DESI 2024 VII: Cosmological Constraints from the Full-Shape Modeling of Clustering Measurements

Abstract

We present cosmological results from the measurement of clustering of galaxy, quasar and Lyman-$\alpha$ forest tracers from the first year of observations with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI Data Release 1). We adopt the full-shape (FS) modeling of the power spectrum, including the effects of redshift-space distortions, in an analysis which has been validated in a series of supporting papers. In the flat $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model, DESI (FS+BAO), combined with a baryon density prior from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and a weak prior on the scalar spectral index, determines matter density to ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{m}}=0.2962\pm 0.0095$, and the amplitude of mass fluctuations to ${\sigma }_8=0.842\pm 0.034$. The addition of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data tightens these constraints to ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{m}}=0.3056\pm 0.0049$ and ${\sigma }_8=0.8121\pm 0.0053$, while further addition of the the joint clustering and lensing analysis from the Dark Energy Survey Year-3 (DESY3) data leads to a 0.4% determination of the Hubble constant, $H_0=(68.40\pm 0.27)\mathrm{km}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}\mathrm{Mp}{\mathrm{c}}^{-1}$. In models with a time-varying dark energy equation of state, combinations of DESI (FS+BAO) with CMB and type Ia supernovae continue to show the preference, previously found in the DESI DR1 BAO analysis, for $w_0>-1$ and $w_a<0$ with similar levels of significance. DESI data, in combination with the CMB, impose the upper limits on the sum of the neutrino masses of $\sum m_{\nu }<0.071\mathrm{eV}$ at 95% confidence. DESI data alone measure the modified-gravity parameter that controls the clustering of massive particles, ${\mu }_0=0.11_{-0.54}^{+0.45}$, while the combination of DESI with the CMB and the clustering and lensing analysis from DESY3 constrains both modified-gravity parameters, giving ${\mu }_0=0.04\pm 0.22$ and ${\Sigma }_0=0.044\pm 0.047$, in agreement with general relativity. [Abridged.]

This DESI Collaboration Key Publication is part of the 2024 publication series using the first year of observations (see https://data.desi.lbl.gov/doc/papers/). 55 pages, 10 figures

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