An AGN with an ionized gas outflow in a massive quiescent galaxy in a protocluster at $\mathbf{z}=3.09$

Abstract

We report the detection of an ionized gas outflow from an $X$-ray active galactic nucleus (AGN) hosted in a massive quiescent galaxy in a protocluster at $z=3.09$ (J221737.29+001823.4). It is a type-2 QSO with broad ($W_{80}>1000$ km s${}^{-1}$) and strong ($\log (L_{[\mathrm{OIII}]}$ / erg s${}^{-1})\approx 43.4$) [O {\footnotesize III}]$\lambda \lambda$4959,5007 emission lines detected by slit spectroscopy in three-position angles using Multi-Object Infra-Red Camera and Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru telescope and the Multi-Object Spectrometer For Infra-Red Exploration (MOSFIRE) on the Keck-I telescope. In the all slit directions, [O {\footnotesize III}] emission is extended to $\sim 15$ physical kpc and indicates a powerful outflow spreading over the host galaxy. The inferred ionized gas mass outflow rate is $22\pm 3{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }\mathrm{y}{\mathrm{r}}^{-1}$. Although it is a radio source, according to the line diagnostics using H$\beta$, [O {\footnotesize II}], and [O {\footnotesize III}], photoionization by the central QSO is likely the dominant ionization mechanism rather than shocks caused by radio jets. On the other hand, the spectral energy distribution of the host galaxy is well characterized as a quiescent galaxy that has shut down star formation by several hundred Myr ago. Our results suggest a scenario that QSOs are powered after the shut-down of the star formation and help to complete the quenching of massive quiescent galaxies at high redshift.

arXiv comment18 pages 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

References in corpus (109)

• emcee: The MCMC Hammer
• Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
• Galactic Stellar and Substellar Initial Mass Function
• The Dust Content and Opacity of Actively Star-Forming Galaxies
• A Fundamental Relation Between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies
• Coevolution (Or Not) of Supermassive Black Holes and Host Galaxies
• The Demography of Massive Dark Objects in Galaxy Centres
• The Origin of the Mass--Metallicity Relation: Insights from 53,000 Star-Forming Galaxies in the SDSS
• The physical properties of star forming galaxies in the low redshift universe
• Star Formation in the Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies
• Observational Evidence of AGN Feedback
• The Host Galaxies and Classification of Active Galactic Nuclei
• A Unified, Merger-Driven Model for the Origin of Starbursts, Quasars, the Cosmic X-Ray Background, Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxy Spheroids
• Local Supermassive Black Holes, Relics of Active Galactic Nuclei and the X-ray Background
• The Environmental Dependence of the Relations between Stellar Mass, Structure, Star Formation and Nuclear Activity in Galaxies
• Simulating galaxy formation with black hole driven thermal and kinetic feedback
• The MAPPINGS III Library of Fast Radiative Shock Models
• The host galaxies of radio-loud AGN: mass dependencies, gas cooling and AGN feedback
• Observational evidence for AGN feedback in early-type galaxies
• On the fundamental dichotomy in the local radio-AGN population: accretion, evolution, and host galaxy properties
• AGN wind scaling relations and the co-evolution of black holes and galaxies
• A Large Structure of Galaxies At Redshift z~3 and its Cosmological Implications
• Revisiting the Infrared Spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei with a New Torus Emission Model
• High-resolution Millimeter Imaging of Submillimeter Galaxies
• An interferometric CO survey of luminous submm galaxies
• Kiloparsec-scale outflows are prevalent among luminous AGN: outflows and feedback in the context of the overall AGN population
• A Close Look at Star Formation around Active Galactic Nuclei
• Statistical Properties of Collisionless Equal- and Unequal-Mass Merger Remnants of Disk Galaxies
• The X-ray Properties of the Most-Luminous Quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• A Two-Parameter Model for the Infrared/Submillimeter/Radio Spectral Energy Distributions of Galaxies and AGN
• The VLA-COSMOS 3 GHz Large Project: Continuum data and source catalog release
• Radiative feedback from massive black holes in elliptical galaxies. AGN flaring and central starburst fueled by recycled gas
• Quasar feedback and the origin of radio emission in radio-quiet quasars
• Galaxy mergers with various mass ratios: properties of remnants
• Observations of Feedback from Radio-Quiet Quasars - II. Kinematics of Ionized Gas Nebulae
• The Chandra COSMOS Legacy survey: optical/IR identifications
• The Multiphase Structure and Power Sources of Galactic Winds in Major Mergers
• The MOSDEF Survey: Electron Density and Ionization Parameter at $z\sim 2.3$
• A Subaru Search for Ly-alpha Blobs in and around the Proto-cluster Region at Redshift z=3.1
• Feast and Famine: Regulation of Black Hole Growth in Low Redshift Galaxies
• PRIMUS: The dependence of AGN accretion on host stellar mass and color
• On the Origin of [OII] Emission in Red Sequence and Post-starburst Galaxies
• Sub-millimeter galaxies as progenitors of compact quiescent galaxies
• Integral Field Spectroscopy of Massive, Kiloparsec-Scale Outflows in the Infrared-Luminous QSO Mrk 231
• Dusty, Radiation Pressure Dominated Photoionization. I. Model Description, Structure And Grids
• The Mean Star Formation Rate of X-ray selected Active Galaxies and its Evolution from z=2.5: Results from PEP-Herschel
• Extreme gas kinematics in the z=2.2 powerful radio galaxy MRC1138-262: Evidence for efficient AGN feedback in the early Universe?
• X-CIGALE: fitting AGN/galaxy SEDs from X-ray to infrared
• The far-infrared/radio correlation as probed by Herschel
• Ionised outflows in z $\sim$ 2.4 quasar host galaxies
• Cold Molecular Outflows in the Local Universe
• Near infrared spectroscopy and star-formation histories of 3<z<4 quiescent galaxies
• A Classic Type 2 QSO
• Timing the starburst-AGN connection
• Feedback from central black holes in elliptical galaxies. III: models with both radiative and mechanical feedback
• Relativistic jet feedback in high-redshift galaxies I: Dynamics
• Evidence for Wide-Spread AGN Driven Outflows in the Most Massive z~1-2 Star Forming Galaxies
• Enhanced star formation rates in AGN hosts with respect to inactive galaxies from PEP-Herschel observations
• Quiescent galaxies 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang and their progenitors
• VLA-COSMOS 3GHz Large Project: The infrared-radio correlation of star-forming galaxies and AGN to $z\lesssim 6$
• Radio Loud and Radio Quiet Active Galactic Nuclei
• The Far-Infrared--Radio Correlation at High Redshifts: Physical Considerations and Prospects for the Square Kilometer Array
• Prevalence of radio jets associated with galactic outflows and feedback from quasars
• Gas filaments of the cosmic web located around active galaxies in a proto-cluster
• The KMOS AGN Survey at High redshift (KASHz): the prevalence and drivers of ionised outflows in the host galaxies of X-ray AGN
• Quenched fractions in the IllustrisTNG simulations: comparison with observations and other theoretical models
• Quiescent Galaxies in the 3D-HST Survey: Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Large Number of Galaxies with Relatively Old Stellar Populations at z~2
• The Colour-Magnitude Relation as a Constraint on the Formation of Rich Cluster Galaxies
• The Nature of Double-Peaked [O III] Active Galactic Nuclei
• An ALMA survey of submillimetre galaxies in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South: Spectroscopic redshifts
• ALMA Deep Field in SSA22: A concentration of dusty starbursts in a z=3.09 protocluster core
• Measuring the Physical Conditions in High-Redshift Star-Forming Galaxies: Insights from KBSS-MOSFIRE
• The Chandra Deep Protocluster Survey: Ly-alpha Blobs are powered by heating, not cooling
• ALMA and Herschel reveal that X-ray selected AGN and main-sequence galaxies have different star formation rate distributions
• SUPER-II: Spatially resolved ionized gas kinematics and scaling relations in z~2 AGN host galaxies
• Exploring the infrared/radio correlation at high redshift
• Zooming in on major mergers: dense, starbursting gas in cosmological simulations
• The Chandra Deep Protocluster Survey: Evidence for an Enhancement in the AGN Activity in the SSA22 Protocluster at z = 3.09
• The Massive Ancient Galaxies At $z>3$ NEar-infrared (MAGAZ3NE) Survey: Confirmation of Extremely Rapid Star-Formation and Quenching Timescales for Massive Galaxies in the Early Universe
• Decreased Specific Star Formation Rates in AGN Host Galaxies
• X-ray spectral analyses of AGNs from the 7Ms Chandra Deep Field-South survey: the distribution, variability, and evolution of AGN's obscuration
• Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Protocluster at $z=3.37$ with a High Fraction of Quiescent Galaxies
• ALMA Deep Field in SSA22: Source Catalog and Number Counts
• Shocked POststarbust Galaxy Survey I: Candidate Poststarbust Galaxies with Emission Line Ratios Consistent with Shocks
• Further multiwavelength observations of the SSA22 Ly_alpha emitting `blob'
• Stellar Velocity Dispersion of a Massive Quenching Galaxy at z=4.01
• Quantifying Feedback from Narrow Line Region Outflows in Nearby Active Galaxies. I. Spatially Resolved Mass Outflow Rates for the Seyfert 2 Galaxy Markarian 573
• The MOSDEF survey: a census of AGN-driven ionized outflows at $z=1.4-3.8$
• Gemini Near Infrared Field Spectrograph Observations of the Seyfert 2 Galaxy Mrk 573: In Situ Acceleration of Ionized and Molecular Gas Off Fueling Flows
• [O III]$\lambda 5007$ and X-ray Properties of a Complete Sample of Hard X-ray Selected AGNs in the Local Universe
• Ionized outflows in SDSS type 2 quasars at z~0.3-0.6
• Long-Term X-ray Variability of Typical Active Galactic Nuclei in the Distant Universe
• The Limited Impact of Outflows: Integral-Field Spectroscopy of 20 Local AGNs
• The Origin of [OII] in Post-Starburst and Red-Sequence Galaxies in High-Redshift Clusters
• The Chandra Deep Protocluster Survey: Point-Source Catalogs for a 400 ks Observation of the z = 3.09 Protocluster in SSA22
• Obscured AGN at 1.5 < z < 3.0 from the zCOSMOS-deep Survey I. Properties of the emitting gas in the Narrow Line Region
• A z = 3 Lyman Alpha Blob Associated with a Damped Lyman Alpha System Proximate to its Background Quasar
• The Formation of the massive galaxies in the SSA22 z=3.1 protocluster
• NIR spectroscopic observation of massive galaxies in the protocluster at z = 3.09
• The Rapid Build-up of Massive Early-type Galaxies. Supersolar Metallicity, High Velocity Dispersion and Young Age for an ETG at z=3.35
• Spitzer observations of extended Lyman-alpha Clouds in the SSA22 field
• Submillimeter Array Identification of the Millimeter-Selected Galaxy SSA22-AzTEC1: A Protoquasar in a Protocluster?
• ALMA Deep Field in SSA22: Survey Design and Source Catalog of a 20 arcmin^2 Survey at 1.1mm
• The rest-frame optical sizes of massive galaxies with suppressed star formation at $z\sim 4$
• Accelerated galaxy growth and environmental quenching in a protocluster at z=3.24
• A Wide and Deep Exploration of Radio Galaxies with Subaru HSC (WERGS). II. Physical Properties derived from the SED Fitting with Optical, Infrared, and Radio Data
• Deep submillimeter and radio observations in the SSA22 field. I. Powering sources and Lyα escape fraction of Lyα blobs
• On the Nature of AGN and Star Formation Enhancement in the $z=3.1$ SSA22 Protocluster: The HST WFC3 IR View
• Imaging Spectroscopy of Ionized Gaseous Nebulae around Optically Faint AGN at Redshift z ~ 2

Cited by in corpus (10)

• An Atlas of Color-selected Quiescent Galaxies at $z>3$ in Public $JWST$ Fields
• Cosmic Vine: A z=3.44 large-scale structure hosting massive quiescent galaxies
• Gas outflows in two recently quenched galaxies at z = 4 and 7
• Revisiting the Properties of X-ray AGN in the SSA22 Protocluster: Normal SMBH and Host-Galaxy Growth for AGN in a $z=3.09$ Overdensity
• COALAS III: The ATCA CO(1-0) look at the growth and death of H$\alpha$ emitters in the Spiderweb protocluster at z=2.16
• Discovery of a spatially and kinematically resolved 55~kpc-scale superbubble inflated by an intermediate redshift non-BAL quasar
• Revealing the hidden cosmic feast: A z=4.3 galaxy group hosting two optically dark, efficiently star-forming galaxies
• Quenching of Galaxies at Cosmic Noon: Understanding the Effect of Environment
• Physical Processes Behind the Co-Evolution of Halos, Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes in the IllustrisTNG Simulation
• The Connection between Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies and the First Massive Quenched Galaxies