HL Tau disk in HCO+ (3-2) and (1-0) with ALMA: gas density, temperature, gap, and one-arm spiral
arXiv:1906.05535 · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab29f8
Abstract
We present our observational results of the 1.1 mm continuum and the HCO+ (3-2) line in HL Tau at angular resolutions of 0.1" obtained with ALMA and our data analysis of the 2.9 mm and 1.1 mm continuum and the HCO+ (3-2) and (1-0) lines of the HL Tau disk. The Keplerian rotation of the HL Tau disk is well resolved in the HCO+ (3-2) emission, and the stellar mass is estimated to be 2.1+/-0.2 Msun with a disk inclination angle of 47 deg. The radial profiles of the HCO+ column density and excitation temperature are measured with the LTE analysis of the two transitions of the HCO+ emission. An HCO+ gas gap at a radius of 30 au, where the column density drops by a factor of 4-8, is found in the HCO+ column density profile, coincident with the dust gap traced by the continuum emission. No other clear HCO+ gas gap is seen. This HCO+ gas gap can be opened by a planet with mass of 0.5-0.8 Mj, which is comparable to the planet mass adopted in numerical simulations to form the dust gap at the same radius in the HL Tau disk. In addition to the disk component, a one-arm spiral with a length of ~3" (520 au) stretching out from the inner disk is observed in the HCO+ (3-2) emission. The observed velocity structures along the spiral suggest an infalling and rotating gas stream toward the inner disk.
Accepted by ApJ
References in corpus (23)
- The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP): I. Motivation, Sample, Calibration, and Overview
- Protoplanetary Disk Structures in Ophiuchus
- The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP): VII. The Planet-Disk Interactions Interpretation
- Evidence of fast pebble growth near condensation fronts in the HL Tau protoplanetary disk
- Mass Estimates of a Giant Planet in a Protoplanetary Disk from the Gap Structures
- Formation of a Keplerian disk in the infalling envelope around L1527 IRS: transformation from infalling motions to Kepler motions
- Physical properties of dusty protoplanetary disks in Lupus: evidence for viscous evolution?
- Reprocessing of Ices in Turbulent Protoplanetary Disks: Carbon and Nitrogen Chemistry
- Decoupling of Magnetic Fields in Collapsing Protostellar Envelopes and Disk Formation and Fragmentation
- Spitzer IRS Spectra and Envelope Models of Class I Protostars in Taurus
- ALMA Observations of Infalling Flows toward the Keplerian Disk around the Class I Protostar L1489 IRS
- Exclusion of Cosmic Rays in Protoplanetary Disks. II. Chemical Gradients and Observational Signatures
- Chemistry and line emission from evolving Herbig Ae disks
- The effect of a planet on the dust distribution in a 3D protoplanetary disk
- Stacking Spectra in Protoplanetary Disks: Detecting Intensity Profiles from Hidden Molecular Lines in HD 163296
- DCO, DCN and ND reveal three different deuteration regimes in the disk around the Herbig Ae star HD163296
- Analytical Formulas of Molecular Ion Abundances and N2H+ Ring in Protoplanetary Disks
- On the Role of Pseudodisk Warping and Reconnection in Protostellar Disk Formation in Turbulent Magnetized Cores
- Molecular line emission from a protoplanetary disk irradiated externally by a nearby massive star
- Non-linear Development of Secular Gravitational Instability in Protoplanetary Disks
- 1000 AU Exterior Arcs Connected to the Protoplanetary Disk around HL Tau
- Signs of outflow feedback from a nearby young stellar object on the protostellar envelope around HL Tau
- On the Origin of Banded Structure in Dusty Protoplanetary Discs: HL Tau and TW Hya
Cited by in corpus (43)
- Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). I. Overview of the Program and First Results
- ALMA chemical survey of disk-outflow sources in Taurus (ALMA-DOT) VI: Accretion shocks in the disk of DG Tau and HL Tau
- PRODIGE -- Envelope to disk with NOEMA I. A 3000 au streamer feeding a Class I protostar
- Anisotropic Infall and Substructure formation in Embedded Disks
- 13C17O suggests gravitational instability in the HL Tau disc
- Reflections on nebulae around young stars: A systematic search for late-stage infall of material onto Class II disks
- ALMA chemical survey of disk-outflow sources in Taurus (ALMA-DOT) V: Sample, overview, and demography of disk molecular emission
- Accretion Flows or Outflow Cavities? Uncovering the Gas Dynamics around Lupus 3-MMS
- Large-scale CO spiral arms and complex kinematics associated with the T Tauri star RU Lup
- An ALMA Survey of Protoplanetary Disks in Lynds 1641
- Irregular dust features around intermediate-mass young stars with GPI: signs of youth or misaligned disks?
- The two hot corinos of the SVS13-A protostellar binary system: counterposed siblings
- Gravitoviscous protoplanetary disks with a dust component. II. Spatial distribution and growth of dust in a clumpy disk
- Flow of gas detected from beyond the filaments to protostellar scales in Barnard 5
- Crescent-Shaped Molecular Outflow from the Intermediate-mass Protostar DK Cha Revealed by ALMA
- Molecular Mapping of DR Tau's Protoplanetary Disk, Envelope, Outflow, and Large-Scale Spiral Arm
- Signs of late infall and possible planet formation around DR Tau using VLT/SPHERE and LBTI/LMIRCam
- Resolved ALMA observations of water in the inner astronomical units of the HL Tau disk
- An inflationary disk phase to explain extended protoplanetary dust disks
- TRAO Survey of the nearby filamentary molecular clouds, the universal nursery of stars (TRAO FUNS). II. Filaments and Dense cores in IC 5146
- Constraints on the (re-)orientation of star-disk systems through infall
- Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk) V: Possible Annular Substructure in a Circumstellar Disk in the Ced110 IRS4 System
- Gravitoviscous Protoplanetary Discs with a Dust Component. IV. Disc Outer Edges, Spectral Indices, and Opacity Gaps
- Thermal Emission and Scattering by Aligned Grains: Plane-Parallel Model and Application to Multiwavelength Polarization of the HL Tau Disk
- Anatomy of the Class I protostar L1489 IRS with NOEMA -- I. Disk, streamers, outflow(s) and bubbles at 3mm
- Origin and Evolution of Angular Momentum of Class II Disks
- Infall and Disk Processes - the Message from Meteorites
- ALMA chemical survey of disk-outflow sources in Taurus (ALMA-DOT) VII: the layered molecular outflow from HL Tau and its relationship with the ringed disk
- Evidence of Grain Alignment by Magnetically Enhanced Radiative Torques from Multiwavelength Dust Polarization Modeling of HL Tau
- Formation of free-floating planetary mass objects via circumstellar disk encounters
- ANTIHEROES-PRODIGE: Quantifying the connection from envelope to disk with the IRAM 30m telescope and NOEMA I. Attack of the streamers: L1448N's fight for order in the chaos
- Resolved Gas Temperatures and 12C/13C ratios in SVS13A from ALMA Observations of CH3CN and CH3-13-CN
- Anatomy of the Class I protostar L1489 IRS with NOEMA - II. A disk replenished by a massive streamer
- Planet-forming disks and their environment across regions and time from the full NIR census
- ALMA Survey of Orion Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (ALMASOP): A forming quadruple system with continuum `ribbons' and intricate outflows
- Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) XIX. Spiral Arms, a Tail, and Diffuse Structures Traced by CO around the GM Aur Disk
- Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales. XX. The Massive Disk Around GM Aurigae
- Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). XX. Constraining the Chemical Tracers of Young Protostellar Sources
- Zooming into the water snowline: high resolution water observations of the HL Tau disk
- Semi-analytic calculations for extended mid-Infrared emission associated with FU Ori-type objects
- Misaligned Circumstellar Disks and Orbital Motion of the Young Binary XZ Tau
- A Streamer Driving Misalignment in the Circumtriple Disk of GW Ori
- Hunting for methanol in the water rich, planet forming disk around HL Tau