped iron chalcogenide FeSe${}_{0.45}$Te${}_{0.55}$
• Nematic Fluctuations and Phase Transitions in LaFeAsO: a Raman Scattering Study
• Dynamical susceptibility of a near-critical non-conserved order parameter and B2g Raman response in Fe-based superconductors
• Raman resonance in iron-based superconductors: The magnetic scenario
• Fluctuations and pairing in Fe-based superconductors: Light scattering experiments
• Superconductivity and fluctuation in Ba${}_{1-p}$K${}_p$Fe${}_2$As${}_2$ and Ba(Fe${}_{1-n}$Co${}_n$)${}_2$As${}_2$
• Fluctuation Spectrum of Critical Fermi Surfaces
• Evolution of lattice, spin, and charge properties across the phase diagram of FeSe${}_{1-x}$S${}_x$
• Theories for charge-driven nematicity in kagome metals
• Superconducting gap and nematic resonance at the quantum critical point observed by Raman scattering in $\mathrm{BaF}{\mathrm{e}}_2({\mathrm{As}}_{1-x}{\mathrm{P}}_x{)}_2$
• Strain tuning and anisotropic spin correlations in iron-based systems
• Detecting isotropic density and nematic fluctuations using ultrafast coherent phonon spectroscopy