Massive neutrinos and cosmic composition

Abstract

Cosmological data probe massive neutrinos via their effects on the geometry of the Universe and the growth of structure, both of which are degenerate with the late-time expansion history. We clarify the nature of these degeneracies and the individual roles of both probes in neutrino mass inference. Geometry is strongly sensitive to neutrino masses: within $\Lambda$CDM, the primary cosmic microwave background anisotropies alone impose that the matter fraction ${\Omega }_m$ must increase fivefold with increasing neutrino mass. Moreover, large-scale structure observables, like weak lensing of the CMB, are dimensionless and thus depend not on the matter density (as often quoted) but in fact the matter fraction. We explore the consequential impact of this distinction on the interplay between probes of structure, low-redshift distances, and CMB anisotropies. We derive constraints on the neutrino's masses independently from their suppression of structure and impact on geometry, showing that the latter is at least as important as the former. While the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument's recent baryon acoustic oscillation data place stringent bounds largely deriving from their geometric incompatibility with massive neutrinos, all recent type Ia supernova datasets drive marginal preferences for nonzero neutrino masses because they prefer substantially larger matter fractions. Recent CMB lensing data, however, neither exclude neutrinos' suppression of structure nor constrain it strongly enough to discriminate between mass hierarchies. Current data thus evince not a need for modified dynamics of neutrino perturbations or structure growth but rather an inconsistent compatibility with massive neutrinos' impact on the expansion history. We identify two of DESI's measurements that strongly influence its constraints, and we also discuss neutrino mass measurements in models that alter the sound horizon.

arXiv comment38+16 pages, 20 figures; matches published version

References in corpus (137)

• SciPy 1.0--Fundamental Algorithms for Scientific Computing in Python
• Array Programming with NumPy
• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters
• Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results
• The Complete Light-curve Sample of Spectroscopically Confirmed Type Ia Supernovae from Pan-STARRS1 and Cosmological Constraints from The Combined Pantheon Sample
• A Comprehensive Measurement of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant with 1 km/s/Mpc Uncertainty from the Hubble Space Telescope and the SH0ES Team
• The Cosmic Linear Anisotropy Solving System (CLASS) II: Approximation schemes
• Baryonic Features in the Matter Transfer Function
• The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Power-spectrum analysis of the final dataset and cosmological implications
• A 2.4% Determination of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant
• Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a 1% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics Beyond LambdaCDM
• The Clustering of the SDSS DR7 Main Galaxy Sample I: A 4 per cent Distance Measure at z=0.15
• The Cosmic Microwave Background Spectrum from the Full COBE/FIRAS Data Set
• Measurements of the Cosmological Parameters Omega and Lambda from the First 7 Supernovae at z >= 0.35
• The Simons Observatory: Science goals and forecasts
• The Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Cosmological Implications from two Decades of Spectroscopic Surveys at the Apache Point observatory
• The Pantheon+ Analysis: Cosmological Constraints
• The DESI Experiment Part I: Science,Targeting, and Survey Design
• The Temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background
• The fate of hints: updated global analysis of three-flavor neutrino oscillations
• Planck 2018 results. V. CMB power spectra and likelihoods
• Weak Gravitational Lensing of the CMB
• DESI 2024 VI: Cosmological Constraints from the Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
• Massive neutrinos and cosmology
• Early Dark Energy Can Resolve The Hubble Tension
• The Pantheon+ Analysis: The Full Dataset and Light-Curve Release
• Small Scale Cosmological Perturbations: An Analytic Approach
• The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program. VIII. An Independent Determination of the Hubble Constant Based on the Tip of the Red Giant Branch
• Probing Dark Energy with Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations from Future Large Galaxy Redshift Surveys
• KiDS-1000 Cosmology: Cosmic shear constraints and comparison between two point statistics
• Relic neutrino decoupling including flavour oscillations
• Planck 2018 results. VIII. Gravitational lensing
• Cosmological implications of baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements
• 2020 Global reassessment of the neutrino oscillation picture
• Measurements of the Hubble Constant: Tensions in Perspective
• Euclid. I. Overview of the Euclid mission
• Probing dark energy using baryonic oscillations in the galaxy power spectrum as a cosmological ruler
• The Cosmic Linear Anisotropy Solving System (CLASS) I: Overview
• Improving Cosmological Distance Measurements by Reconstruction of the Baryon Acoustic Peak
• Gravitational Lensing Effect on Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization
• A search for ultra-light axions using precision cosmological data
• Weighing Neutrinos with Galaxy Surveys
• A CMB Polarization Primer
• Cosmological Parameters from the BOSS Galaxy Power Spectrum
• Extended Limber Approximation
• Calibration of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB)
• Signatures of Relativistic Neutrinos in CMB Anisotropy and Matter Clustering
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Gravitational Lensing Map and Cosmological Parameters
• Early Dark Energy Does Not Restore Cosmological Concordance
• The Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: measurement of the BAO and growth rate of structure of the luminous red galaxy sample from the anisotropic correlation function between redshifts 0.6 and 1
• HMcode-2020: Improved modelling of non-linear cosmological power spectra with baryonic feedback
• CMasher: Scientific colormaps for making accessible, informative and 'cmashing' plots
• Data analysis recipes: Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo
• The Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: measurement of the BAO and growth rate of structure of the luminous red galaxy sample from the anisotropic power spectrum between redshifts 0.6 and 1.0
• Towards a precision calculation of $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ in the Standard Model II: Neutrino decoupling in the presence of flavour oscillations and finite-temperature QED
• Weighing the Giants IV: Cosmology and Neutrino Mass
• Neutrino decoupling including flavour oscillations and primordial nucleosynthesis
• emcee v3: A Python ensemble sampling toolkit for affine-invariant MCMC
• A precision calculation of relic neutrino decoupling
• Constraints on Cosmology from the Cosmic Microwave Background Power Spectrum of the 2500 ${\mathrm{deg}}^2$ SPT-SZ Survey
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the DR6 CMB Lensing Power Spectrum and its Implications for Structure Growth
• DESI and other dark energy experiments in the era of neutrino mass measurements
• Distance measures in cosmology
• Accurate halo-model matter power spectra with dark energy, massive neutrinos and modified gravitational forces
• GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EFFECT ON COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES: A POWER SPECTRUM APPROACH
• DESI 2024 IV: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest
• Constraints on the sum of the neutrino masses in dynamical dark energy models with $w(z)\ge -1$ are tighter than those obtained in $\Lambda$CDM
• Redshifting Rings of Power
• Neutrino mass from Cosmology
• Cosmic Microwave Weak lensing data as a test for the dark universe
• Determining Neutrino Mass from the CMB Alone
• CMB power spectra and cosmological parameters from Planck PR4 with CamSpec
• Towards a cosmological neutrino mass detection
• Cosmological parameters derived from the final (PR4) Planck data release
• The implications of an extended dark energy cosmology with massive neutrinos for cosmological tensions
• The BAO+BBN take on the Hubble tension
• A non-linear solution to the $S_8$ tension?
• Analytic approach to the polarization of the cosmic microwave background in flat and open universes
• Phases of New Physics in the CMB
• Using the Full Power of the Cosmic Microwave Background to Probe Axion Dark Matter
• Updated results on neutrino mass and mass hierarchy from cosmology with Planck 2018 likelihoods
• Neutrino masses and the dark energy equation of state - relaxing the cosmological neutrino mass bound
• The Damping Tail of CMB Anisotropies
• Probing neutrino masses with CMB lensing extraction
• The effect of peculiar velocities on supernova cosmology
• Updated fundamental constant constraints from Planck 2018 data and possible relations to the Hubble tension
• Cosmology with the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope -- Multi-Probe Strategies
• The Pantheon+ Analysis: Improving the Redshifts and Peculiar Velocities of Type Ia Supernovae Used in Cosmological Analyses
• Cold + Hot Dark Matter and the Cosmic Microwave Background
• Restoring cosmological concordance with early dark energy and massive neutrinos?
• Early recombination as a solution to the $H_0$ tension
• Constraining Neutrino Masses by CMB Experiments Alone
• Cosmological Information from Lensed CMB Power Spectra
• Is Modified Gravity Required by Observations? An Empirical Consistency Test of Dark Energy Models
• Physical effects involved in the measurements of neutrino masses with future cosmological data
• Evidence for suppression of structure growth in the concordance cosmological model
• Future CMB tests of dark matter: ultra-light axions and massive neutrinos
• Ultra-light axions and the $S_8$ tension: joint constraints from the cosmic microwave background and galaxy clustering
• H0 tension or T0 tension?
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: cosmological constraints from the analysis of cosmic shear in harmonic space
• Early-Universe-Physics Insensitive and Uncalibrated Cosmic Standards: Constraints on ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{m}}$ and Implications for the Hubble Tension
• Cosmological Bound on the QCD Axion Mass, Redux
• Cosmological discordances: a new measure, marginalization effects, and application to geometry vs growth current data sets
• Can redshift errors bias measurements of the Hubble Constant?
• Gravitational lensing of cosmic microwave background anisotropies and cosmological parameter estimation
• Robustness of baryon acoustic oscillation constraints for early-Universe modifications to $\Lambda$CDM
• Wandering in the Background: A CMB Explorer
• Banana Split: Testing the Dark Energy Consistency with Geometry and Growth
• Union Through UNITY: Cosmology with 2,000 SNe Using a Unified Bayesian Framework
• Unveiling dark fifth forces with linear cosmology
• New cosmological bounds on hot relics: Axions $\&$ Neutrinos
• Constraints on neutrino mass from Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure
• The DFSZ axion in the CMB
• Large Synoptic Survey Telescope: Dark Energy Science Collaboration
• Reconnaissance with JWST of the J-region Asymptotic Giant Branch in Distance Ladder Galaxies: From Irregular Luminosity Functions to Approximation of the Hubble Constant
• Cosmology with varying fundamental constants from hyperlight, coupled scalars
• Neutrino Mass from Cosmology: Probing Physics Beyond the Standard Model
• Euclid preparation. Sensitivity to neutrino parameters
• DES Y1 results: Splitting growth and geometry to test $\Lambda$CDM
• Parameter splitting in dark energy: is dark energy the same in the background and in the cosmic structures?
• WFIRST: The Essential Cosmology Space Observatory for the Coming Decade
• Accuracy of cosmological parameters using the baryon acoustic scale
• Unveiling dark forces with measurements of the Large Scale Structure of the Universe
• Fiducial-Cosmology-dependent systematics for the DESI 2024 BAO Analysis
• Status Report on the Chicago-Carnegie Hubble Program (CCHP): Measurement of the Hubble Constant Using the Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes
• Analytical expressions and numerical evaluation of the luminosity distance in a flat cosmology
• A Test of the Standard Cosmological Model with Geometry and Growth
• The QCD Axion: Some Like It Hot
• From 100 kpc to 10 Gpc: Dark Matter self-interactions before and after DESI
• Growth and Geometry Split in Light of the DES-Y3 Survey
• The Cosmological Preference for Negative Neutrino Mass
• Negative neutrino masses as a mirage of dark energy
• Living at the Edge: A Critical Look at the Cosmological Neutrino Mass Bound
• On the implications of the `cosmic calibration tension' beyond $H_0$ and the synergy between early- and late-time new physics
• Analytic auto-differentiable $\Lambda$CDM cosmography
• Investigating Late-Time Dark Energy and Massive Neutrinos in Light of DESI Y1 BAO

Cited by in corpus (32)

• DESI DR2 Results II: Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and Cosmological Constraints
• DESI 2024 VII: Cosmological Constraints from the Full-Shape Modeling of Clustering Measurements
• Neutrino cosmology after DESI: tightest mass upper limits, preference for the normal ordering, and tension with terrestrial observations
• Cosmology in Extended Parameter Space with DESI Data Release 2 Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A 2$\sigma$+ Detection of Nonzero Neutrino Masses with an Update on Dynamical Dark Energy and Lensing Anomaly
• Cosmology From CMB Lensing and Delensed EE Power Spectra Using 2019-2020 SPT-3G Polarization Data
• SPT-3G D1: CMB temperature and polarization power spectra and cosmology from 2019 and 2020 observations of the SPT-3G Main field
• Dispu$\tau$able: the high cost of a low optical depth
• Revisiting the impact of neutrino mass hierarchies on neutrino mass constraints in light of recent DESI data
• Unified and consistent structure growth measurements from joint ACT, SPT and \textit{Planck} CMB lensing
• Neutrino masses from large-scale structures: future sensitivity and theory dependence
• Neutrino mass tension or suppressed growth rate of matter perturbations?
• Large neutrino mass in cosmology and keV sterile neutrino dark matter from a dark sector
• Abundance and properties of dark radiation from the cosmic microwave background
• New Interpretations of the Cosmological Preference for a Negative Neutrino Mass
• Sound-Horizon-Agnostic Inference of the Hubble Constant and Neutrino Mass from BAO, CMB Lensing, and Galaxy Weak Lensing and Clustering
• Dark Energy in the DESI Era: A Brief Review of Evidence, Beyond-$\Lambda$CDM Interpretations, and Tensions
• Redshift-space distortion constraints on the neutrino mass and models to alleviate the Hubble tension
• Impostor Among $\nu$s: Dark Radiation Masquerading as Self-Interacting Neutrinos
• Resonant neutrino self-interactions: Insights from the full shape galaxy power spectrum
• Probing Long-Range Forces Between Neutrinos with Cosmic Structures
• Scale and redshift dependent limits on cosmic neutrino properties
• Neutrino decays as a natural explanation of the neutrino mass tension
• A halo model of extragalactic contamination to CMB lensing, delensing, and cross-correlations
• New parameter region in sterile neutrino searches: a scenario to alleviate cosmological neutrino mass bound and its testability at oscillation experiments
• Cosmological Constraints on Neutrino Masses in a Second-Order CPL Dark Energy Model
• Dark energy, spatial curvature, and star formation efficiency from JWST photometric and spectroscopic high-redshift galaxies
• Individual Neutrino Masses From a Supernova
• Neutrino mass limits and decaying dark matter: background evolution versus perturbations
• Breaking Free from the Swampland of Impossible Universes through the DESI Portal
• Slow neutrinos: non-linearity and momentum-space emulation
• Physics beyond the Standard Model with the DSA-2000
• Void probability function in the Quijote simulations