Nucleon Effective Masses in Neutron-Rich Matter

Abstract

Various kinds of isovector nucleon effective masses are used in the literature to characterize the momentum/energy dependence of the nucleon symmetry potential or self-energy due to the space/time non-locality of the underlying isovector strong interaction in neutron-rich nucleonic matter. The multifaceted studies on nucleon isovector effective masses are multi-disciplinary in nature. Besides structures, masses and low-lying excited states of nuclei as well as nuclear reactions, studies of the isospin dependence of short-range correlations in nuclei from scatterings of high-energy electrons and protons on heavy nuclei also help understand nucleon effective masses especially the so-called E-mass in neutron-rich matter. A thorough understanding of all kinds of nucleon effective masses has multiple impacts on many interesting issues in both nuclear physics and astrophysics. We review some of the significant progresses made in recent years by the nuclear physics community in resolving some of the hotly debated and longstanding issues regarding nucleon effective masses especially in dense neutron-rich matter.

109 pages, Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics (2018) in press

References in corpus (93)

• GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral
• Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
• Neutron-Rich Nuclei in Heaven and Earth
• Nuclear symmetry energy probed by neutron skin thickness of nuclei
• Relativistic Mean-Field Hadronic Models under Nuclear Matter Constraints
• Probing Cold Dense Nuclear Matter
• The Skyrme Interaction in finite nuclei and nuclear matter
• Generalized Virial Theorem and Pressure Relation for a strongly correlated Fermi gas
• Neutron matter at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in chiral effective field theory
• Relativistic effective interaction for nuclei, giant resonances, and neutron stars
• Thermodynamics of the BCS-BEC crossover
• Momentum sharing in imbalanced Fermi systems
• Evidence for the Strong Dominance of Proton-Neutron Correlations in Nuclei
• Symmetry Energy I: Semi-Infinite Matter
• Verification of universal relations in a strongly interacting Fermi gas
• Constraints on the Symmetry Energy Using the Mass-Radius Relation of Neutron Stars
• Isotopic dependence of the giant monopole resonance in the even-A ^{112-124}Sn isotopes and the asymmetry term in nuclear incompressibility
• Neutron and Proton Transverse Emission Ratio Measurements and the Density Dependence of the Asymmetry Term of the Nuclear Equation of State
• Dense Matter in Compact Stars: Theoretical Developments and Observational Constraints
• Short Range Correlations and the EMC Effect
• Higher-order effects on the incompressibility of isospin asymmetric nuclear matter
• Relativistic model for nuclear matter and atomic nuclei with momentum-dependent self-energies
• Isovector splitting of nucleon effective masses, ab-initio benchmarks and extended stability criteria for Skyrme energy functionals
• Epsilon expansion for a Fermi gas at infinite scattering length
• Nuclear symmetry energy and its density slope at normal density extracted from global nucleon optical potentials
• Constraining the High-Density Behavior of Nuclear Symmetry Energy with the Tidal Polarizability of Neutron Stars
• Covariant theory of particle-vibrational coupling and its effect on the single-particle spectrum
• Two-dimensional dynamics of expansion of a degenerate Bose gas
• Isospin-dependent properties of asymmetric nuclear matter in relativistic mean-field models
• Recent observation of short range nucleon correlations in nuclei and their implications for the structure of nuclei and neutron stars
• Universal Relations for Identical Bosons from 3-Body Physics
• Symmetry Energy of Nucleonic Matter With Tensor Correlations
• Two and Three-body Contacts in the Unitary Bose Gas
• Precise determination of the structure factor and contact in a unitary Fermi gas
• Locating the inner edge of neutron star crust using terrestrial nuclear laboratory data
• Large-N expansion for unitary superfluid Fermi gases
• Shear viscosity in neutron star cores
• One-dimensional Anderson localization in certain correlated random potentials
• Towards order-by-order calculations of the nuclear and neutron matter equations of state in chiral effective field theory
• Resonantly Interacting Fermions In a Box
• Breakdown of Fermi liquid description for strongly interacting fermions
• Fermi gas near unitarity around four and two spatial dimensions
• Chiral EFT based nuclear forces: Achievements and challenges
• Why is Tin so soft?
• Nucleon effective masses within the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock theory: Impact on stellar neutrino emission
• Symmetry Energy III: Isovector Skins
• Momentum Distribution and Contact of the Unitary Fermi gas
• The High-Density Symmetry Energy and Direct Urca
• Half-Skyrmions, Tensor Forces and Symmetry Energy in Cold Dense Matter
• Neutron-proton effective mass splitting in neutron-rich matter at normal density from analyzing nucleon-nucleus scattering data within an isospin dependent optical model
• Nuclear matter symmetry energy and the symmetry energy coefficient in the mass formula
• Asymmetry dependence of proton correlations
• Interdependence of different symmetry energy elements
• In-medium effects for nuclear matter in the Fermi energy domain
• Universal contact of strongly interacting fermions at finite temperatures
• Shear viscosity of neutron matter from realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions
• New Results on Short-Range Correlations in Nuclei
• Survey of excited state neutron spectroscopic factors for Z=8-28 nuclei
• Thermal properties of asymmetric nuclear matter with an improved isospin- and momentum-dependent interaction
• Density-dependent nucleon-nucleon interaction from three-nucleon forces
• Non-empirical pairing energy functional in nuclear matter and finite nuclei
• Folding model study of the isobaric analog excitation: isovector density dependence, Lane potential and nuclear symmetry energy
• Effects of short-range correlation reduced kinetic symmetry energy in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies
• Next-to-next-to-leading-order epsilon expansion for a Fermi gas at infinite scattering length
• Experimental evaluation of the nuclear neutron-proton contact
• Superscaling analysis of inclusive electron scattering and its extension to charge-changing neutrino-nucleus cross sections beyond the relativistic Fermi gas approach
• Quantifying short-range correlations in nuclei
• Effects of isospin and momentum dependent interactions on thermal properties of asymmetric nuclear matter
• Three-body force effect on nucleon momentum distributions in asymmetric nuclear matter within the framework of the extended BHF approach
• Effects of isospin and momentum dependent interactions on liquid-gas phase transition in hot asymmetric nuclear matter
• Impact of the equation-of-state -- gravity degeneracy on constraining the nuclear symmetry energy from astrophysical observables
• The isospin quartic term in the kinetic energy of neutron-rich nucleonic matter
• Nuclear equation of state at high baryonic density and compact star constraints
• Jet conversions in a quark-gluon plasma
• The interplay of short-range correlations and nuclear symmetry energy in hard photon productions from heavy-ion reactions at Fermi energies
• Revisit of the neutron/proton ratio puzzle in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Isospin dependent properties of asymmetric nuclear matter
• Relativistic Effects and Three-Nucleon Forces in Nuclear Matter and Nuclei
• Neutron-proton effective mass splitting in neutron-rich matter and its impacts on nuclear reactions
• Nuclear matter fourth-order symmetry energy in non-relativistic mean-field models
• Neutron-proton mass difference in finite nuclei and the Nolen-Schiffer anomaly
• Neutron-proton mass difference in isospin asymmetric nuclear matter
• Short-range correlations in isospin symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter: a microscopic perspective
• Correlation between elliptic flow and shear viscosity in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Neutron-proton mass difference in nuclear matter
• Isospin splitting of nucleon effective mass and shear viscosity of nuclear matter
• Superscaling in dilute Fermi gas and its relation to general properties of the nucleon momentum distribution in nuclei
• The mean free path of protons and neutrons in isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter
• Isospin dependence of nucleon effective masses in neutron-rich matter
• Surface-peaked effective mass in the nuclear energy density functional and its influence on single-particle spectra
• Mean free paths and in-medium scattering cross sections of energetic nucleons in neutron-rich nucleonic matter within the relativistic impulse approximation
• Effective Lagrangian of unitary Fermi gas from $\epsilon$ expansion
• Isospin and momentum dependence of liquid-gas phase transition in hot asymmetric nuclear matter

Cited by in corpus (127)

• Neutron Stars and the Nuclear Equation of State
• Progress in Constraining Nuclear Symmetry Energy Using Neutron Star Observables Since GW170817
• Towards Understanding Astrophysical Effects of Nuclear Symmetry Energy
• Dense Nuclear Matter Equation of State from Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Extracting Nuclear Symmetry Energies at High Densities from Observations of Neutron Stars and Gravitational Waves
• Direct Observation of Proton-Neutron Short-Range Correlation Dominance in Heavy Nuclei
• GW190814's secondary component with mass $(2.50-2.67)$ M${}_{\odot }$ as a super-fast pulsar
• New equations of state constrained by nuclear physics, observations, and QCD calculations of high-density nuclear matter
• Bayesian Inference of the Symmetry Energy of Super-Dense Neutron-Rich Matter from Future Radius Measurements of Massive Neutron Stars
• Dynamics of clusters and fragments in heavy-ion collisions
• Equation of state effects in the core collapse of a $20$-$M_{\odot }$ star
• Recent developments for the optical model of nuclei
• Scale and Scheme Independence and Position-Momentum Equivalence of Nuclear Short-Range Correlations
• Charge Radius of Neutron-deficient ${}^{54}$Ni and Symmetry Energy Constraints Using the Difference in Mirror Pair Charge Radii
• $Abinitio$ constraints on thermal effects of the nuclear equation of state
• Transport approaches for the Description of Intermediate-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Collision dynamics at medium and relativistic energies
• Relativistic mean-field theories for neutron-star physics based on chiral effective field theory
• Beta equilibrium under neutron star merger conditions
• Thermal Effects in Binary Neutron Star Mergers
• Bayesian inference of nuclear symmetry energy from measured and imagined neutron skin thickness in ${}^{116,118,120,122,124,130,132}$Sn, ${}^{208}$Pb, and ${}^{48}$Ca
• Constraining compact star properties with nuclear saturation parameters
• EoS for hot neutron stars
• Impact of NICER's Radius Measurement of PSR J0740+6620 on Nuclear Symmetry Energy at Suprasaturation Densities
• Effective density functionals beyond mean field
• Nucleon effective mass in hot dense matter
• Tides in merging neutron stars: Consistency of the GW170817 event with experimental data on finite nuclei
• Imprints of high-momentum nucleons in nuclei on hard photons from heavy-ion collisions around the Fermi Energy
• Translating neutron star observations to nuclear symmetry energy via artificial neural networks
• Magnetars and Axion-like Particles: Probes with the Hard X-ray Spectrum
• Generalized Contact Formalism Analysis of the ${}^4$He$(e,e^{\prime }pN)$ Reaction
• Application of artificial intelligence in the determination of impact parameter in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies
• Axions in neutron star mergers
• Application of machine learning in the determination of impact parameter in the ${}^{132}$Sn+${}^{124}$Sn system
• Capture of Electroweak Multiplet Dark Matter in Neutron Stars
• Extracing the number of short-range corerlated nucleon pairs from inclusive electron scattering data
• Axions: From Magnetars and Neutron Star Mergers to Beam Dumps and BECs
• Probing high-density nuclear symmetry energy with ${\Xi }^{-}/{\Xi }^0$ ratio in heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\sim 3$ GeV
• Extended Skyrme interactions for transport model simulations of heavy-ion collisions
• Structure in the speed of sound: from neutron stars to heavy-ion collisions
• Comparing proton momentum distributions in $A=2$ and 3 nuclei via ${}^2$H ${}^3$H and ${}^3$He $(e,e^{\prime }p)$ measurements
• Isospin composition of the high-momentum fluctuations in nuclei from asymptotic momentum distributions
• Non-perturbative Extraction of the Effective Mass in Neutron Matter
• Bayesian inference of neutron-star observables based on effective nuclear interactions
• Constraining isovector nuclear interactions with giant resonances within a Bayesian approach
• Symmetry energy effects on the properties of hybrid stars
• Neutron Star Quantum Death by Small Black Holes
• Bayesian Inference of Fine-Features of Nuclear Equation of State from Future Neutron Star Radius Measurements to 0.1km Accuracy
• Nucleus giant resonances from an improved isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport approach
• Indirect methods in nuclear astrophysics with relativistic radioactive beams
• Setting nonperturbative uncertainties on finite-temperature properties of neutron matter
• Nuclear collective dynamics in the lattice Hamiltonian Vlasov method
• Constraining isovector nuclear interactions with giant dipole resonance and neutron skin in ${}^{208}$Pb from a Bayesian approach
• Neutron-proton effective mass splitting in neutron-rich matter
• Nuclei in Core-Collapse Supernovae Engine
• Entrainment effects in neutron-proton mixtures within the nuclear-energy density functional theory. I. Low-temperature limit
• Effect of nucleon effective mass and symmetry energy on the neutrino mean free path in a neutron star
• Impact parameter smearing effects on isospin sensitive observables in heavy ion collisions
• Embedding short-range correlations in relativistic density functionals through quasi-deuterons
• Multilayer neutron stars with scalar mesons crossing term
• Constraints on Skyrme Equations of State from Doubly Magic Nuclei, Ab-Initio Calculations of Low-Density Neutron Matter, and Neutron Stars
• Bayesian inference on the isospin splitting of nucleon effective mass from giant resonances in ${}^{208}$Pb
• Intersections of ultracold atomic polarons and nuclear clusters: How is a chart of nuclides modified in dilute neutron matter?
• Bayesian inference of in-medium baryon-baryon scattering cross sections from HADES proton flow data
• A systematic study of giant quadrupole resonances with the subtracted second random--phase approximation: beyond--mean--field centroids and fragmentation
• Beyond--mean--field effective masses in the nuclear Fermi liquid from axial breathing modes
• Role of nucleon-nucleon correlation in transport coefficients and gravitational-wave-driven $r$-mode instability of neutron stars
• Novel Scalings of Neutron Star Properties from Analyzing Dimensionless Tolman--Oppenheimer--Volkoff Equations
• Reconstruction of Bremsstrahlung $\gamma$-rays Spectrum in Heavy Ion Reactions with Richardson-Lucy Algorithm
• Tabulated Equations of State From Models Informed by Chiral Effective Field Theory
• Collision integral with momentum-dependent potentials and its impact on pion production in heavy-ion collisions
• Investigating Effects of Relativistic Kinematics, Dimensionality, Interactions, and Short-Range Correlations on the Ratio of Quartic over Quadratic Nuclear Symmetry Energies
• Effects of the initialization of nucleon momentum in heavy-ion collisions at medium energies
• Nuclear giant quadruple resonance within transport approach and its constraint on nucleon effective mass
• The European Muon Collaboration effect from short-range correlated nucleons in a $x$-rescaling model
• Breakdown of the tensor component in the Skyrme energy density functional
• Constraining nucleon effective masses with flow and stopping observables from the S$\pi$RIT experiment
• Equation of State of Neutron-Rich Matter in $d$-Dimensions
• Influence of the nuclear matter equation of state on the r-mode instability using the finite-range simple effective interaction
• Accurate nuclear symmetry energy at finite temperature within a BHF approach
• Relativistic self-energy decomposition of nuclear symmetry energy and equation of state of neutron matter within QCD sum rules
• Impact of isovector pairing fluctuation on neutrinoless double-beta decay in multi-reference covariant density functional theory
• Impact of ground-state properties and collective excitations on the Skyrme ansatz: a Bayesian study
• Satisfying the compressibility sum rule in neutron matter
• Green-Kubo formula for Boltzmann and Fermi-Dirac statistics
• Polaronic Proton and Diproton Clustering in Neutron-Rich Matter
• Neural Network Emulation of Flow in Heavy-Ion Collisions at Intermediate Energies
• Equation of state in neutron stars and supernovae
• Intrinsic Correlations Among Characteristics of Neutron-rich Matter Imposed by the Unbound Nature of Pure Neutron Matter
• Effective Mass of $\alpha$-Cluster in ${}^{12}$C Nucleus
• Proton-proton momentum correlation function as a probe of the high momentum tail of the nucleon momentum distribution
• Revisiting the isospin relaxation time in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Symmetry energy of super-dense neutron-rich matter from integrating barotropic pressures in neutron stars and heavy-ion reactions
• Precise Measurement of Short-Range Correlations in Nuclei from Bremsstrahlung Gamma Ray Emission in Low-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Influence of the effective mass on the properties of nuclear matter at finite density and temperature
• Equation of state and neutrino transfer in supernovae and neutron stars
• New Skyrme parametrizations to describe finite nuclei and neutron star matter with realistic effective masses
• Evolutions of in-medium baryon-baryon scattering cross sections and stiffness of dense nuclear matter from Bayesian analyses of FOPI proton flow excitation functions
• Universal laws for nuclear contacts
• Symmetry potentials and in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross sections within the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in relativistic impulse approximation
• Bayesian inference of nuclear incompressibility from collective flow in mid-central Au+Au collisions at 400--1500 MeV/nucleon
• New Insights into Supradense Matter from Dissecting Scaled Stellar Structure Equations
• Nucleon Short-Range Correlations and High-Momentum Dynamics: Implications on the Equation of State of Dense Matter
• Bayesian Inference of Hybrid Star Properties from Future High-Precision Measurements of Their Radii
• Discovery vs. Precision in Nuclear Physics- A Tale of Three Scales
• Quartet correlations near the surface of $N=Z$ nuclei
• Skewness of nuclear matter and three-particle correlations
• High-order isospin-dependent surface tension contribution to the fourth-order symmetry energy of finite nuclei
• Mass-Energy Equivalence in Bound Three-Nucleon Systems
• In-medium $\Delta (1232)$ potential, pion production in heavy-ion collisions and the symmetry energy
• Constraining neutron-proton effective mass splitting through nuclear giant dipole resonance within transport approach
• Weak Charge Form Factor Determination at the Electron-Ion Collider
• Finite temperature description of Fermi gases with in-medium effective mass
• Skyrme-based extrapolation for the static response of neutron matter
• Neutron matter at the interface(s): static response and effective mass
• Illustrating the liquid gas transition of nuclear matter in QCD
• Effects of high-momentum tail of nucleon momentum distribution on initiation of cluster production in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies
• Finding signatures of the nuclear symmetry energy in heavy-ion collisions with deep learning
• Investigating the possibility of extracting neutron-skin thickness in nuclei by their collisions at intermediate energies
• Experimental Study of Bremsstrahlung Gamma Ray Emission and Short-Range Correlations in ${}^{124}$Sn+${}^{124}$Sn Collisions at 25 MeV/u
• Phase-space excluded-volume approach for light clusters in nuclear medium
• Effects of a Brueckner-Hartree-Fock-corrected effective mass on speed of sound, conformality, and observables of dark matter-admixed neutron stars
• Predicted Measurements of the Tensor-to-Scalar Transition in the CLAS12 Nuclear Targets Experiment
• Recent applications of the subtracted second RPA method
• Neutron Star Equation of State with Nucleon Short-Range Correlations: A Concise Review and Open Issues
• Transport Model Comparison Studies of Intermediate-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Light scalars in neutron star mergers