PRIMUS: The dependence of AGN accretion on host stellar mass and color

Abstract

We present evidence that the incidence of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and the distribution of their accretion rates do not depend on the stellar masses of their host galaxies, contrary to previous studies. We use hard (2-10 keV) X-ray data from three extragalactic fields (XMM-LSS, COSMOS and ELAIS-S1) with redshifts from the Prism Multi-object Survey to identify 242 AGNs with L_{2-10 keV}=10^{42-44} erg /s within a parent sample of ~25,000 galaxies at 0.2<z<1.0 over ~3.4 deg^2 and to i~23. We find that although the fraction of galaxies hosting an AGN at fixed X-ray luminosity rises strongly with stellar mass, the distribution of X-ray luminosities is independent of mass. Furthermore, we show that the probability that a galaxy will host an AGN can be defined by a universal Eddington ratio distribution that is independent of the host galaxy stellar mass and has a power-law shape with slope -0.65. These results demonstrate that AGNs are prevalent at all stellar masses in the range 9.5<log M_*/M_sun<12 and that the same physical processes regulate AGN activity in all galaxies in this stellar mass range. While a higher AGN fraction may be observed in massive galaxies, this is a selection effect related to the underlying Eddington ratio distribution. We also find that the AGN fraction drops rapidly between z~1 and the present day and is moderately enhanced (factor~2) in galaxies with blue or green optical colors. Consequently, while AGN activity and star formation appear to be globally correlated, we do not find evidence that the presence of an AGN is related to the quenching of star formation or the color transformation of galaxies.

arXiv comment26 pages, 12 figures, emulateapj format, accepted for publication in ApJ

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• The role of environment in low-level active galactic nucleus activity: no evidence for cluster enhancement
• A Novel Method to Identify AGNs Based on Emission Line Excess and the Nature of Low-luminosity AGNs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: I - A Novel Method
• On the Evolution of High-Redshift Active Galactic Nuclei
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Using concentrated star-formation and stellar population ages to understand environmental quenching
• X-ray AGN in Boötes: The lack of growth of the most massive black holes since z=4
• Disentangling the AGN and Star-Formation Contributions to the Radio-X-ray Emission of Radio-Loud Quasars at 1<z<2
• eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): eFEDS X-ray view of WERGS Radio Galaxies selected by the Subaru/HSC and VLA/FIRST survey
• Cosmic evolution of the incidence of Active Galactic Nuclei in massive clusters: Simulations versus observations
• Sub-Eddington super-massive black hole activity in Fornax early type galaxies
• An Eddington ratio-driven origin for the ${\mathrm{L}}_{\mathrm{X}}-{\mathrm{M}}_{\ast }$ relation in quiescent and star forming active galaxies
• X-ray properties of K-selected galaxies at 0.5<z<2.0: Investigating trends with stellar mass, redshift and spectral type
• The Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS). XII. Spatially Resolved Galaxy Star Formation Histories and True Evolutionary Paths at z > 1
• Revealing the differences in the SMBH accretion rate distributions of starburst and non-starburst galaxies
• Direct effects of the environment on AGN triggering in SDSS spiral galaxies: merger-AGN connection
• The ASTRID Simulation at z=0: From Massive Black Holes to Large-scale Structure
• Dying of the Light: An X-ray Fading Cold Quasar at z ~ 0.405
• Effect of Bars on Evolution of SDSS Spiral Galaxies
• PRIMUS: The Effect of Physical Scale on the Luminosity-Dependence of Galaxy Clustering via Cross-Correlations
• MAMBO -- An empirical galaxy and AGN mock catalogue for the exploitation of future surveys
• Nuclear X-ray Activity in Low-Surface-Brightness Galaxies: Prospects for Constraining the Local Black Hole Occupation Fraction with a Chandra Successor Mission
• The Mass Distribution of Quasars in Optical Time-domain Surveys
• Evolution of black hole and galaxy growth in a semi-numerical galaxy formation model
• The Growth Rate of Supermassive Black Holes and Its Dependence on the Stellar Mass of Galaxies at the Present Epoch
• Evidence for Non-smooth Quenching in Massive Galaxies at $z\sim 1$
• The Shape of the Cosmic X-ray Background: Nuclear Starburst Discs and the Redshift Evolution of AGN Obscuration
• AGN lifetimes in UV-selected galaxies: a clue to supermassive black hole-host galaxy coevolution
• Black hole-galaxy co-evolution and the role of feedback
• A post-merger enhancement only in star-forming Type 2 Seyfert galaxies: the deep learning view
• The global energetics of radio AGN kinetic feedback in the local universe
• Spectroscopic characterization of the protocluster of galaxies around 7C 1756+6520 at z ~ 1.4
• Active Galactic Nuclei in the Green Valley at z$\sim$0.7
• The impact of AGN X-ray selection on the AGN halo occupation distribution
• Investigation of Stellar Kinematics and Ionized gas Outflows in Local (U)LIRGs
• Reconciling PTA and JWST and preparing for LISA with POMPOCO: a Parametrisation Of the Massive black hole POpulation for Comparison to Observations
• A Galaxy-Halo Model for Multiple Cosmological Tracers
• pop-cosmos: Insights from generative modeling of a deep, infrared-selected galaxy population
• Impact of supermassive black hole growth on star formation
• The incidence of X-ray AGN and non-AGN galaxies in the far-infrared: insights into host galaxy properties and AGN obscuration
• Cosmic X-ray surveys of Active Galactic Nuclei: synergy between X-ray and infrared observations
• Disentangling AGN and Star Formation Activity at High Redshift Using Hubble Space Telescope Grism Spectroscopy
• A study of 1000 galaxies with unusually young and massive stars in the SDSS: a search for hidden black holes
• The major merger-active galactic nucleus connection up to the cosmic noon
• The Eddington Ratio Distribution of Narrow Line Active Galactic Nuclei
• What halts the growth of galaxies?
• Investigating the residuals in the $M_{\bullet }-M_{\ast }$ relation using the SIMBA cosmological simulation
• Large-scale environments of star-forming active galactic nuclei: How black hole mass, accretion rate, and luminosity connect to dark matter halos
• Obscured and unobscured X-ray AGNs I: Host galaxy properties
• The Drivers of the Decline in Supermassive Black Hole Growth at $z<2$
• AGILE: an end-to-end Rubin-LSST simulation of AGNs, galaxies, and stars I. Software description and first data release
• Enhanced activity in close dual-AGN systems in the local Universe
• On the quenching of star formation in observed and simulated central galaxies: Evidence for the role of integrated AGN feedback
• The black hole population in low-mass galaxies in large-scale cosmological simulations
• Fueling, Evolution, and Diversity of AGN in Dwarf Galaxies: Insights from Star Formation and Black Hole Scaling Relations
• Massive black holes and their galaxies