Investigating the residuals in the $M_{\bullet }-M_{\ast }$ relation using the SIMBA cosmological simulation

Abstract

We study the scaling relation between the black hole and stellar mass ($M_{\bullet }-M_{\ast }$), diagnosing the residual $\Delta \log (M_{\bullet }/M_{\odot })$ ($\Delta$) in this relation to understand the coevolution of the galaxy and black hole (BH) in the cosmological hydrodynamic simulation SIMBA. We showed that SIMBA can reproduce the observed $M_{\bullet }-M_{\ast }$ relation well with little difference between central and satellite galaxies. By using the median value to determine the residuals, we found that the residual is correlated with galaxy cold gas content, star formation rate, colour and black hole accretion properties. Both torque and Bondi models implemented in SIMBA, contribute to this residual, with torque accretion playing a major role at high redshift and low-mass galaxies, while Bondi (also BH merge) takes over at low redshift and massive galaxies. By dividing the sample into two populations: $\Delta >0$ and $\Delta <0$, we compared their evolution paths following the main progenitors. With evolution tracking, we proposed a simple picture for the BH-galaxy coevolution: Early-formed galaxies seeded black holes earlier, with stellar mass increasing rapidly to quickly reach the point of triggering `jet mode' feedback. This process reduced the cold gas content and stopped the growth of $M_{\ast }$, effectively quenching galaxies. Meanwhile, during the initial phase of torque accretion growth, the BH mass is comparable between galaxies formed early and those formed later. However, those galaxies that formed earlier appear to attain a marginally greater BH mass when shifting to Bondi accretion, aligning with the galaxy transition time. As the early-formed galaxies reach this point earlier -- leaving a longer time for them to have Bondi accretion as well as merging, their residuals become positive, i.e., having more massive BHs at $z=0$ compared to these late-formed galaxies at the same $M_{\ast }$. This picture is further supported by the strong positive correlation between the residuals and the galaxy age, which we are proposing as a verification with observation data on this story suggested by SIMBA.

13 pages, 8 figures, accepted by A&A

References in corpus (99)

• Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters
• The Global Schmidt Law in Star Forming Galaxies
• Coevolution (Or Not) of Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• The Demography of Massive Dark Objects in Galaxy Centres
• The EAGLE project: Simulating the evolution and assembly of galaxies and their environments
• Energy input from quasars regulates the growth and activity of black holes and their host galaxies
• Introducing the Illustris Project: Simulating the coevolution of dark and visible matter in the Universe
• Simulating Galaxy Formation with the IllustrisTNG Model
• The Star Formation Law in Nearby Galaxies on Sub-Kpc Scales
• On the Black Hole Mass - Bulge Mass Relation
• The M-sigma and M-L Relations in Galactic Bulges and Determinations of their Intrinsic Scatter
• The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation: calibration of subgrid physics and model variations
• Revisiting the Scaling Relations of Black Hole Masses and Host Galaxy Properties
• Simulating galaxy formation with black hole driven thermal and kinetic feedback
• The Co-Evolution of Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes: Insights from Surveys of the Contemporary Universe
• A Multi-Code Analysis Toolkit for Astrophysical Simulation Data
• GIZMO: A New Class of Accurate, Mesh-Free Hydrodynamic Simulation Methods
• Simba: Cosmological Simulations with Black Hole Growth and Feedback
• An 800-million-solar-mass black hole in a significantly neutral Universe at redshift 7.5
• Relations Between Central Black Hole Mass and Total Galaxy Stellar Mass in the Local Universe
• Intermediate-Mass Black Holes
• The Relationship Between Gas Content and Star Formation in Molecule-Rich Spiral Galaxies
• Star Formation in NGC 5194 (M51a). II. The Spatially-Resolved Star Formation Law
• On the black hole - bulge mass relation in active and inactive galaxies
• The Illustris Simulation: Public Data Release
• On the evolution of the HI column density distribution in cosmological simulations
• The Horizon-AGN simulation: morphological diversity of galaxies promoted by AGN feedback
• The M(BH)-Sigma Relation for Supermassive Black Holes
• A Luminous Quasar at Redshift 7.642
• NIHAO project I: Reproducing the inefficiency of galaxy formation across cosmic time with a large sample of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations
• A CEERS Discovery of an Accreting Supermassive Black Hole 570 Myr after the Big Bang: Identifying a Progenitor of Massive z > 6 Quasars
• JADES. The diverse population of infant Black Holes at 4<z<11: merging, tiny, poor, but mighty
• MUFASA: Galaxy Formation Simulations With Meshless Hydrodynamics
• PRIMUS: The dependence of AGN accretion on host stellar mass and color
• A Comparison of Methods for Determining the Molecular Content of Model Galaxies
• The dark nemesis of galaxy formation: why hot haloes trigger black hole growth and bring star formation to an end
• GA-NIFS: A massive black hole in a low-metallicity AGN at $z\sim 5.55$ revealed by JWST/NIRSpec IFS
• An Analytic Model of Angular Momentum Transport by Gravitational Torques: From Galaxies to Massive Black Holes
• The origins of massive black holes
• Gravitational torque-driven black hole growth and feedback in cosmological simulations
• Cold gas stripping in satellite galaxies: from pairs to clusters
• The Three Hundred project: a large catalogue of theoretically modelled galaxy clusters for cosmological and astrophysical applications
• A New Sample of (Wandering) Massive Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies from High Resolution Radio Observations
• The Dawes Review 9: The role of cold gas stripping on the star formation quenching of satellite galaxies
• Gas expulsion by quasar-driven winds as a solution to the over-cooling problem in galaxy groups and clusters
• The relationship between black hole mass and galaxy properties: Examining the black hole feedback model in IllustrisTNG
• JWST CEERS & JADES Active Galaxies at z = 4-7 Violate the Local $M_{\bullet }-M_{\star }$ Relation at $>3\sigma$: Implications for Low-Mass Black Holes and Seeding Models
• The suppression of star formation by powerful active galactic nuclei
• The Spitzer/IRAC view of black hole - bulge scaling relations
• Intermediate-mass black holes in dwarf galaxies out to redshift $\sim$ 2.4 in the Chandra COSMOS Legacy Survey
• The mass relations between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies at 1<z<2 with HST-WFC3
• A correlation between star formation rate and average black hole accretion in star forming galaxies
• Rapid growth of seed black holes in the early universe by supra-exponential accretion
• Supermassive black holes in cosmological simulations I: M_BH-M_star relation and black hole mass function
• Quenched fractions in the IllustrisTNG simulations: comparison with observations and other theoretical models
• Fundamental Planes, and the "barless" M-sigma relation, for supermassive black holes
• Cosmic evolution of stellar quenching by AGN feedback: clues from the Horizon-AGN simulation
• How do central and satellite galaxies quench? -- Insights from spatially resolved spectroscopy in the MaNGA survey
• Breaking the law: the M_{bh}-M_{spheroid} mass relations for core-Sersic and Sersic galaxies
• Secular evolution and a non-evolving black hole to galaxy mass ratio in the last 7 Gyr
• X-rays across the galaxy population - III. The incidence of AGN as a function of star formation rate
• On the evolution of the intrinsic scatter in black hole versus galaxy mass relations
• Black Hole-Galaxy Correlations without Self-Regulation
• The stellar accretion origin of stellar population gradients in massive galaxies at large radii
• Black Hole Mass Scaling Relations for Spiral Galaxies. I. $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{sph}}$
• Quiescence correlates strongly with directly-measured black hole mass in central galaxies
• AGN host galaxy mass function in COSMOS: is AGN feedback responsible for the mass-quenching of galaxies?
• CEERS Key Paper VI: JWST/MIRI Uncovers a Large Population of Obscured AGN at High Redshifts
• X-ray Detected AGN in SDSS Dwarf Galaxies
• The M_BH - M_star relation for X-ray obscured, red QSOs at 1.2< z <2.6
• The Origin of the Intrinsic Scatter in the Relation Between Black Hole Mass and Bulge Luminosity for Nearby Active Galaxies
• Torque-Limited Growth of Massive Black Holes in Galaxies Across Cosmic Time
• The rapid growth phase of supermassive black holes
• Black Hole Mass Scaling Relations for Spiral Galaxies. II. $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{tot}}$ and $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{disk}}$
• AGN-Driven Outflows in Dwarf Galaxies
• Evolution in the Black Hole - Galaxy Scaling Relations and the Duty Cycle of Nuclear Activity in Star-Forming Galaxies
• \textsc{The Three Hundred} project: The \textsc{Gizmo-Simba} run
• Formation of the first stars and black holes
• Black-hole-regulated star formation in massive galaxies
• Co-evolution of massive black holes and their host galaxies at high redshift: discrepancies from six cosmological simulations and the key role of JWST
• Evolutionary Paths of Active Galactic Nuclei and Their Host Galaxies
• Exploring the limits of AGN feedback: black holes and the star formation histories of low-mass galaxies
• MaNGA AGN dwarf galaxies (MAD) -- I. A new sample of AGN in dwarf galaxies with spatially resolved spectroscopy
• WALLABY Pilot Survey: the diversity of ram pressure stripping of the galactic HI gas in the Hydra Cluster
• Black hole mass estimation for Active Galactic Nuclei from a new angle
• Appreciating mergers for understanding the non-linear $M_{\mathrm{bh}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{spheroid}}$ and $M_{\mathrm{bh}}$-$M_{\ast ,\mathrm{galaxy}}$ relations, updated herein, and the implications for the (reduced) role of AGN feedback
• Correlations Between Black Holes and Host Galaxies in the Illustris and IllustrisTNG Simulations
• A universal relation between the properties of supermassive black holes, galaxies, and dark matter halos
• The coevolution of supermassive black holes and galaxies in luminous AGN over a wide range of redshift
• NIHAO XXII: Introducing black hole formation, accretion and feedback into the NIHAO simulation suite
• The extended radio jet of an off-nuclear low-mass AGN in NGC 5252
• Supercritical growth pathway to overmassive black holes at cosmic dawn: coevolution with massive quasar hosts
• Effects of Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback on Cold Gas Depletion and Quenching of Central Galaxies
• WALLABY Pre-Pilot Survey: The effects of tidal interaction on radial distribution of color in galaxies of the Eridanus supergroup
• Supermassive black hole fueling in IllustrisTNG: Impact of environment
• The impact of black hole seeding in cosmological simulations
• Cold Gas in Massive Galaxies as A Critical Test of Black Hole Feedback Models
• Disparate Effects of Circumgalactic Medium Angular Momentum in IllustrisTNG and SIMBA
• Growth and Feedback from the First Black Holes

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Black Hole-Galaxy Correlations in Cluster Zoomed-in Simulations: GIZMO-SIMBA and TNG-Cluster