A Test of the Standard Cosmological Model with Geometry and Growth

Abstract

We perform a general test of the $\Lambda \mathrm{CDM}$ and $w\mathrm{CDM}$ cosmological models by comparing constraints on the geometry of the expansion history to those on the growth of structure. Specifically, we split the total matter energy density, ${\Omega }_M$, and (for $w\mathrm{CDM}$) dark energy equation of state, $w$, into two parameters each: one that captures the geometry, and another that captures the growth. We constrain our split models using current cosmological data, including type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, gravitational lensing, and cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies. We focus on two tasks: (i) constraining deviations from the standard model, captured by the parameters $\Delta {\Omega }_M\equiv {\Omega }_M^{\mathrm{grow}}-{\Omega }_M^{\mathrm{geom}}$ and $\Delta w\equiv w^{\mathrm{grow}}-w^{\mathrm{geom}}$, and (ii) investigating whether the $S_8$ tension between the CMB and weak lensing can be translated into a tension between geometry and growth, i.e. $\Delta {\Omega }_M\ne 0$, $\Delta w\ne 0$. In both the split $\Lambda \mathrm{CDM}$ and $w\mathrm{CDM}$ cases, our results from combining all data are consistent with $\Delta {\Omega }_M=0$ and $\Delta w=0$. If we omit BAO/RSD data and constrain the split $w\mathrm{CDM}$ cosmology, we find the data prefers $\Delta w<0$ at $3.6\sigma$ significance and $\Delta {\Omega }_M>0$ at $4.2\sigma$ evidence. We also find that for both CMB and weak lensing, $\Delta {\Omega }_M$ and $S_8$ are correlated, with CMB showing a slightly stronger correlation. The general broadening of the contours in our extended model does alleviate the $S_8$ tension, but the allowed nonzero values of $\Delta {\Omega }_M$ do not encompass the $S_8$ values that would point toward a mismatch between geometry and growth as the origin of the tension.

arXiv comment27 pages, 10 figures. References updated; matches version published in JCAP

References in corpus (36)

• The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: cosmological analysis of the DR12 galaxy sample
• The Complete Light-curve Sample of Spectroscopically Confirmed Type Ia Supernovae from Pan-STARRS1 and Cosmological Constraints from The Combined Pantheon Sample
• The Cosmic Linear Anisotropy Solving System (CLASS) II: Approximation schemes
• Dark Energy and the Accelerating Universe
• The Clustering of the SDSS DR7 Main Galaxy Sample I: A 4 per cent Distance Measure at z=0.15
• The Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Cosmological Implications from two Decades of Spectroscopic Surveys at the Apache Point observatory
• Observational Probes of Cosmic Acceleration
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing
• Planck 2018 results. V. CMB power spectra and likelihoods
• Conservative Constraints on Early Cosmology: an illustration of the Monte Python cosmological parameter inference code
• KiDS-1000 Cosmology: Cosmic shear constraints and comparison between two point statistics
• Cosmic Growth History and Expansion History
• Planck 2018 results. VIII. Gravitational lensing
• The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR4 Maps and Cosmological Parameters
• The Expansion of the Universe is Faster than Expected
• Prospects for probing the dark energy via supernova distance measurements
• Cosmology Intertwined III: $f{\sigma }_8$ and $S_8$
• Dark energy two decades after: Observables, probes, consistency tests
• The fourth data release of the Kilo-Degree Survey: ugri imaging and nine-band optical-IR photometry over 1000 square degrees
• B-modes in cosmic shear from source redshift clustering
• Probing Cosmic Acceleration Beyond the Equation of State: Distinguishing between Dark Energy and Modified Gravity Models
• Separating Dark Physics from Physical Darkness: Minimalist Modified Gravity vs. Dark Energy
• On the Growth of Perturbations as a Test of Dark Energy
• KiDS-1000 catalogue: Weak gravitational lensing shear measurements
• Two Windows on Acceleration and Gravitation: Dark Energy or New Gravity?
• Is Modified Gravity Required by Observations? An Empirical Consistency Test of Dark Energy Models
• Reconstructing Gravity on Cosmological Scales
• Falsifying Paradigms for Cosmic Acceleration
• Banana Split: Testing the Dark Energy Consistency with Geometry and Growth
• Testing dark energy paradigms with weak gravitational lensing
• Testable dark energy predictions from current data
• DES Y1 results: Splitting growth and geometry to test $\Lambda$CDM
• Parameter splitting in dark energy: is dark energy the same in the background and in the cosmic structures?
• Testing cosmological models and understanding cosmological parameter determinations with metaparameters
• Geometry and growth contributions to cosmic shear observables
• Model-Independent Predictions for Smooth Cosmic Acceleration Scenarios

Cited by in corpus (10)

• Evidence for suppression of structure growth in the concordance cosmological model
• Massive neutrinos and cosmic composition
• Neural Network Reconstruction of Late-Time Cosmology and Null Tests
• Modified Gravity Constraints from the Full Shape Modeling of Clustering Measurements from DESI 2024
• Growth of Cosmic Structure
• Measuring dark energy with expansion and growth
• One-parameter dynamical dark-energy from the generalized Chaplygin gas
• Exploring Modified Gravity: Constraints on the $\mu$ and $\Sigma$ Parametrization with WMAP, ACT, and SPT
• Growth and Geometry Split in Light of the DES-Y3 Survey
• Towards a Composite Framework for Simultaneous Exploration of New Physics in Background and Perturbed Universe