Single-step high-fidelity three-qubit gates by anisotropic chiral interactions

Abstract

Direct multi-qubit gates are becoming critical to facilitate quantum computations in near-term devices by reducing the gate counts and circuit depth. Here, we demonstrate that fast and high fidelity three-qubit gates can be realized in a single step by leveraging small anisotropic and chiral three-qubit interactions. These ingredients naturally arise in state-of-the-art spin-based quantum hardware through a combination of spin-orbit interactions and orbital magnetic fields. These interactions resolve the key synchronization issues inherent in protocols relying solely on two-qubit couplings, which significantly limit gate fidelity. We confirm with numerical simulations that our single-step three-qubit gate can outperform existing protocols, potentially achieving infidelity $\le 10^{-4}$ in 80-100 ns under current experimental conditions. To further benchmark its performance, we also propose an alternative composite three-qubit gate sequence based on anisotropic two-qubit interactions with built-in echo sequence and show that the single-step protocol can outperform it, making it highly suitable for near-term quantum processors.

24 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Revised version incorporating referee feedbacks. Accepted for publication in Physical Review X Quantum

References in corpus (99)

• Universal Quantum Computation with the Exchange Interaction
• A >99.9%-fidelity quantum-dot spin qubit with coherence limited by charge noise
• Optimal Hamiltonian Simulation by Quantum Signal Processing
• A programmable two-qubit quantum processor in silicon
• Semiconductor Spin Qubits
• A simple formula for the average gate fidelity of a quantum dynamical operation
• Interfacing spin qubits in quantum dots and donors - hot, dense and coherent
• Quantum error correction in a solid-state hybrid spin register
• A CMOS silicon spin qubit
• Quantum CNOT Gate for Spins in Silicon
• Computing with spin qubits at the surface code error threshold
• Fast universal quantum control above the fault-tolerance threshold in silicon
• A possible path to a new class of ferromagnetic and half metallic ferromagnetic materials
• A Coherent Spin-Photon Interface in Silicon
• Universal control of a six-qubit quantum processor in silicon
• Prospects for Spin-Based Quantum Computing
• A four-qubit germanium quantum processor
• Strong spin-photon coupling in silicon
• The germanium quantum information route
• Two-qubit silicon quantum processor with operation fidelity exceeding 99%
• CMOS-based cryogenic control of silicon quantum circuits
• Reduced sensitivity to charge noise in semiconductor spin qubits via symmetric operation
• Robust dynamical decoupling with bounded controls
• An Artificial Neuron Implemented on an Actual Quantum Processor
• Precision tomography of a three-qubit donor quantum processor in silicon
• Coherent spin-qubit photon coupling
• Noise suppression using symmetric exchange gates in spin qubits
• Silicon qubit fidelities approaching incoherent noise limits via pulse engineering
• A hole spin qubit in a fin field-effect transistor above 4 kelvin
• Superconductor-semiconductor hybrid cavity quantum electrodynamics
• Quantum error correction with silicon spin qubits
• Review of performance metrics of spin qubits in gated semiconducting nanostructures
• Creating Decoherence-Free Subspaces with Strong and Fast Pulses
• A singlet triplet hole spin qubit in planar Ge
• Probing single electrons across 300 mm spin qubit wafers
• Universal logic with encoded spin qubits in silicon
• Dynamical Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking and Photo-Induced Chiral Spin Liquids in Frustrated Mott Insulators
• High-Fidelity Single-Shot Toffoli Gate via Quantum Control
• High-fidelity quantum gates in Si/SiGe double quantum dots
• Circuit QED with Hole-Spin Qubits in Ge/Si Nanowire Quantum Dots
• Coherent spin-spin coupling mediated by virtual microwave photons
• Strong coupling between a photon and a hole spin in silicon
• Theory of Hole-Spin Qubits in Strained Germanium Quantum Dots
• Conveyor-mode single-electron shuttling in Si/SiGe for a scalable quantum computing architecture
• High-fidelity operation and algorithmic initialisation of spin qubits above one kelvin
• Large-$U$ limit of a Hubbard model in a magnetic field: chiral spin interactions and paramagnetism
• Pauli Spin Blockade of Heavy Holes in a Silicon Double Quantum Dot
• A shuttling-based two-qubit logic gate for linking distant silicon quantum processors
• Electrical control of g-factors in a few-hole silicon nanowire MOSFET
• Approximate Quantum Fourier Transform with $O(n\log (n))$ T gates
• Hole spin qubits in Si FinFETs with fully tunable spin-orbit coupling and sweet spots for charge noise
• Squeezed hole spin qubits in Ge quantum dots with ultrafast gates at low power
• Probing and controlling spin chirality in Mott insulators by circularly polarized laser
• Optimized cavity-mediated dispersive two-qubit gates between spin qubits
• Simultaneous single-qubit driving of semiconductor spin qubits at the fault-tolerant threshold
• Operating semiconductor quantum processors with hopping spins
• Single-step implementation of high fidelity $n$-bit Toffoli gate
• Blueprint of a scalable spin qubit shuttle device for coherent mid-range qubit transfer in disordered Si/SiGe/SiO${}_2$
• Recent advances in hole-spin qubits
• The Exchange Gate in Solid State Spin Quantum Computation: The Applicability of the Heisenberg Model
• Dynamics of hole singlet triplet qubits with large g-factor differences
• Sweet-spot operation of a germanium hole spin qubit with highly anisotropic noise sensitivity
• Voltage-controlled coded qubit based on electron spin
• Electrical control of the $g$-tensor of a single hole in a silicon MOS quantum dot
• Hole spin driving by strain-induced spin-orbit interactions
• Shuttling an electron spin through a silicon quantum dot array
• $N$-body interactions between trapped ion qubits via spin-dependent squeezing
• 12-spin-qubit arrays fabricated on a 300 mm semiconductor manufacturing line
• Crosstalk analysis for single-qubit and two-qubit gates in spin qubit arrays
• Chirality in Quantum Computation with Spin Cluster Qubits
• Two-qubit logic between distant spins in silicon
• Silicon quantum dot devices with a self-aligned second gate layer
• Universal control of four singlet-triplet qubits
• Two-qubit logic with anisotropic exchange in a fin field-effect transistor
• Hole spin manipulation in inhomogeneous and non-separable electric fields
• Protocol for a resonantly-driven three-qubit Toffoli gate with silicon spin qubits
• Three and Four-Body Interactions in Spin-Based Quantum Computers
• T-count and T-depth of any multi-qubit unitary
• Nonlinear response and crosstalk of electrically driven silicon spin qubits
• Gate-Tunable Spin-Orbit Coupling in a Germanium Hole Double Quantum Dot
• Chiral entanglement in triangular lattice models
• A singlet-triplet hole-spin qubit in MOS silicon
• Fano stability diagram of a symmetric triple quantum dot
• High-fidelity two-qubit gates of hybrid superconducting-semiconducting singlet-triplet qubits
• Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge degree and strongly-correlated states
• Quantum control for high-fidelity multi-qubit gates
• High-fidelity spin qubit shuttling via large spin-orbit interaction
• Native three-body interaction in superconducting circuits
• Phase driving hole spin qubits
• Coherent control of a triangular exchange-only spin qubit
• A high-fidelity method for a single-step $N$-bit Toffoli gate in trapped ions
• Single-Step Parity Check Gate Set for Quantum Error Correction
• Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors
• Driven Hubbard model on a triangular lattice: tunable Heisenberg antiferromagnet with three-spin chiral term
• Coupled vertical double quantum dots at single-hole occupancy
• Modular nanomagnet design for spin qubits confined in a linear chain
• Industrially fabricated single-electron quantum dots in Si/Si-Ge heterostructures
• Quantum gates by resonantly driving many-body eigenstates, with a focus on Polychronakos' model
• Minimal evolution times for fast, pulse-based state preparation in silicon spin qubits

Cited by in corpus (6)

• Mind the Gap: From Resolving Theoretical Foundations of Chiral(ity)-Induced Spin Selectivity to Pioneering Implementations in Quantum Sensing
• Multi-qubit DC gates over an inhomogeneous array of quantum dots
• Engineering the uncontrollable: Steering noisy spin-correlated radical-pairs with coherent and incoherent control
• Time-frequency-correlated Native CCZ Gate in Superconducting Circuits
• Color it, Code it, Cancel it: k-local dynamical decoupling from classical additive codes
• Parity Cross-Resonance: A Multiqubit Gate